Tissue and serum concentrations of amikacin after intramuscular and intrauterine administration to mares in estrus.
Abstract: Concentrations of amikacin in endometrial tissue and plasma were studied in mares in estrus after intrauterine infusion of 1.0 or 2.0 g once a day for 3 consecutive d, and after 9.7 or 14.5 mg/kg body weight (BW) had been injected intramuscularly once a day for 3 consecutive d to determine concentrations of amikacin sulfate in plasma and endometrial tissues, and whether parenteral administration provides any advantages over intramuscular infusion. No amikacin was detected in serum at the 1.0 g dose. At the infusion dose of 2.0 g once a day, very low levels of serum amikacin were detected at 1 and 4 h postinfusion on the 1st treatment day. Amikacin was found to penetrate the endometrium after intramuscular injection; however, the levels attained were not as high as those achieved following intrauterine infusion. Based on the tissue and serum concentrations of amikacin, an intrauterine infusion at a dose of 4.4 mg/kg BW/d would appear to be an appropriate therapeutic regimen for the treatment of gram-negative endometritis.
Publication Date: 1996-03-01 PubMed ID: 8681283PubMed Central: PMC1576637
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research focuses on investigating the effects and concentrations of the antibiotic amikacin in the endometrial tissue and plasma of mares in estrus, when administered either internally (intrauterine) or as a muscle injection (intramuscular). The main findings conclude that intrauterine infusion of the drug yields higher concentration levels, possibly beneficial in treating gram-negative endometritis.
Methodology and Administration of Drug
- Amikacin, an antibiotic, was administered to mares in estrus in two different manners – intrauterine infusion and intramuscular injection.
- In the case of intrauterine infusion, the given doses were 1.0 grams and 2.0 grams once daily for three consecutive days.
- In the case of intramuscular injection, the doses given were 9.7 mg and 14.5 mg per kg of body weight, again administered once daily for three consecutive days.
Analysis of Amikacin Concentrations in Tissue and Serum
- The study monitored the concentration levels of amikacin sulfate in the plasma and endometrial tissues of the mares.
- It was found that no traces of amikacin were present in the serum at the lower intrauterine infusion dose (1.0 grams).
- At a higher intrauterine dose of 2.0 grams, minimal levels of serum amikacin were detected 1 to 4 hours after the first day of treatment.
Comparison of Intramuscular and Intrauterine Administration
- The intramuscular method did result in penetration of the antibiotic into the endometrium; however, these levels were not as pronounced as those found following intrauterine administration.
- This suggests that intrauterine infusion may be a more effective method of delivering the antibiotic into the required tissues.
Conclusion and Recommendation
- Based on the study’s results, the research concludes that an intrauterine infusion of 4.4 mg/kg body weight per day is likely an effective therapeutic regimen for treating gram-negative endometritis.
- The endometrial tissue concentrations after intrauterine infusion were persistently higher than serum concentrations and concentrations after intramuscular injection.
- Thus, this method offers a more targeted and, apparently, more effective form of administering the antibiotic to mares in estrus.
Cite This Article
APA
Orsini JA, Park MI, Spencer PA.
(1996).
Tissue and serum concentrations of amikacin after intramuscular and intrauterine administration to mares in estrus.
Can Vet J, 37(3), 157-160.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine, New Bolton Center, Kennett Square 19348, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Amikacin / administration & dosage
- Amikacin / blood
- Amikacin / pharmacokinetics
- Animals
- Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage
- Anti-Bacterial Agents / blood
- Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacokinetics
- Endometrium / metabolism
- Estrus
- Female
- Horses / metabolism
- Injections, Intramuscular / veterinary
- Time Factors
References
This article includes 5 references
- Stratton LG, Corstvet R, Brown J, Corley L. Isolation of Klebsiella pneumoniae from the urogenital tract of experimentally infected mares.. J Reprod Fertil Suppl 1979;(27):317-20.
- Orsini JA, Soma LR, Rourke JE, Park M. Pharmacokinetics of amikacin in the horse following intravenous and intramuscular administration.. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 1985 Jun;8(2):194-201.
- Ostermann PA, Henry SL, Seligson D. The role of local antibiotic therapy in the management of compound fractures.. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1993 Oct;(295):102-11.
- Blaha JD, Calhoun JH, Nelson CL, Henry SL, Seligson D, Esterhai JL Jr, Heppenstall RB, Mader J, Evans RP, Wilkins J. Comparison of the clinical efficacy and tolerance of gentamicin PMMA beads on surgical wire versus combined and systemic therapy for osteomyelitis.. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1993 Oct;(295):8-12.
- Brown MP, Embertson RM, Gronwall RR, Beal C, Mayhew IG, Curry SH. Amikacin sulfate in mares: pharmacokinetics and body fluid and endometrial concentrations after repeated intramuscular administration.. Am J Vet Res 1984 Aug;45(8):1610-3.
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Fumuso E, Checura C, Losinno L, Soto P, Sánchez S. Endometrial tissue concentrations of enrofloxacin after intrauterine administration to mares.. Vet Res Commun 2002 Jul;26(5):371-80.
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