Omneity® Pellets
All-In-One Vitamin & Mineral Pellet
Topic:Case Reports
Case reports in equine medicine provide detailed accounts of individual horses' clinical presentations, diagnostic processes, treatments, and outcomes. These reports are valuable for documenting rare conditions, novel treatment approaches, or unique clinical insights that may not be captured in larger studies. By focusing on individual cases, these reports contribute to the broader understanding of equine health and disease management. They often include comprehensive information on the horse's history, clinical findings, diagnostic tests, therapeutic interventions, and follow-up evaluations. This page assembles peer-reviewed case reports and scholarly articles that explore diverse aspects of equine health, offering insights into specific medical scenarios and their implications for veterinary practice.
[The “lethal white foal” syndrome]. The lethal white foal syndrome (congenital intestinal aganglionosis) was diagnosed by history, clinical signs and pathological findings in a female foal, born in March 1992, that was an offspring of two overo-spotted paint horses. The syndrome is a congenital innervation defect of the gastrointestinal tract. A literature review of this condition, relatively unknown in Germany, is given.
Abortion due to equine herpesvirus in southern Brazil. We report an outbreak of abortion due to equine herpesvirus (EHV) in 5 mares between 9 and 11 months of gestation, from a herd of 22 Thoroughbred mares. Equine herpesvirus was isolated from extracts of the liver, spleen and thymus but not from the lungs of a 9-month fetus grown in Rabbit Kidney (RK13) cells. The virus was identified by electron microscopy, where virus particles could be seen in the nucleus of infected cells, and by the fluorescent antibody technique with polyclonal antibodies against the whole virus. Anamnesis, necropsy, histopathology, bacteriology, and virology data suggest ...
Arthroscopic removal of a fragment from an intercondylar eminence fracture of the tibia in a two-year-old horse. A 2-year-old Standardbred colt was admitted because of lameness of the left hind limb. Physical examination revealed marked effusion of the left femoropatellar and femorotibial joints and grade IV/V lameness of the left hind limb. Radiography of the left stifle revealed a complete fracture of the medial tubercle of the intercondylar eminence of the tibia. Arthroscopy was used to provide diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic information. A cranial approach to the medial compartment of the femorotibial joint was performed. Manipulation of the medial tubercle revealed it to be unstable, but a d...
Serum hepatitis in two brood mares. Two adult Quarter Horse mares from the same farm developed signs of hepatic disease approximately 2 months after parturition. Both mares had received tetanus antitoxin at the time of foaling. One mare developed subcutaneous edema of the distal aspect of all 4 limbs, photodermatitis involving unpigmented areas of skin, and high serum activities of liver-specific enzymes. The other mare had signs of acute hepatic failure, including icterus, hepatic encephalopathy, and high serum activities of liver-specific enzymes, and died. The second mare had signs typical of serum hepatitis (Theiler's diseas...
[Displacement and resection of the ascending colon in the horse: a literature review on the basis of 2 cases]. A review of displacements and surgery of the large colon is given on the basis of two cases. A four-year-old Dutch Warmblood mare was referred, one week before foaling, for colic of twelve hours duration. At rectal palpation a large uterus was found, but no cause for the colic. Laparotomy revealed a colonic volvulus and resection of about 75% of the large colon was necessary. A dead foal was born five days postoperatively, but the mare recovered well. A nine year-old Dutch Warmblood stallion with a history of frequent colic had been treated for nephrosplenic entrapment three times. Resection o...
Avulsion fracture of the origin of the extensor digitorum longus muscle in a foal. A 9-week-old Thoroughbred x Holsteiner colt was referred for evaluation and treatment of lameness of the right hind limb. Radiography of the stifle revealed multiple bony fragments within the lateral portion of the femorotibial joint and a radiolucency of the distolateral portion of the femur in the area of the extensor fossa, which were consistent with avulsion of the origin of the extensor digitorum longus muscle. Arthroscopy of the lateral portion of the femorotibial joint revealed exposed subchondral bone in the area of the extensor fossa, and the origin of the extensor digitorum longus mu...
Pleuropneumonia associated with pulmonary hydatidosis in a horse. Hydatid cysts (metacestode of Echinococcus grunulosus) are a
common incidental post-mortem finding in horses in the United
Kingdom (Cranley 1982), being found most frequently in the liver
and the lungs (Schwabe 1986). However, hydatid cysts are well
tolerated by horses and clinical hydatidosis is rare, even in
heavily infected animals (Thompson and Smyth 1975; Thompson
and Allsopp 1988). Clinical disease has been attributed to hydatid
cysts in the equine retrobulbar region (Bamett et ul. 1988), brain
(Gordon 1974, quoted by Thompson 1977) and liver (Barvaux
and Derzelle 1947). This is...
Malignant retroperitoneal paraganglioma in a horse. A large primary retroperitoneal sublumbar neoplasm in a horse, with disseminated neoplastic foci in the brain, lung, kidney and spleen is described. The diagnosis was based on light microscopical studies and positive immunostaining for neuron-specific enolase. Because of the location of the primary tumour mass, the aortico-sympathetic ganglion (organ of Zukerkandl) is proposed as the origin.
Infection due to Actinobacillus lignieresii after a horse bite. No abstract available
A modified technique for implantation of polypropylene mesh for the repair of external abdominal hernias in horses: a review of 21 cases. During a 3-year period 21 horses were surgically treated because of large abdominal wall defects. In each case the defect was bridged with a polypropylene mesh, which was placed on the outside of the hernial ring. This was in contrast with the technique for mesh herniorrhaphy generally described in human and veterinary literature, in which the mesh is always implanted on the inside of the hernial ring. One horse was destroyed on the first postoperative day because of postanaesthetic myelomalacia. Surgical repair as described was successful in 18 patients. Recurrence of herniation occurred in t...
Accessory carpal bone fractures in the horse. The clinical signs, the radiographic appearance, and the treatment of two cases of fracture of the accessory carpal bone are described. The fractures were in the vertical plane. Surgical intervention consisted out of fixation of the fracture with two lag screws. Follow-up information revealed that one horse became sound and returned to complete athletic activity whereas the other horse remained lame. A brief literature review is given and the surgical treatment and the complications are discussed.
Repair of fractures of the distal aspect of the radius in two horses. Fractures of the distal radius in two horses were repaired by open reduction and interfragmentary compression using screws placed in a lag fashion. One horse had a complete oblique fracture of the medial aspect of the epiphysis of the distal radius and was sound for riding 32 months after surgery. The other horse had an open spiral comminuted fracture with medial displacement of the distal radial fragment. Laminitis developed in the contralateral limb and this horse was euthanatized 5 weeks after surgery.
Enterocutaneous fistulae in horses: 18 cases (1964 to 1992). Enterocutaneous fistulae are rare in horses and occur most commonly as a complication of umbilical hernias or their treatment. Horses with enterocutaneous fistulae may be successfully treated by en bloc resection of the body wall and intestine or by allowing second intention healing. Complications associated with surgical intervention include fever, colic, incisional problems, and recurrence of the fistula. Nonsurgical management of two horses with presumptive large colon fistulae resulted in resolution of the fistulae without complications.
Treatment of mycotic rhinitis with itraconazole in three horses. Itraconazole, a third-generation azole, was evaluated for treatment of resistant nasal mycotic infections in horses. Two horses with Aspergillus spp nasal granulomas and 1 horse with Conidiobolus coronatus nasal infection were treated with itraconazole (3 mg/kg PO bid). One of the horses with nasal aspergillosis was also treated by surgical resection of the nasal septum. The treatment time for the horses ranged from 3 to 4.5 months. No adverse effects were noted in any of the horses during the treatment period. Peak and trough serum itraconazole concentrations were < 0.5 micrograms/mL in al...
Avulsion of the origin of the peroneus tertius tendon in a foal. A 3-month-old foal was examined because of lameness and fracture of the left lateral trochlear ridge of the femur. Arthroscopy of the left femoropatellar joint was elected. After induction of general anesthesia and placement of the foal in dorsal recumbency, it was noticed that the left hind limb was extended at the tibiotarsal joint and flexed at the femorotibial joint. Avulsion fracture at the origin of the peroneus tertius tendon was diagnosed. Fracture fragments were excised. The horse had mild left hind limb lameness at the time of follow-up evaluation 1 year after discharge.
Hydrops amnii in a mare. A multiparous pregnant Welsh Pony mare was examined because of anorexia, dyspnea, and a large abdomen. Ultrasonography of the uterus revealed an excessive amount of amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus. Transabdominal ultrasonography permitted differentiation of hydrops amnii from hydrops allantois. The mare aborted a 7-month-old fetus with brachygnathia and a large, edematous umbilical cord. Hydrops amnii, an excessive accumulation of amniotic fluid in the amniotic cavity, is most commonly reported in cattle and sheep.
Proximal suspensory desmitis in the hindlimb: 42 cases. Proximal suspensory desmitis of the hindlimb was diagnosed using local analgesic techniques and ultrasonography in 42 horses. Subtarsal analgesia resulted in substantial improvement in lameness in 36 of 41 horses in which local analgesic techniques were used. In the remaining five horses lameness was improved by perineural analgesia of the tibial nerve (three) or the tibial and fibular nerves. Intra-articular analgesia of the tarso-metatarsal joint produced a similar degree of improvement in two of 24 horses in which lameness had been improved by subtarsal analgesia. Ultrasonographic abnormali...
Use of clinical measurements to predict the outcome in chronic cases of grass sickness (equine dysautonomia). Forty-five cases of chronic grass sickness were given scores for selected clinical measurements when they were first examined, to assess their value in predicting survival. Sixteen cases survived. The clinical scores for the degree of dysphagia, appetite, colic and the degree of reduction in gut sounds were significantly lower in the survivors than in the non-survivors. In addition, only the non-survivors had severe rhinitis. Ponies were significantly less likely to survive than cob types.
Performance analysis after prosthetic laryngoplasty and bilateral ventriculectomy for laryngeal hemiplegia in horses: 70 cases (1986-1991). Medical records of 70 horses diagnosed with left laryngeal hemiplegia that were treated by use of prosthetic laryngoplasty combined with bilateral ventriculectomy were examined. Degree of arytenoid cartilage abduction that had resulted from the prosthesis had been graded before the horse was discharged from the hospital. Follow-up information through owner/trainer questioning was acquired for 55 horses. Information concerning the type and frequency of complications, if any, was recorded, along with a determination of owner/trainer satisfaction regarding surgical results. Race records were acqu...
Renal dysplasia and benign ureteropelvic polyps associated with hydronephrosis in a foal. A 4-month-old male Trakehner foal with a history of hematuria, poor growth, and abnormal hair was found to have unilateral hydronephrosis and hydroureter, as determined by ultrasonography and surgical exploration. Nephrectomy and ureterectomy were performed as treatment. Gross examination of the ureter and kidney revealed renal pelvic and ureteral polyps causing obstruction and subsequent hydronephrosis. The histologic features were consistent with renal dysplasia. The polyps and renal dysplasia were likely to be congenital, but the etiopathogenesis is not known. The finding that urinary outfl...
Partial closure of laryngotomies in horses. In horses, ventral laryngotomies are typically allowed to heal by second intention. Partial closure of the laryngotomy incision, however, was associated wtih less exudate, less aftercare, shorter hospitalization, and better cosmetic results, compared with the traditional technique. The partial closure technique did not result in complications in the 3 horses in which it was attempted.
Equine self-mutilation syndrome (57 cases). Owners who believed they had a horse with self-mutilating behavior were asked to complete a questionnaire to obtain information on the signalment, clinical history, clinical signs, management, and treatment of the condition. Fifty-two owners of 59 horses responded; 2 cases were omitted because an organic cause was determined. Owners also were asked to complete information for unaffected horses on the same farm. Various breeds were affected, and of the 57 horses, 20 were stallions, 31 were geldings, and 6 were mares. Affected horses tended to develop the condition prior to sexual maturity. Clin...
Mucinous hyperplasia in the kidney and ureter of a horse. A case of mucinous hyperplasia in the right renal pelvis and ureter is reported in a 23-year-old, male, Quarter horse. The affected right renal pelvis was markedly distended and filled with inspissated yellowish-green mucous material compressing the adjacent cortical and medullary parenchyma. Multiple, similar masses were present protruding from the right urethral mucosa. Histologically, the masses were characterized by a cystic glandular and papillary hyperplasia of the mucosa of the renal pelvis and ureter. This is believed to be the first reported case in an equine species.
