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Home / Equine Research Bank / Can Vet J / Unsuccessful treatment of a horse with mandibular granulomat...
The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne2009; 49(11); 1099-1103;

Unsuccessful treatment of a horse with mandibular granulomatous osteomyelitis due to Halicephalobus gingivalis.

Abstract: An 8-year-old horse was presented with a submandibular swelling. Biopsy of the lesion indicated granulomatous osteomyelitis due to Halicephalobus gingivalis. In the absence of evidence of involvement of the central nervous system at the time of diagnosis, the horse was treated with ivermectin. Unfortunately, the horse did not survive. Un cheval âgé de 8 ans a été présenté pour une enflure sous-mandibulaire. Une biopsie de la lésion a révélé une ostéomyélite granulomateuse causée par En l’absence de signes d’atteinte du système nerveux central au moment du diagnostic, le cheval a été traité à l’ivermectine. Malheureusement, le cheval n’a pas survécu. (Traduit par Docteur André Blouin)
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Publication Date: 2009-02-03 PubMed ID: 19183732PubMed Central: PMC2572094
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research discusses a rare case of a horse inflicted with mandibular granulomatous osteomyelitis caused by Halicephalobus gingivalis, and its unsuccessful treatment with Ivermectin.

Introduction to the Case

  • Within the study, an 8-year-old horse was brought to attention due to a noticeable swelling beneath its lower jaw, clinically referred to as a “submandibular swelling”.

Diagnosis

  • A biopsy was obtained from the swollen area to accurately diagnose the underlying condition causing the swelling.
  • The biopsy results brought to light that the horse was suffering from a specific condition known as granulomatous osteomyelitis, which was orchestrated by a nematode called Halicephalobus gingivalis.
  • Granulomatous osteomyelitis is a chronic and severe bone infection. ‘Granulomatous’ refers to the formation of granulomas, which are collections of immune cells that form when the immune system attempts to wall off substances it perceives as foreign but is unable to eliminate.
  • Halicephalobus gingivalis is recognized as a rare and lethal parasite that poses a direct threat to horses, primarily causing neurologic and systemic diseases.

Treatment

  • After diagnosing the horse, there was no evidence suggesting that the infection had influenced the central nervous system. Hence, the chosen course of action for treatment was a medication named Ivermectin.
  • Ivermectin is a broad-spectrum antiparasitic used commonly in veterinary medicine to treat many types of parasite infestations.

Outcome

  • Regrettably, despite the Ivermectin treatment, the horse could not survive the severe infection.
  • This case adds to the literature about the potential severity and treatment resistance of osteomyelitis caused by Halicephalobus gingivalis, especially in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Ferguson R, van Dreumel T, Keystone JS, Manning A, Malatestinic A, Caswell JL, Peregrine AS. (2009). Unsuccessful treatment of a horse with mandibular granulomatous osteomyelitis due to Halicephalobus gingivalis. Can Vet J, 49(11), 1099-1103.

Publication

The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne
ISSN: 0008-5286
NlmUniqueID: 0004653
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 49
Issue: 11
Pages: 1099-1103

Researcher Affiliations

Ferguson, Robin
  • Manning Equine, Erin, Ontario.
van Dreumel, Tony
    Keystone, Jay S
      Manning, Alan
        Malatestinic, Andrea
          Caswell, Jeff L
            Peregrine, Andrew S

              MeSH Terms

              • Animals
              • Antinematodal Agents / therapeutic use
              • Fatal Outcome
              • Granuloma / drug therapy
              • Granuloma / parasitology
              • Granuloma / veterinary
              • Horse Diseases / drug therapy
              • Horse Diseases / parasitology
              • Horses
              • Ivermectin / therapeutic use
              • Male
              • Mandibular Diseases / drug therapy
              • Mandibular Diseases / parasitology
              • Mandibular Diseases / veterinary
              • Osteomyelitis / drug therapy
              • Osteomyelitis / parasitology
              • Osteomyelitis / veterinary
              • Rhabditida Infections / drug therapy
              • Rhabditida Infections / veterinary

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              Citations

              This article has been cited 6 times.
              1. Onyiche TE, Okute TO, Oseni OS, Okoro DO, Biu AA, Mbaya AW. Parasitic and zoonotic meningoencephalitis in humans and equids: Current knowledge and the role of Halicephalobus gingivalis.. Parasite Epidemiol Control 2018 Feb;3(1):36-42.
                doi: 10.1016/j.parepi.2017.12.002pubmed: 29774297google scholar: lookup
              2. Taulescu MA, Ionicã AM, Diugan E, Pavaloiu A, Cora R, Amorim I, Catoi C, Roccabianca P. First report of fatal systemic Halicephalobus gingivalis infection in two Lipizzaner horses from Romania: clinical, pathological, and molecular characterization.. Parasitol Res 2016 Mar;115(3):1097-103.
                doi: 10.1007/s00436-015-4839-7pubmed: 26631187google scholar: lookup
              3. Lim CK, Crawford A, Moore CV, Gasser RB, Nelson R, Koehler AV, Bradbury RS, Speare R, Dhatrak D, Weldhagen GF. First human case of fatal Halicephalobus gingivalis meningoencephalitis in Australia.. J Clin Microbiol 2015 May;53(5):1768-74.
                doi: 10.1128/JCM.00032-15pubmed: 25694532google scholar: lookup
              4. Henneke C, Jespersen A, Jacobsen S, Nielsen MK, McEvoy F, Jensen HE. The distribution pattern of Halicephalobus gingivalis in a horse is suggestive of a haematogenous spread of the nematode.. Acta Vet Scand 2014 Sep 19;56(1):56.
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              5. Jung JY, Lee KH, Rhyoo MY, Byun JW, Bae YC, Choi E, Kim C, Jean YH, Lee MH, Yoon SS. Meningoencephalitis caused by Halicephalobus gingivalis in a thoroughbred gelding.. J Vet Med Sci 2014 Mar 1;76(2):281-4.
                doi: 10.1292/jvms.13-0437pubmed: 24107465google scholar: lookup
              6. Papadi B, Boudreaux C, Tucker JA, Mathison B, Bishop H, Eberhard ME. Halicephalobus gingivalis: a rare cause of fatal meningoencephalomyelitis in humans.. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2013 Jun;88(6):1062-4.
                doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0730pubmed: 23509120google scholar: lookup
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