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Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire1991; 55(4); 310-314;

Xanthine oxidase formation during experimental ischemia of the equine small intestine.

Abstract: We hypothesized that xanthine oxidase plays a role in the postischemic reperfusion injury in the equine small intestine. Under anesthesia, four horses and two ponies underwent ischemic strangulating obstructions of segments of the proximal jejunum, mid-jejunum and ileum. Prior to vascular occlusion, and at 1 h and 2 h of ischemia, full-thickness intestinal biopsies were collected for histopathological evaluation and for determination of combined xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) plus xanthine oxidase (XO) activity, and XO activity alone. The level of XO activity was expressed in percentage according to the ratio of XO/(XDH + XO). We found a nearly threefold increase in the combined level of XDH plus XO activity from ileum to duodenum (p less than 0.04). However, the preischemic level of % XO activity did not vary significantly (p = 0.61) between segments of jejuno-ileum. Likewise, no significant difference was noted between intestinal segments after ischemia. Therefore, the data from all intestinal segments were pooled for each time and analyzed using Wilcoxon's signed rank test (one-tailed). Compared to the pre-ischemic level of % XO activity (median 27%), the % XO activity increased after 1 h of ischemia (median 37.0%), reaching statistical significance (p = 0.016). There were no statistical differences between the preischemic % XO activity and the % XO activity in non-ischemic bowel at the end of the anesthetic period. During ischemia, % XO activity increased, which lends credence to the importance of xanthine oxidase in previously-documented reperfusion injury in the equine small intestine.
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Publication Date: 1991-10-01 PubMed ID: 1790484PubMed Central: PMC1263475
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates the role of xanthine oxidase in post-ischemic reperfusion injury in the small intestines of horses and ponies. After inducing ischemic obstructions in these animals, the study observed a significant increase in xanthine oxidase activity, which supports the involvement this enzyme in reperfusion injuries.

Research Context and Hypothesis

  • The study hypothesized that xanthine oxidase is involved in post-ischemic reperfusion injury in the small intestine of horses and ponies. Post-ischemic reperfusion injury occurs when the blood supply returns to the tissue after a period of ischemia or lack of oxygen. This sudden return often leads to cellular damage and inflammation.

Experimental Procedure

  • Four horses and two ponies were anesthetized, and experimentally induced ischemic obstructions of segments of the proximal jejunum, mid-jejunum, and ileum were conducted.
  • Full-thickness intestinal biopsies were collected at three different times: before vascular obstruction, and 1 hour and 2 hours after ischemia.
  • The biopsies were used for histopathological evaluation and measuring of combined xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) plus xanthine oxidase (XO) activity and XO activity alone.
  • The level of XO activity was expressed as a percentage according to the ratio of XO/(XDH + XO).

Results and Analysis

  • The research found a nearly threefold increase of combined XDH + XO from ileum to duodenum.
  • No significant difference was observed in the % XO activity between the different segments of the jejuno-ileum, either before ischemia or after ischemia.
  • An increase in % XO activity was observed after 1h of ischemia compared to the pre-ischemic level; this ran statistically significant.
  • There were no statistically significant differences in % XO activity between pre-ischemic intestinal segments and non-ischemic bowel at the end of the anesthetic period.

Conclusion

  • Despite not seeing a significant difference in XO activity across different intestinal segments, the researchers found a significant increase during ischemia. This supported the hypothesis that xanthine oxidase may play a crucial role in reperfusion injury in the equine small intestine.

Cite This Article

APA
Prichard M, Ducharme NG, Wilkins PA, Erb HN, Butt M. (1991). Xanthine oxidase formation during experimental ischemia of the equine small intestine. Can J Vet Res, 55(4), 310-314.

Publication

Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire
ISSN: 0830-9000
NlmUniqueID: 8607793
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 55
Issue: 4
Pages: 310-314

Researcher Affiliations

Prichard, M
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853.
Ducharme, N G
    Wilkins, P A
      Erb, H N
        Butt, M

          MeSH Terms

          • Animals
          • Biopsy / veterinary
          • Horse Diseases / enzymology
          • Horse Diseases / etiology
          • Horses
          • Intestine, Small / blood supply
          • Intestine, Small / enzymology
          • Intestine, Small / pathology
          • Ischemia / complications
          • Ischemia / enzymology
          • Ischemia / veterinary
          • Reperfusion Injury / etiology
          • Reperfusion Injury / veterinary
          • Xanthine Dehydrogenase / metabolism
          • Xanthine Oxidase / biosynthesis

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          Citations

          This article has been cited 8 times.
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