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Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology1996; 4(3); 218-225; doi: 10.1007/BF02254963

Zoo-FISH delineates conserved chromosomal segments in horse and man.

Abstract: Human chromosome specific libraries (CSLs) were individually applied to equine metaphase chromosomes using the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique. All CSLs, except Y, showed painting signals on one or several horse chromosomes. In total 43 conserved chromosomal segments were painted. Homoeology could not, however, be detected for some segments of the equine genome. This is most likely related to the very weak signals displayed by some libraries, rather than to the absence of similarity with the human genome. In spite of divergence from the human genome, dated 70-80 million years ago, a fairly high degree of synteny conservation was observed. In seven cases, whole chromosome synteny was detected between the two species. The comparative painting results agreed completely with the limited gene mapping data available in horses, and also enabled us provisionally to assign one linkage group (U2) and one syntenic group (NP, MPI, IDH2) to specific equine chromosomes. Chromosomal assignments of three other syntenic groups are also proposed. The findings of this study will be of significant use in the expansion of the hitherto poorly developed equine gene map.
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Publication Date: 1996-04-01 PubMed ID: 8793207DOI: 10.1007/BF02254963Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Comparative Study
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research focuses on the application of human chromosome specific libraries to equine (horse) metaphase chromosomes to assess their similarities and conservation. Despite a divergence that occurred 70-80 million years ago, a fairly high degree of synteny conservation was identified the two species, with some whole chromosome synteny detected.

Introduction and Methodology

  • The study utilizes fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), a powerful technique that allows for visual identification of specific DNA sequences on chromosomes.
  • Through FISH, human chromosome specific libraries (collections of DNA clones from one specific human chromosome) were applied individually to horse metaphase chromosomes. Metaphase is a stage in cell division where chromosomes are at their most condensed and coiled stage, making them easy to view under a microscope.
  • All human chromosome libraries, excluding Y chromosome, displayed signals on one or multiple horse chromosomes, revealing shared segments between human and horse chromosomes.

Results and Analysis

  • The study identified 43 conserved chromosomal segments shared between horses and humans. Conserved segments are the preserved sections of DNA that have remained unchanged through evolutionary time due to their critical role in survival or reproduction.
  • Some segments of the equine genome couldn’t display homoeology (equivalent chromosomal segments) with humans. This was attributed to the weak signals emitted by certain libraries, not necessarily because there was no similarity with the human genome.
  • Despite the evolutionary divergence between horses and humans estimated to be 70-80 million years ago, the research demonstrated a considerable degree of synteny conservation. Synteny refers to the presence of two or more genes on the same chromosome, implying an evolutionary relationship.
  • Whole chromosome synteny was identified in seven instances between horses and humans, further substantiating the similarities at the chromosomal level between these two species.

Findings and Conclusion

  • The research findings not only corroborated the limited gene mapping data available for horses but it also allowed the assignment of one linkage group (U2) and one syntenic group (NP, MPI, IDH2) to specific horse chromosomes.
  • The study also made chromosomal assignments for three other syntenic groups.
  • The results of this study are highly significant and useful for expanding the equine gene map, which has been relatively underdeveloped so far.

Cite This Article

APA
Raudsepp T, Frönicke L, Scherthan H, Gustavsson I, Chowdhary BP. (1996). Zoo-FISH delineates conserved chromosomal segments in horse and man. Chromosome Res, 4(3), 218-225. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02254963

Publication

Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology
ISSN: 0967-3849
NlmUniqueID: 9313452
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 4
Issue: 3
Pages: 218-225

Researcher Affiliations

Raudsepp, T
  • Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
Frönicke, L
    Scherthan, H
      Gustavsson, I
        Chowdhary, B P

          MeSH Terms

          • Animals
          • Chromosome Mapping / veterinary
          • Chromosomes / ultrastructure
          • Chromosomes, Human / ultrastructure
          • Evolution, Molecular
          • Hominidae / genetics
          • Horses / genetics
          • Humans
          • In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
          • Male
          • Phylogeny
          • Species Specificity

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