Use of right ventricular pressure increase rate to evaluate cardiac contractility in horses.
Abstract: To establish reference values for right ventricular maximal rate of increase in pressure (dP/dt(max)) in horses and determine the usefulness of this variable to evaluate cardiac contractility. Methods: 15 crossbred horses, 3 to 20 years old. Methods: Cardiac catheterization was performed, using a high-fidelity catheter tip micromanometer, to determine right ventricular dP/dt(max). The following mathematic corrections were made: for preload, (dP/dt(max))/instantaneous total pressure, (dP/dt(max))/instantaneous developed pressure, and (dP/dt(max))/end diastolic pressure; for afterload, (dP/dtCPIP)/common peak isovolumic pressure. Wedge pressure was measured simultaneously, using a Swan-Ganz catheter. A negative inotropic drug, detomidine hydrochloride, was administered to 6 horses to examine the effect of the negative inotropic drug on right ventricular dP/dt(max) and derived variables. Results: The mean right ventricular dP/dt(max) was 477 (+/- 84.1) mm Hg/s in 15 horses. A 40% decrease in dP/dt(max) was found for 30 minutes after detomidine administration. Variables that correct for preload and afterload were influenced similarly. Detomidine administration also caused a 24% increase in mean wedge pressure, probably indicating reduced left-sided cardiac contractility. Conclusions: Right ventricular dP/dt(max) may be a useful clinical variable for determining acute changes in cardiac contractility in horses.
Publication Date: 2000-01-06 PubMed ID: 10622159
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research paper discusses the development of reference values for the right ventricular maximal rate of increase in pressure (dP/dt(max)) in horses, for use as a clinical variable in assessing the severity of changes in cardiac contractility. The method includes cardiac catheterization on 15 mixed-breed horses aged between 3 to 20 years.
Methods
- Cardiac catheterization was executed using a high-fidelity catheter tip micromanometer. The process was conducted to determine the right ventricular dP/dt(max), which is the maximal rate at which pressure inside the right ventricle of the heart increases.
- Several mathematical corrections were made to adjust for factors including preload, which refers to the stretch exerted on the heart muscle before it contracts, and afterload, which is the amount of resistance the heart must overcome to eject blood.
- Wedge pressure, the pressure measured in the pulmonary artery, was recorded simultaneously using a Swan-Ganz catheter.
- To further test the impact of a negative inotropic drug – in this case, detomidine hydrochloride – on the right ventricular dP/dt(max) and related variables, it was administered to six of the horses. Negative inotropic drugs reduce the force of the heart’s contractions.
Results
- A mean right ventricular dP/dt(max) reading of 477 (+/- 84.1) mm Hg/s was found across the 15 horses.
- The administration of the negative inotropic drug detomidine hydrochloride resulted in a 40% decrease in dP/dt(max) for 30 minutes afterwards. The variables adjusting for preload and afterload were similarly influenced.
- The same administration of detomidine resulted in a 24% increase in mean wedge pressure, potentially indicating a decrease in left-sided cardiac contractility.
Conclusions
- Based on the results, the researchers concluded that right ventricular dP/dt(max) could potentially be a useful clinical variable for assessing acute changes in cardiac contractility in horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Nollet H, Van Loon G, Deprez P, Sustronck B, Muylle E.
(2000).
Use of right ventricular pressure increase rate to evaluate cardiac contractility in horses.
Am J Vet Res, 60(12), 1508-1512.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Biology of Large Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ghent, Merelbeke, Belgium.
MeSH Terms
- Analgesics / pharmacology
- Animals
- Cardiac Catheterization / veterinary
- Depression, Chemical
- Female
- Horses / physiology
- Imidazoles / pharmacology
- Isoenzymes
- L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / analysis
- Male
- Myocardial Contraction / drug effects
- Pressure
- Ventricular Function
Citations
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