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International journal of molecular sciences2023; 24(18); 13718; doi: 10.3390/ijms241813718

Transcriptome Signature of Immature and In Vitro-Matured Equine Cumulus-Oocytes Complex.

Abstract: Maturation is a critical step in the development of an oocyte, and it is during this time that the oocyte advances to metaphase II (MII) of the meiotic cycle and acquires developmental competence to be fertilized and become an embryo. However, in vitro maturation (IVM) remains one of the limiting steps in the in vitro production of embryos (IVP), with a variable percentage of oocytes reaching the MII stage and unpredictable levels of developmental competence. Understanding the dynamics of oocyte maturation is essential for the optimization of IVM culture conditions and subsequent IVP outcomes. Thus, the aim of this study was to elucidate the transcriptome dynamics of oocyte maturation by comparing transcriptomic changes during in vitro maturation in both oocytes and their surrounding cumulus cells. Cumulus-oocyte complexes were obtained from antral follicles and divided into two groups: immature and in vitro-matured (MII). RNA was extracted separately from oocytes (OC) and cumulus cells (CC), followed by library preparation and RNA sequencing. A total of 13,918 gene transcripts were identified in OC, with 538 differentially expressed genes (DEG) between immature OC and in vitro-matured OC. In CC, 13,104 genes were expressed with 871 DEG. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed an association between the DEGs and pathways relating to nuclear maturation in OC and GTPase activity, extracellular matrix organization, and collagen trimers in CC. Additionally, the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor gene () and luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor gene () showed differential expressions between CC-MII and immature CC samples. Overall, these results serve as a foundation to further investigate the biological pathways relevant to oocyte maturation in horses and pave the road to improve the IVP outcomes and the overall clinical management of equine assisted reproductive technologies (ART).
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Publication Date: 2023-09-06 PubMed ID: 37762020PubMed Central: PMC10531358DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813718Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

Overview

  • This study investigates the changes in gene expression (transcriptome) during the maturation of horse oocytes and their surrounding cumulus cells when matured in vitro.
  • The research aims to better understand how oocyte maturation occurs at the molecular level to improve in vitro embryo production (IVP) techniques in horses.

Background

  • Oocyte maturation is a key step for an egg cell to progress to metaphase II (MII) of meiosis, enabling it to be fertilized and develop into an embryo.
  • In vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes, a laboratory technique to mature eggs outside the body, has variable success rates and affects the developmental potential of the oocytes.
  • Understanding the transcriptomic changes during maturation can help optimize IVM culture conditions and improve embryo production outcomes.

Study Design

  • Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs), which include the oocyte and surrounding cumulus cells, were collected from horse antral follicles.
  • Two groups were created: immature oocytes and those matured in vitro to the MII stage.
  • RNA was extracted separately from the oocytes (OC) and cumulus cells (CC).
  • RNA sequencing was performed to analyze gene expression profiles in both cell types.

Key Findings

  • Approximately 13,918 gene transcripts were detected in oocytes, with 538 genes showing differential expression between immature and in vitro-matured oocytes.
  • In cumulus cells, 13,104 genes were identified, with 871 showing differential expression between immature and matured states.
  • Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed:
    • In oocytes, differentially expressed genes were associated with pathways involved in nuclear maturation, essential for meiotic progression.
    • In cumulus cells, enriched pathways involved GTPase activity, extracellular matrix organization, and collagen trimers, indicating roles in cell communication and structural remodeling during maturation.
  • The follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) and luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) genes showed significant differences in expression between immature and matured cumulus cells, which are crucial for hormone signaling during follicle growth and ovulation.

Implications

  • The study provides a detailed transcriptome signature that distinguishes immature and in vitro-matured equine oocytes and cumulus cells.
  • Identifying the gene pathways active during oocyte maturation helps clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying this complex process in horses.
  • These findings can guide improvements in in vitro maturation protocols, potentially enhancing the efficiency and success rates of equine embryo production in assisted reproductive technologies (ART).
  • Better understanding of cumulus cell function and gene expression changes also offers insight into supporting oocyte development during IVM.

Conclusion

  • This research sets a foundation for further studies on equine oocyte maturation at a molecular level.
  • Ultimately, the knowledge gained may improve clinical management and outcomes in equine ART by optimizing IVM and IVP methodologies.

Cite This Article

APA
de la Fuente A, Scoggin C, Bradecamp E, Martin-Pelaez S, van Heule M, Troedsson M, Daels P, Meyers S, Dini P. (2023). Transcriptome Signature of Immature and In Vitro-Matured Equine Cumulus-Oocytes Complex. Int J Mol Sci, 24(18), 13718. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241813718

Publication

International journal of molecular sciences
ISSN: 1422-0067
NlmUniqueID: 101092791
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 24
Issue: 18
PII: 13718

Researcher Affiliations

de la Fuente, Alejandro
  • Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
  • Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Scoggin, Charles
  • LeBlanc Reproduction Center, Rood and Riddle Equine Hospital, Lexington, KY 40511, USA.
Bradecamp, Etta
  • LeBlanc Reproduction Center, Rood and Riddle Equine Hospital, Lexington, KY 40511, USA.
Martin-Pelaez, Soledad
  • Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
van Heule, Machteld
  • Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
  • Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ghent, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Troedsson, Mats
  • Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
Daels, Peter
  • Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ghent, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Meyers, Stuart
  • Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Dini, Pouya
  • Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Horses
  • Female
  • Transcriptome
  • Oocytes
  • Ovarian Follicle
  • Gene Expression Profiling
  • Cumulus Cells

Grant Funding

  • Theriogenology Foundation
  • UCDavis Center for Equine Health
  • UCDavis Department of Population, Heath and Reproduction Seed Grant

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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