Z-Bar Shoeing Demonstrates Potential for Long-Term Foot Pain Management during an Exercise Training Regimen in a Show Jumping Pony with Uniaxial Palmar Pain.
Abstract: Z-bar shoeing has been implemented to relieve uniaxial palmar pain arising from the structures in the affected region. However, there have been no reports on the long-term application of the z-bar shoe during exercise training regimens. A 10-year-old mixed-breed show jumping pony presented with an occasional short stride and abnormal rhythm while turning during routine exercise for three months. Gait analysis conducted by trotting off on both hard and soft surfaces showed no lameness in the straight line on both types of surfaces. However, right forelimb lameness was detected with moderate and slight pain accompanying hard surface lunging in clockwise and counterclockwise directions, respectively. Sequential examination of uniaxial perineural anaesthesia confirmed that the pony suffered from medial palmar pain on the right foreleg. Mild distal border irregularity of the navicular bone was also observed radiographically. The z-bar shoe was designed relative to the palmar digital anaesthesia and subsequently applied on the lame leg. The pony demonstrated a marked reduction in lameness severity immediately post-Z-bar shoeing. Physical exercise was resumed a few days after the shoeing practice. The pony underwent routine exercise training while continuously fitting with the Z-bar shoe for 24 weeks without recurrent lameness or complications. Application of z-bar shoe showed the potential for long-term foot pain management during an exercise training regimen in a show jumping pony with uniaxial palmar pain.
Copyright © 2022 Kanokpan Sanigavatee et al.
Publication Date: 2022-04-13 PubMed ID: 35465448PubMed Central: PMC9020972DOI: 10.1155/2022/8468403Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Case Reports
- Journal Article
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
This research article investigates the long-term effects of z-bar shoeing, a method used for pain relief, in the context of a show jumping pony experiencing foot pain. The study found that this technique potentially has value for managing long-term foot pain in such circumstances.
Background and Objective
- The research focused on understanding the long-term impact of a technique known as “Z-bar shoeing” in managing uniaxial palmar pain, which originates from certain structures in the affected area.
- Theretofore, there had been no detailed reports on the ongoing use of Z-bar shoeing in exercise training schedules.
Case Details
- The subject of the study was a 10-year-old mixed breed show-jumping pony. The animal had been demonstrating sporadic short strides and abnormal rhythm while performing mundane exercises for three months.
- A trotting gait analysis on a mix of hard and soft surfaces revealed that there was no noticeable lameness when the pony moved in a straight line on either ground types.
- When lunged on a hard surface in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions, the pony, however, exhibited right forelimb lameness, which was more pronounced in one direction than the other.
Diagnosis and Intervention
- A sequence of specific tests with anaesthesia showed that the animal had medial palmar pain in its right foreleg.
- A further radiographic diagnosis showed a slight irregularity on the border of the pony’s navicular bone.
- Post diagnosis, a custom Z-bar shoe was used on the lame leg. It was designed to resonate with the palmar digital anaesthesia.
Outcome and Conclusion
- Immediately after the Z-bar shoeing, the severity of the horse’s lameness visibly reduced.
- The horse resumed physical exercise a few days after the shoeing and did not show any recurrent lameness or complications.
- The horse performed its usual training exercises for 24 weeks continuously with the Z-bar shoe without any recurring issues.
- The research thus established that Z-bar shoeing has potential for managing long-term foot pain, specifically during exercise training regimen in ponies with uniaxial palmar pain.
Cite This Article
APA
Sanigavatee K, Poochipakorn C, Charoenchanikran P, Joongpan W, Chanda M.
(2022).
Z-Bar Shoeing Demonstrates Potential for Long-Term Foot Pain Management during an Exercise Training Regimen in a Show Jumping Pony with Uniaxial Palmar Pain.
Case Rep Vet Med, 2022, 8468403.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8468403 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Veterinary Clinical Studies Program, The Graduate School, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
- Veterinary Clinical Studies Program, The Graduate School, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
- 29th Cavalry Squadron Royal Horse Guard, King's Guard, 2nd Cavalry Brigade, Royal Thai Army, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-Ok, Chonburi, Thailand.
- Department of Large Animal and Wildlife Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
Conflict of Interest Statement
No competing interest has been declared.
References
This article includes 30 references
- Turner T. Shoeing principles for the management of navicular disease in horses.. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 1986;189(3):298–301.
- Dabareiner RM, Carter GK. Diagnosis, treatment, and farriery for horses with chronic heel pain.. The Veterinary clinics of North America Equine practice 2003;19(2):417–441.
- Dyson S, Murray R, Schramme ML. Lameness associated with foot pain: results of magnetic resonance imaging in 199 horses (January 2001-December 2003) and response to treatment.. Equine veterinary journal 2005;37(2):113–121.
- Gutierrez-Nibeyro S, White Ii N, Werpy N. Outcome of medical treatment for horses with foot pain: 56 cases.. Equine veterinary journal 2010;42(8):680–685.
- Hunt RJ. Clinical evaluation and diagnosis of palmar foot pain. Proceedings 2006.
- Schumacher J, Taylor D, Schramme MC, Schumacher J. Localization of pain in the equine foot emphasizing the physical examination and analgesic techniques. AAEP Proceedings 2012.
- Schumacher J, Livesey L, De Graves FJ. Effect of anaesthesia of the palmar digital nerves on proximal interphalangeal joint pain in the horse.. Equine veterinary journal 2004;36(5):409–414.
- McGuigan M, Wilson A. The effect of bilateral palmar digital nerve analgesia on the compressive force experienced by the navicular bone in horses with navicular disease.. Equine Veterinary Journal 2001;33(2):166–171.
- O'Grady SE. Strategies for shoeing the horse with palmar foot pain.. 52nd Annual Convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners 2006; San Antonio (TX). pp. 209–217.
- Schumacher J, Steiger R, Schumacher J. Effects of analgesia of the distal interphalangeal joint or palmar digital nerves on lameness caused by solar pain in horses.. Veterinary surgery 2000;29(1):54–58.
- Biggi M, Blunden T, Dyson S. Can distal border fragments of the navicular bone be a primary cause of lameness?. Equine Veterinary Education 2013;25(7):347–351.
- Hunt RJ. Farriery for the hoof with low or underrun heels.. Veterinary Clinics: Equine Practice 2012;28(2):351–364.
- Schoonover MJ, Jann HW, Blaik MA. Quantitative comparison of three commonly used treatments for navicular syndrome in horses.. American journal of veterinary research 2005;66(7):1247–1251.
- O’Grady SE. How to repair a quarter crack. Proceedings 2001.
- Dutton D, Lashnits K, Wegner K. Managing severe hoof pain in a horse using multimodal analgesia and a modified composite pain score.. Equine veterinary education 2009;21(1):37–43.
- Chanda M, Senarat W, Thongkam E, Kanthavichit K, Puangthong C. Unilateral perineural anaesthesia on the lame leg facilitates the selection of z bar shoeing technique for the treatment of navicular syndrome.. Journal of Applied Animal Research 2019;47(1):154–158.
- Chanda M, Puangthong C, Sanigavatee K, Kiawwan R, Krungthongpatthana W. The effect of the z-bar shoeing method on surface dimension of the hoof wall and time required for therapeutic shoeing in three horses with a sheared heel.. Journal of Applied Animal Research 2020;48(1):406–412.
- Kester W. Guide for Veterinary Service and Judging of Equestrian Events. Am Assoc Equine Pract (AAEP) 1991. Definition and Classification of Lameness.
- Turner TA, Sage AM. Desmitis of the distal interphalangeal collateral ligaments: 22 cases. American Association of Equine Practitioners 2002.
- Zubrod CJ, Schneider RK, Tucker RL, Gavin PR, Ragle CA, Farnsworth KD. Use of magnetic resonance imaging for identifying subchondral bone damage in horses: 11 cases (1999–2003). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 2004;224(3):411–418.
- Schmotzer WB, Timm KI. Local anesthetic techniques for diagnosis of lameness.. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice 1990;6(3):705–728.
- Murray RC, Schramme MC, Dyson SJ, Branch MV, Blunden TS. Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of the foot in horses with palmar foot pain and control horses.. Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound 2006;47(1):1–16.
- Calislar T, St CL. Observations on the navicular bursa and the distal interphalangeal joint cavity of the horse.. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 1969;154:410–412.
- Pleasant RS, Moll HD, Ley WB, Lessard P, Warnick LD. Intra-articular anesthesia of the distal interphalangeal joint alleviates lameness associated with the navicular bursa in horses.. Veterinary Surgery 1997;26(2):137–140.
- Keegan KG. Evidence-based lameness detection and quantification.. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice 2007;23(2):403–423.
- Murray R, Mair T. Use of magnetic resonance imaging in lameness diagnosis in the horse.. In practice 2005;27(3):138–146.
- Wilson A, Seelig T, Shield R, Silverman B. The effect of foot imbalance on point of force application in the horse.. Equine veterinary journal 1998;30(6):540–545.
- Wiggers N, Nauwelaerts SL, Hobbs SJ, Bool S, Wolschrijn CF, Back W. Functional locomotor consequences of uneven forefeet for trot symmetry in individual riding horses.. PLoS One 2015;10(2, article e0114836).
- Jeffcott L, Holmes M, Townsend H. Validity of saddle pressure measurements using force- sensing array technology --preliminary studies.. The Veterinary Journal 1999;158(2):113–119.
- Lovett T, Hodson-Tole E, Nankervis K. A preliminary investigation of rider position during walk, trot and canter.. Equine and Comparative Exercise Physiology 2005;2(2):71–76.
Citations
This article has been cited 0 times.Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
