Uterine culture in mares.

This research article discusses the process of obtaining samples for uterine culture in mares, how to handle and test these samples, and the interpretation of the results to guide treatment decisions.

Sampling Process

• The article describes the safe and sterile process of obtaining a uterine sample from a mare for culturing. This is done using a guarded, sterile swab.
• The mare is placed in stocks, and the perineum is cleaned. Then, with a gloved hand, the researcher inserts the culture rod into the vagina and guides it through the cervix.
• Once in position, the guard cap is dislodged, and the swab is used to collect samples from the endometrium. After this, the rod is removed.
• The research emphasizes that samples for uterine culture should be obtained only during a mare’s full estrus, ensuring optimal conditions for sample collection.

Sample Handling and Testing

• The swabs should be plated onto agar within two hours of collection to ensure the validity of the results.
• Blood agar is recommended for initial testing. However, depending on the type of microbe being investigated, specialized types of agar may be used to expedite identification.
• The agar plates are then incubated at 37 degrees Celsius and checked every 12 hours for microbial growth.

Data Interpretation and Treatment Decisions

• The type and amount of bacterial colonies grown on the agar plates, along with the mare’s medical history and clinical signs, guide the veterinarian’s decisions regarding treatments.
• Pure, significant bacterial growth typically corresponds with clinical signs of infection, suggesting the need for treatment.
• Endometrial smears can assist in determining the significance of moderate bacterial growth. If a large number of neutrophils are present, antibiotic therapy may be necessary.
• If sampling reveals mixed bacterial growth or inconsistent numbers of neutrophils, it may indicate the sample was not collected properly. In such cases, microaerophilic or anaerobic cultures may provide additional diagnostic insights.