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Veterinary world2020; 13(11); 2447-2451; doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.2447-2451

Ultrasonographic evaluation of the effects of the administration of neostigmine and metoclopramide on duodenal, cecal, and colonic contractility in Arabian horses: A comparative study.

Abstract: As means for enhancing gastrointestinal (GI) motility, prokinetics have previously been evaluated in different breeds of horses with varying success. No previous studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of prokinetics on the intestinal tract of Arabian horses breed. Using B-mode ultrasound in the quantification of intestinal contractility, this study aimed to compare the impact of neostigmine and metoclopramide on the intestinal motility of healthy Arabian horses. Methods: Twenty-one clinically healthy Arabian horses were equally distributed into three groups. The control group was administered with 5 mL normal saline intramuscularly (IM). The second group was administered with neostigmine (0.044 mg/kg body weight [BW], IM), and the third group was administered with metoclopramide (0.25 mg/kg BW, IM). Duodenal, cecal, and colonic contractions were counted through ultrasonography for 3 min (pre-administration and 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 min post-administration). Results: In the neostigmine group, a significant (p<0.05) increase in duodenal, cecal, and colonic contractions was observed 15 min post-administration compared with that in the control group (15±1.0, 11.33±1.53, and 12.33±2.31 vs. 11.0±2.0, 6.33±0.58, and 5.33±0.58 contractions per 3 min, respectively), continuing to 60 min post-administration for the duodenum and cecum and 120 min for colon and then returning to the normal; however, the metoclopramide group showed a significant (p<0.05) increase only in cecal and colonic contractions 60 min post-administration compared with the control group (11.0±1.0 and 12.33±0.58 vs. 6±1.0 and 5.67±0.58 contractions per 3 min, respectively), continuing until the end of the experiment. Excessive sweating, excitation, and straining were recorded following the administration of neostigmine, whereas no side effects were observed in the metoclopramide group. Conclusions: Neostigmine improves duodenal, cecal, and colonic contractions in healthy adult Arabian horses, whereas metoclopramide only improves cecal and colonic contractions. Metoclopramide appears to be safer and longer acting than neostigmine in the Arabian horse breed. Ultrasonography is a valuable noninvasive tool for the quantification of intestinal contractility. Future studies should consider the use of various dosages of metoclopramide and administration routes and investigate its impact on horses with GI transit disorders and inclusion in colic post-operative care.
Copyright: © Beder, et al.
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Publication Date: 2020-11-16 PubMed ID: 33363340PubMed Central: PMC7750228DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.2447-2451Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research evaluates the prokinetic effects of neostigmine and metoclopramide on the gastrointestinal contractility of Arabian horses, using ultrasonography to measure the impact. Neostigmine improved contractility in three intestinal regions—the duodenum, cecum, and colon—while metoclopramide affected only the cecum and colon but was longer acting and didn’t have the side effects noted with neostigmine.

Study Methodology

  • The study involved 21 healthy Arabian horses which were divided into three equal groups. The control group was given a normal saline solution intramuscularly. The second group received neostigmine (at 0.044 mg/kg body weight, administered intramuscularly) and the third group was given metoclopramide (at 0.25 mg/kg body weight, also administered intramuscularly).
  • Contractility, or the number of contractions, in the duodenum, cecum, and colon of each horse was then monitored using B-mode ultrasonography before and 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes after administration.

Research Findings

  • The study found that in the neostigmine group, there was a significant increase in contractions in the duodenum, cecum, and colon 15minutes post-administration compared to the control group. This increase in contractility lasted for 60 minutes for the duodenum and cecum and 120 minutes for the colon, after which the rates returned to normal.
  • The metoclopramide-treated group also showed a significant increase in contractions, but only in the cecum and colon. This increase in contractibility occurred 60 minutes post-administration and lasted until the end of the experiment.
  • Side effects such as excessive sweating, excitement, and straining were observed in the neostigmine group, but no side effects were recorded in the metoclopramide group.

Conclusions and Future Implications

  • The study concluded that both neostigmine and metoclopramide can improve the intestinal contractility of Arabian horses. Neostigmine affects the duodenum, cecum, and colon, while metoclopramide only affects the cecum and colon. However, metoclopramide appears to have a longer-lasting effect and doesn’t come with the side effects of neostigmine.
  • The researchers also highlighted that ultrasonography is a valuable, non-invasive tool for quantifying intestinal contractility.
  • In future research, the team suggested that different dosages of metoclopramide should be explored, as well as alternative methods of administration. Additional studies need to investigate the impact of metoclopramide on horses with gastrointestinal transit disorders and assess its potential inclusion in post-operative care for colic.

Cite This Article

APA
Beder NA, Mourad AA, Aly MA. (2020). Ultrasonographic evaluation of the effects of the administration of neostigmine and metoclopramide on duodenal, cecal, and colonic contractility in Arabian horses: A comparative study. Vet World, 13(11), 2447-2451. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.2447-2451

Publication

Veterinary world
ISSN: 0972-8988
NlmUniqueID: 101504872
Country: India
Language: English
Volume: 13
Issue: 11
Pages: 2447-2451

Researcher Affiliations

Beder, Noha Abdallah
  • Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Egypt.
Mourad, Ahmed Atef
  • Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Egypt.
Aly, Mahmoud Allam
  • Department of Animal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Egypt.

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