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Home / Equine Research Bank / Microsc Microanal / Use of Confocal Microscopy to Evaluate Equine Zygote Develop...
Microscopy and microanalysis : the official journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada2017; 23(6); 1197-1206; doi: 10.1017/S1431927617012740

Use of Confocal Microscopy to Evaluate Equine Zygote Development After Sperm Injection of Oocytes Matured In Vivo or In Vitro.

Abstract: Confocal microscopy was used to image stages of equine zygote development, at timed intervals, after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) of oocytes that were matured in vivo or in vitro. After fixation for 4, 6, 8, 12, or 16 h after ICSI, zygotes were incubated with α/β tubulin antibodies and human anticentromere antibody (CREST/ACA), washed, incubated in secondary antibodies, conjugated to either Alexa 488 or Alexa 647, and incubated with 561-Phalloidin and Hoechst 33258. An Olympus IX81 spinning disk confocal microscope was used for imaging. Data were analyzed using χ 2 and Fisher's exact tests. Minor differences in developmental phases were observed for oocytes matured in vivo or in vitro. Oocytes formed pronuclei earlier when matured in vivo (67% at 6 h and 80% at 8 h) than in vitro (13% at 6 and 8 h); 80% of oocytes matured in vitro formed pronuclei by 12 h. More (p=0.04) zygotes had atypical phenotypes, indicative of a failure of normal zygote development, when oocyte maturation occurred in vitro versus in vivo (30 and 11%, respectively). Some potential zygotes from oocytes matured in vivo had normal phenotypes, although development appeared to be delayed or arrested. Confocal microscopy provided a feasible method to assess equine zygote development using limited samples.
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Publication Date: 2017-12-06 PubMed ID: 29208065PubMed Central: PMC5976488DOI: 10.1017/S1431927617012740Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • N.I.H.
  • Extramural
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article is centered on the use of Confocal microscopy in examining the various stages of equine zygote development following the injection of sperm into oocytes that were matured either in vivo or in vitro.

Overview of the Study and Its Key Elements

  • The researchers explored the effectiveness of Confocal microscopy, a highly specialized imaging process, in tracking the progress of equine zygote development. This process was carried out after a highly specialized reproductive process called Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI).
  • The oocytes (female reproductive cells) involved in this study had been matured under two different conditions; some in vivo (in the natural environment within the body), and others in vitro (in a lab setting outside the body).
  • The development of the zygotes was then observed at different time intervals after ICSI.

Method Used in the Research

  • After ICSI, the zygotes were preserved at various time intervals: 4, 6, 8, 12, or 16 hours. They were then treated with specific antibodies, washed, and treated again using secondary antibodies, ancillary to either Alexa 488 or Alexa 647. This was a crucial step in preparing the samples for Confocal microscopy.
  • The process then involved the zygotes being treated with 561-Phalloidin and Hoechst 33258 for clear specimen observation. The Olympus IX81 spinning disk confocal microscope was utilized to image the various stages of zygote development.
  • The data gathered were then dissected using χ2 (Chi-square) and Fisher’s exact tests to derive statistical significance from the observed data points.

Findings and Conclusion

  • The study revealed minor differences in developmental stages of oocytes matured in vivo or in vitro.
  • The oocytes matured in vivo seemed to form pronuclei faster than those matured in vitro. By the 6-hour mark, 67% of in vivo matured oocytes formed pronuclei, compared to just 13% of in vitro matured oocytes.
  • A higher percentage (30%) of zygotes had abnormal phenotypes, indicative of inadequate zygote development, when the oocyte maturation occurred in vitro when compared to in vivo (11%). However, even some potential zygotes from oocytes matured in vivo showed normal phenotypes, although development appeared to be slow or stalled.
  • The results serve as an assertion that Confocal microscopy provides a practical way to monitor equine zygote development using a limited number of samples.

Cite This Article

APA
Ruggeri E, DeLuca KF, Galli C, Lazzari G, DeLuca JG, Stokes JE, Carnevale EM. (2017). Use of Confocal Microscopy to Evaluate Equine Zygote Development After Sperm Injection of Oocytes Matured In Vivo or In Vitro. Microsc Microanal, 23(6), 1197-1206. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927617012740

Publication

Microscopy and microanalysis : the official journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada
ISSN: 1435-8115
NlmUniqueID: 9712707
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 23
Issue: 6
Pages: 1197-1206

Researcher Affiliations

Ruggeri, Elena
  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences,Colorado State University,1693 Campus Delivery,Fort Collins,CO 80523,USA.
DeLuca, Keith F
  • 3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,Colorado State University,1870 Campus Delivery,Fort Collins,CO 80523,USA.
Galli, Cesare
  • 4Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies,Avantea,Via Porcellasco 7f,26100,Cremona,Italy.
Lazzari, Giovanna
  • 4Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies,Avantea,Via Porcellasco 7f,26100,Cremona,Italy.
DeLuca, Jennifer G
  • 3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,Colorado State University,1870 Campus Delivery,Fort Collins,CO 80523,USA.
Stokes, Joanne E
  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences,Colorado State University,1693 Campus Delivery,Fort Collins,CO 80523,USA.
Carnevale, Elaine M
  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences,Colorado State University,1693 Campus Delivery,Fort Collins,CO 80523,USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Fertilization
  • Horses
  • Microinjections
  • Microscopy, Confocal / methods
  • Microscopy, Fluorescence / methods
  • Time Factors
  • Zygote / cytology
  • Zygote / growth & development

Grant Funding

  • R01 GM088371 / NIGMS NIH HHS

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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Salgado RM, Brom-de-Luna JG, Resende HL, Canesin HS, Hinrichs K. Lower blastocyst quality after conventional vs. Piezo ICSI in the horse reflects delayed sperm component remodeling and oocyte activation. J Assist Reprod Genet 2018 May;35(5):825-840.
    doi: 10.1007/s10815-018-1174-9pubmed: 29637506google scholar: lookup
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