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Topic:Pentobarbital
Pentobarbital is a barbiturate commonly used in veterinary medicine, including equine practice, for its sedative, anesthetic, and euthanasia properties. In horses, it acts as a central nervous system depressant, facilitating sedation and anesthesia by inducing a calming effect. Pentobarbital is often administered intravenously and is known for its rapid onset of action. It is also used in euthanasia procedures due to its ability to induce a swift and humane death by causing respiratory and cardiac arrest. This page compiles peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the pharmacokinetics, administration protocols, and safety considerations of pentobarbital in equine medicine.
Evaluation of Stress Response under a Standard Euthanasia Protocol in Horses Using Analysis of Heart Rate Variability. The effects of a standard protocol for euthanasia on heart rate variability (HRV) as a consequence of stress response were analyzed in this prospective clinical study. The HRV was determined in 40 horses undergoing euthanasia due to various reasons, at different locations, and with/without owner presence. For euthanasia, horses were sedated with xylazine or a combination of xylazine and butorphanol. General anesthesia was induced using diazepam and ketamine. Afterwards, horses were euthanized with pentobarbital. The ECG data were taken by a Telemetric ECG at three time points (sedation, anesth...
Evaluation of clinical and electrocardiographic changes during the euthanasia of horses. The objective of this prospective field study was to investigate whether commonly used criteria for clinical death occurred at the same time as cardiac death, as determined by electrocardiography. Specific ECG changes during euthanasia were also studied. Twenty-nine horses were euthanized with pentobarbital at two different dose rates and 15 of the 29 horses also received detomidine hydrochloride for sedation. ECG was recorded prior to and during euthanasia. Time to collapse, cessation of reflexes, heart sounds and asystole were recorded. ECG recordings were used to calculate RR intervals, PQ ...
Effect of hypercapnia or xylazine on lateral ventricle and lumbosacral cerebrospinal fluid pressures in pentobarbital-anesthetized horses. Facial artery pressure, central venous pressure, heart rate, and lateral ventricle cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure (LV-CSFP) were measured in 10 pentobarbital-anesthetized horses at arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) values of 40, 60, and 80 mm Hg, produced by varying the inspired carbon dioxide concentration. Variables were recorded at 5-minute intervals for 15 minutes at each level of PaCO2. Arterial blood gas analysis was performed at the end of the 15-minute time period for each level of PaCO2. Lateral ventricle CSF pressure was significantly increased (p < .05) at a...
