Transformation of animal genomics by next-generation sequencing technologies: a decade of challenges and their impact on genetic architecture.
Abstract: For more than a quarter of a century, sequencing technologies from Sanger's method to next-generation high-throughput techniques have provided fascinating opportunities in the life sciences. The continuing upward trajectory of sequencing technologies will improve livestock research and expedite the development of various new genomic and technological studies with farm animals. The use of high-throughput technologies in livestock research has increased interest in metagenomics, epigenetics, genome-wide association studies, and identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms and copy number variations. Such studies are beginning to provide revolutionary insights into biological and evolutionary processes. Farm animals, such as cattle, swine, and horses, have played a dual role as economically and agriculturally important animals as well as biomedical research models. The first part of this study explores the current state of sequencing methods, many of which are already used in animal genomic studies, and the second part summarizes the state of cattle, swine, horse, and chicken genome sequencing and illustrates its achievements during the last few years. Finally, we describe several high-throughput sequencing approaches for the improved detection of known, unknown, and emerging infectious agents, leading to better diagnosis of infectious diseases. The insights from viral metagenomics and the advancement of next-generation sequencing will strongly support specific and efficient vaccine development and provide strategies for controlling infectious disease transmission among animal populations and/or between animals and humans. However, prospective sequencing technologies will require further research and in-field testing before reaching the marketplace.
Publication Date: 2018-04-10 PubMed ID: 29631431DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2018.1451819Google Scholar: Lookup
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The research article discusses the transformation of animal genomics due to the advancement of next-generation sequencing technologies over the past decade, emphasizing on the impact these technologies have had on genetic understanding, improvements in livestock research, and developments in genomic and technological studies with farm animals.
Transformation of Animal Genomics
- The research centers upon the fascinating opportunities made possible by sequencing technologies, which range from Sanger’s method to next-generation high-throughput techniques. These technologies have seen steady improvement and have proven pivotal in enriching the life sciences.
- High-throughput sequencing technologies have sparked considerable interest in various aspects of animal genomics including metagenomics, epigenetics, genome-wide association studies, and the identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms and copy number variations.
Role of Farm Animals
- The article highlights the dual role of farm animals such as cattle, swine, horses, and chickens. These animals are of economic and agricultural significance and simultaneously serve as biomedical research models. This dual role contributes to the exploration of biological and evolutionary processes.
- The first part of the study delves into the existing state of sequencing methods, many of which have already found utility in animal genomic studies.
- The second part provides a summary of cattle, swine, horse, and chicken genome sequencing and its accomplishments in recent years.
Improved Detection of Infectious Agents
- Several high-throughput sequencing approaches are described in the research for the improved detection of both known and emerging infectious agents. This contributes to a more accurate diagnosis of infectious diseases.
- Findings obtained from viral metagenomics, along with the progress of next-generation sequencing technologies, strongly support the development of specific and efficient vaccines. These can provide potential strategies for controlling the transmission of infectious diseases among animal populations and/or between animals and humans.
- Despite the promising advancements, the authors note that prospective sequencing technologies will require additional research and in-field testing before they can reach the marketplace and be accepted for widespread use.
Cite This Article
APA
Ghosh M, Sharma N, Singh AK, Gera M, Pulicherla KK, Jeong DK.
(2018).
Transformation of animal genomics by next-generation sequencing technologies: a decade of challenges and their impact on genetic architecture.
Crit Rev Biotechnol, 38(8), 1157-1175.
https://doi.org/10.1080/07388551.2018.1451819 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- a Department of Animal Biotechnology , Jeju National University , Jeju-Do , Republic of Korea.
- b Department of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry , Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology , R.S. Pura , India.
- a Department of Animal Biotechnology , Jeju National University , Jeju-Do , Republic of Korea.
- a Department of Animal Biotechnology , Jeju National University , Jeju-Do , Republic of Korea.
- c Department of Science and Technology , Technology Development Transfer , New Delhi , India.
- a Department of Animal Biotechnology , Jeju National University , Jeju-Do , Republic of Korea.
MeSH Terms
- Animal Diseases / genetics
- Animals
- Genomics
- Sequence Analysis / methods
Citations
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