Omneity® Pellets
All-In-One Vitamin & Mineral Pellet
Xylazine-ketamine and detomidine-tiletamine-zolazepam anesthesia in horses.
Abstract: Eight horses were anesthetized three times, by intravenous administration of xylazine (1.1 mg/kg) and ketamine (2.2 mg/kg), detomidine (0.02 mg/kg) and tiletamine-zolazepam (1.1 mg/kg), or detomidine (0.04 mg/kg) and tiletamine-zolazepam (1.4 mg/kg). The sequences were randomized. The duration of analgesia and the times to sternal and standing positions were recorded. Heart rate, arterial pressure, pHa, PaCO2, and PaO2 were measured before and during anesthesia. The duration of analgesia with the two doses of detomidine-tiletamine-zolazepam, 26 +/- 4 minutes and 39 +/- 11 minutes, respectively, was significantly longer than the 13 +/- 6 minutes obtained with xylazine-ketamine. Bradycardia occurred after administration of detomidine, but heart rates returned to baseline values 5 minutes after administration of tiletamine and zolazepam. Arterial pressure was significantly higher and PaO2 significantly lower during anesthesia with detomidine-tiletamine-zolazepam than with xylazine-ketamine. Some respiratory acidosis developed with all anesthetic combinations. The authors conclude that detomidine-tiletamine-zolazepam can provide comparable anesthesia of a longer duration than xylazine and ketamine, but hypoxemia will develop in some horses.
Publication Date: 1992-07-01 PubMed ID: 1455641DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.1992.tb00072.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The research article is about an experiment on horses, comparing two anesthesia combinations: xylazine-ketamine and detomidine-tiletamine-zolazepam. The study found that the detomidine-tiletamine-zolazepam combination provided a longer anesthesia duration than xylazine-ketamine.
Objective of the Research
This research was conducted with the objective of comparing the efficacy of two different anesthesia combinations on horses. The combinations being studied were xylazine-ketamine and detomidine-tiletamine-zolazepam. The experiment assessed the duration of analgesia, recovery times, and vital signs during anesthesia.
Methodology
- The study involved eight horses, each of which was anesthetized three times using one of the two combinations.
- The dosages used for each anesthetic solution were:
- xylazine (1.1 mg/kg) and ketamine (2.2 mg/kg)
- detomidine (0.02 mg/kg) and tiletamine-zolazepam (1.1 mg/kg) or
- detomidine (0.04 mg/kg) and tiletamine-zolazepam (1.4 mg/kg)
- The orders in which the combinations were applied were randomized.
- Measurements taken include:
- Duration of analgesia
- Recovery times, including the time to reach stable sternal and standing positions
- Vital signs – heart rate, arterial pressure, blood pH, and partial pressures of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and oxygen (PaO2)
Findings
- The duration of analgesia with the detomidine-tiletamine-zolazepam combination was significantly longer than with the xylazine-ketamine combination.
- Bradycardia or slowing down of heart rate occurred after administration of detomidine, but heart rates returned to baseline values 5 minutes after administration of tiletamine and zolazepam.
- Arterial pressure was higher and oxygen levels (PaO2) were lower during anesthesia with the detomidine-tiletamine-zolazepam combination as opposed to the xylazine-ketamine combination.
- Respiratory acidosis (an imbalance in the body’s acid-base causing too much acid in the blood) developed with all anesthetic combinations.
Conclusion
The researchers concluded that detomidine-tiletamine-zolazepam can provide anesthesia of a longer duration than xylazine and ketamine. However, hypoxemia (low oxygen levels) can develop in some horses with the former combination.
Cite This Article
APA
Wan PY, Trim CM, Mueller PO.
(1992).
Xylazine-ketamine and detomidine-tiletamine-zolazepam anesthesia in horses.
Vet Surg, 21(4), 312-318.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950x.1992.tb00072.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens.
MeSH Terms
- Analgesia / veterinary
- Anesthesia / veterinary
- Anesthetics / adverse effects
- Animals
- Drug Combinations
- Female
- Hemodynamics
- Horses / physiology
- Imidazoles
- Injections, Intravenous / veterinary
- Ketamine
- Male
- Random Allocation
- Tiletamine
- Xylazine
- Zolazepam
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Kerr CL, McDonell WN, Young SS. A comparison of romifidine and xylazine when used with diazepam/ketamine for short duration anesthesia in the horse. Can Vet J 1996 Oct;37(10):601-9.
- Lambertini C, Boanini E, Casalini I, Spaccini F, Rinnovati R, Romagnoli N. Comparison of Ketamine/Diazepam and Tiletamine/Zolazepam Combinations for Anaesthesia Induction in Horses Undergoing Partial Intravenous Anaesthesia (PIVA): A Retrospective Clinical Study. Vet Sci 2024 Nov 30;11(12).
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
