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BMC Psychol

Riding toward better math: executive functions mediate the link between horseback activities and children’s mathematical achievement.
BMC psychology    April 25, 2026   Volume 14, Issue 1 843 doi: 10.1186/s40359-026-04596-1
Almutairi S.Research directly examining the cognitive and academic correlates of horseback-riding in childhood remains limited. This study examined the relationships among monthly horseback-riding hours, executive function (EF), and mathematics achievement in children aged 7–9 years. A sample of 262 participants from Saudi Arabia was assessed using parent interviews and official educational records, with data collected from sports clubs and horse stables. EF was modeled as a latent construct—including organization and planning, working memory, emotion regulation, self-control, and motivation—`using ...