Validation of exercise-response genes in skeletal muscle cells of Thoroughbred racing horses.
Abstract: To understand the athletic characteristics of Thoroughbreds, high-throughput analysis has been conducted using horse muscle tissue. However, an in vitro system has been lacking for studying and validating genes from in silico data. The aim of this study is to validate genes from differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of our previous RNA-sequencing data in vitro. Also, we investigated the effects of exercise-induced stress including heat, oxidative, hypoxic and cortisol stress on horse skeletal muscle derived cells with the top six upregulated genes of DEGs. Enriched pathway analysis was conducted using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) tool with upregulated genes in horse skeletal muscle tissue after exercise. Among the candidates, the top six genes were analysed through geneMANIA to investigate gene networks. Muscle cells derived from neonatal horse skeletal tissue were maintained and subjected to exercise-related stressors. Transcriptional changes in the top six genes followed by stressors were investigated using qRT-PCR. The inflammation response pathway was the most commonly upregulated pathway after horse exercise. Under non-cytotoxic conditions of exercise-related stressors, the transcriptional response of the top six genes was different among types of stress. Oxidative stress yielded the most similar expression pattern to DEGs. Our results indicate that transcriptional change after horse exercise in skeletal muscle tissue strongly relates to stress response. qRT-PCR results showed that stressors contribute differently to the transcriptional regulation. These results would be valuable information to understand horse exercise in the stress aspect.
Publication Date: 2020-02-14 PubMed ID: 31011008PubMed Central: PMC7888507DOI: 10.5713/ajas.18.0749Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research explores the effect of exercise-induced stress on the muscle cells of Thoroughbred racehorses. The researchers sought to validate genes from previously identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) while assessing how various types of stress impact muscle tissues.
Research Objectives
- The main objective of this research was to validate the genes found among differentially expressed genes (DEGs) through in vitro testing. This data was previously gathered using RNA-sequencing.
- Additionally, the researchers wanted to investigate the effects of various exercise-induced stressors, namely heat, oxidative, hypoxic, and cortisol stress, on horse skeletal muscle cells.
- The top six upregulated genes from the DEGs were studied with a focus on their responses to these stressors.
Methodology
- For the research, muscle cells were derived from the skeletal tissue of newborn horses. These cells were then subjected to the aforementioned exercise-related stressors.
- An analytical tool known as the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) was used to conduct an enriched pathway analysis on these genes following exercise.
- GeneMANIA, a tool that generates hypotheses about gene function, relationships and the networks that they operate in, was used to analyze the top six genes amongst the candidates.
- Transcriptional changes in these six genes post-stressor exposure were examined using qRT-PCR, a commonly used technique for detecting RNA expression.
Findings
- The inflammation response pathway was most frequently upregulated following exercise stress in horse muscle tissue.
- In non-cytotoxic conditions of exercise-related stressors, the six genes showed varying transcriptional responses depending on the stress type.
- Oxidative stress was found to produce an expression pattern most closely matching the DEGs.
Conclusion
- The findings showed that changes in transcription after horse exercise in skeletal muscle tissue are strongly tied to stress response.
- The transcriptional regulation of the top six genes differed based on the type of stressor.
- The study’s results could be invaluable for better understanding equine exercise from the angle of stress.
Cite This Article
APA
Kim DH, Lee HG, Sp N, Kang DY, Jang KJ, Lee HK, Cho BW, Yang YM.
(2020).
Validation of exercise-response genes in skeletal muscle cells of Thoroughbred racing horses.
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci, 34(1), 134-142.
https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.18.0749 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea.
- Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea.
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea.
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea.
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea.
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, South Korea.
- Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea.
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea.
Conflict of Interest Statement
. We certify that there is no conflict of interest with any financial organization regarding the material discussed in this manuscript.
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Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Park JW, Kim KH, Choi JK, Park TS, Song KD, Cho BW. Regulation of toll-like receptors expression in muscle cells by exercise-induced stress.. Anim Biosci 2021 Oct;34(10):1590-1599.
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