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Whole genomic analyses of equine group A rotaviruses from Japan: evidence for bovine-to-equine interspecies transmission and reassortment events.
Abstract: Equine group A rotaviruses (RVA) are a major cause of severe diarrhea in foals. The whole genomes of only six common and three unusual equine RVA strains have been analyzed so far. To date, there are no reports on whole genomic analyses of equine RVAs from Asian countries. We report here the whole genomic analyses of three common (strains RVA/Horse-tc/JPN/BI/1981/G3P[12], RVA/Horse-tc/JPN/HH-22/1989/G3P[12] and RVA/Horse-tc/JPN/CH-3/1987/G14P[12]) and an unusual (RVA/Horse-tc/JPN/OH-4/1982/G6P[5]) equine RVA strains isolated from diarrheic foals in Japan. Strains BI, HH-22 and CH-3 shared a largely conserved genotype constellation (G3/G14-P[12]-I2/I6-R2-C2-M3-A10-N2-T3-E2-H7) with each other and with those of common equine RVAs from other continents. Phylogenetically, most of the genes of BI, HH-22 and CH-3 were closely related to those of other common equine RVAs. On the other hand, the NSP2 genes of BI and CH-3 formed a distinct lineage, and were distantly related to the other, major equine RVA cluster within the NSP2-N2 genotype. The NSP4 gene of HH-22 appeared to originate from possible reassortment events involving common equine RVAs and co-circulating bovine or bovine-like equine RVAs, revealing the presence of a bovine RVA-like NSP4 gene on a typical equine RVA genetic backbone. All the 11 gene segments of the unusual equine RVA strain OH-4 were found to be more closely related to those of bovine and bovine-like human RVAs than to those of other RVAs, providing the first conclusive evidence for artiodactyl(likely bovine)-to-equine interspecies transmission events. Taken together, these observations provided important insights into the genetic diversity of equine RVAs.
Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2013-07-26 PubMed ID: 23938116DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.07.016Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research paper deals with the genetic analyses of equine group A rotaviruses (RVA) from Japan, and provides evidence for interspecies transmission from bovine to equine, as well as genetic reassortment events.
Objective of the Study
- The major goal of this study was to perform whole genomic analyses on four strains of equine group A rotaviruses (RVA) isolated from diarrheic foals in Japan.
- They aimed to provide insights into the genetic diversity of equine RVAs and uncover evidence of interspecies transmission from bovine to equine and genetic reassortment events.
Methodology
- The researchers analyzed the genome of three common equine RVA strains and one unusual strain. These were isolated from foals in Japan suffering from diarrhea.
- They used phylogenetic analyses to study the genetic relationships between the strains and other common equine RVA strains already documented from other parts of the world.
Findings
- The researchers found that the three common RVA strains (BI, HH-22, and CH-3) shared a largely conserved genotype.
- Most of the genes of these strains were closely related to other common equine RVA strains from other continents.
- However, the NSP2 genes of BI and CH-3 formed a distinct lineage, indicating they had diverged from other common equine RVA strains.
- Closer examination revealed that the NSP4 gene of HH-22 likely originated from a reassortment event involving common equine RVAs and bovine or bovine-like RVAs, representing evidence of interspecies transmission from bovine to equine.
- All gene segments of the unusual strain OH-4 were more closely related to bovine and bovine-like human RVAs than to other RVA strains, reinforcing the evidence for bovine-to-equine interspecies transmission.
Conclusion
- This study provides valuable insights into the genetic diversity of equine RVA strains from Japan. It also offers strong evidence for bovine-to-equine interspecies transmission and reassortment events.
- The findings suggest the potential for significant genetic flexibility and diversity in RVAs, with potential implications for disease transmission and vaccine development.
Cite This Article
APA
Ghosh S, Taniguchi K, Aida S, Ganesh B, Kobayashi N.
(2013).
Whole genomic analyses of equine group A rotaviruses from Japan: evidence for bovine-to-equine interspecies transmission and reassortment events.
Vet Microbiol, 166(3-4), 474-485.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.07.016 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. souvikrota@gmail.com
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Cattle
- Cattle Diseases / transmission
- Cattle Diseases / virology
- Genetic Variation
- Genome, Viral
- Genomics
- Genotype
- Horse Diseases / transmission
- Horse Diseases / virology
- Horses
- Japan
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Phylogeny
- Recombination, Genetic
- Rotavirus / classification
- Rotavirus / genetics
- Rotavirus / isolation & purification
- Rotavirus Infections / transmission
- Rotavirus Infections / veterinary
- Rotavirus Infections / virology
- Viral Proteins / genetics
Citations
This article has been cited 10 times.- Aksoy E, Azkur AK. Genome characterization of a Turkish bovine rotavirus field isolate by shotgun metagenomics. Arch Virol 2023 May 12;168(6):159.
- Díaz Alarcón RG, Liotta DJ, Miño S. Zoonotic RVA: State of the Art and Distribution in the Animal World. Viruses 2022 Nov 18;14(11).
- Pathak A, Gulati BR, Maan S, Mor S, Kumar D, Soman R, Punia S, Chaudhary D, Khurana SK. Complete Genome Sequencing Reveals Unusual Equine Rotavirus A of Bat Origin from India. J Virol 2022 Oct 26;96(20):e0140822.
- Hasan MA, Kabir MH, Miyaoka Y, Yamaguchi M, Takehara K. G and P genotype profiles of rotavirus a field strains circulating in a vaccinated bovine farm as parameters for assessing biosecurity level. J Vet Med Sci 2022 Jul 1;84(7):929-937.
- Duarte Júnior JWB, Chagas EHN, Serra ACS, Souto LCDS, da Penha Júnior ET, Bandeira RDS, E Guimarães RJPS, Oliveira HGDS, Sousa TKS, Lopes CTA, Domingues SFS, Pinheiro HHC, Malik YS, Salvarani FM, Mascarenhas JDP. Ocurrence of rotavirus and picobirnavirus in wild and exotic avian from amazon forest. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021 Sep;15(9):e0008792.
- Nemoto M, Matsumura T. Equine rotavirus infection. J Equine Sci 2021 Mar;32(1):1-9.
- Prutton JSW, Barnum S, Pusterla N. Evaluation of safety, humoral immune response and faecal shedding in horses inoculated with a modified-live bovine coronavirus vaccination. Equine Vet Educ 2020 Aug;32(Suppl 11):33-36.
- Ghosh S, Kobayashi N. Exotic rotaviruses in animals and rotaviruses in exotic animals. Virusdisease 2014;25(2):158-72.
- Ma Y, Wen X, Hoshino Y, Yuan L. Cloning and nucleotide sequence analyses of 11 genome segments of two American and one British equine rotavirus strains. Vet Microbiol 2015 Mar 23;176(1-2):172-8.
- Uprety T, Soni S, Sreenivasan C, Hause BM, Naveed A, Ni S, Graves AJ, Morrow JK, Meade N, Mellits KH, Adam E, Kennedy MA, Wang D, Li F. Genetic and antigenic characterization of two diarrhoeicdominant rotavirus A genotypes G3P[12] and G14P[12] circulating in the global equine population. J Gen Virol 2024 Aug;105(8).
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