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BMC genomics2021; 22(1); 377; doi: 10.1186/s12864-021-07701-3

A comparative analysis of the intrauterine transcriptome in fertile and subfertile mares using cytobrush sampling.

Abstract: Subfertility is a major problem in modern horse breeding. Especially, mares without clinical signs of reproductive diseases, without known uterine pathogens and no evidence of inflammation but not becoming pregnant after several breeding attempts are challenging for veterinarians. To obtain new insights into the cause of these fertility problems and aiming at improving diagnosis of subfertile mares, a comparative analysis of the intrauterine transcriptome in subfertile and fertile mares was performed. Uterine cytobrush samples were collected during estrus from 57 mares without clinical signs of uterine diseases. RNA was extracted from the cytobrush samples and samples from 11 selected subfertile and 11 fertile mares were used for Illumina RNA-sequencing. Results: The cytobrush sampling was a suitable technique to isolate enough RNA of high quality for transcriptome analysis. Comparing subfertile and fertile mares, 114 differentially expressed genes (FDR = 10%) were identified. Metascape enrichment analysis revealed that genes with lower mRNA levels in subfertile mares were related to 'extracellular matrix (ECM)', 'ECM-receptor interaction', 'focal adhesion', 'immune response' and 'cytosolic calcium ion concentration', while DEGs with higher levels in subfertile mares were enriched for 'monocarboxyl acid transmembrane transport activity' and 'protein targeting'. Conclusions: Our study revealed significant differences in the uterine transcriptome between fertile and subfertile mares and provides leads for potential uterine molecular biomarkers of subfertility in the mare.
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Publication Date: 2021-05-22 PubMed ID: 34022808PubMed Central: PMC8141133DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07701-3Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research study undertook a comparative analysis of intrauterine health in fertile and subfertile mares, focusing on differences within their respective transcriptomes. The researchers discovered significant differences in gene expression relating to various biological systems and processes that may contribute to subfertility, suggesting potential leads for molecular biomarkers of subfertility in mares.

Research Methodology

  • The study collected uterine cytobrush samples from 57 mares during their estrus cycle. These mares exhibited no clinical symptoms of uterine diseases, presenting as healthy and viable for the study.
  • RNA was extracted from these samples to prepare for Illumina RNA-sequencing. 11 subfertile and 11 fertile mares were selected for this part of the analysis.
  • The analysis aimed at isolating enough RNA of high quality to proceed with the transcriptome analysis. This process, known as cytobrush sampling, proved successful, indicating its potential as a valuable method for the analysis of RNA in uterine samples.

Results and Analysis

  • The study found 114 differentially expressed genes between subfertile and fertile mares. This differential gene expression is central in identifying potential biomarkers for fertility issues.
  • Regarding these differentially expressed genes, the Metascape enrichment analysis identified some key areas of distinction. Genes relating to the ‘extracellular matrix’, ‘ECM-receptor interaction’, ‘focal adhesion’, ‘immune response’, and ‘cytosolic calcium ion concentration’ exhibited lower mRNA levels (gene expression) in subfertile mares.
  • Conversely, subfertile mares presented higher gene expression in areas relating to ‘monocarboxyl acid transmembrane transport activity’ and ‘protein targeting’.

Conclusions and Implications

  • This research uncovered significant differences in the uterine transcriptome between fertile and subfertile mares, providing valuable insight into the molecular mechanisms driving subfertility in mares.
  • These findings suggest potential leads for developing novel molecular biomarkers of subfertility in mares. This could enhance future diagnostic practices and interventions in equine reproductive veterinary medicine.

Cite This Article

APA
Weber KS, Wagener K, Blanco M, Bauersachs S, Bollwein H. (2021). A comparative analysis of the intrauterine transcriptome in fertile and subfertile mares using cytobrush sampling. BMC Genomics, 22(1), 377. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-021-07701-3

Publication

BMC genomics
ISSN: 1471-2164
NlmUniqueID: 100965258
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 22
Issue: 1
Pages: 377
PII: 377

Researcher Affiliations

Weber, Katharina S
  • Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Department for Farm Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, Lindau (ZH), Switzerland.
Wagener, Karen
  • Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Department for Farm Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, Lindau (ZH), Switzerland.
  • Present address: Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
Blanco, Miguel
  • The Lewitz Stud, Neustadt-Glewe, Germany.
Bauersachs, Stefan
  • Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, Lindau (ZH), Switzerland. stefan.bauersachs@uzh.ch.
Bollwein, Heinrich
  • Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Department for Farm Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, Lindau (ZH), Switzerland.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Female
  • Fertility / genetics
  • Horse Diseases / genetics
  • Horses / genetics
  • Infertility
  • Pregnancy
  • Transcriptome
  • Uterus

Grant Funding

  • Project 2018-03 / Foundation Pro Pferd Zurich

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Stefan Bauersachs is serving as Associate Editor for BMC Genomics was realized.

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Virendra A, Gulavane SU, Ahmed ZA, Reddy R, Chaudhari RJ, Gaikwad SM, Shelar RR, Ingole SD, Thorat VD, Khanam A, Khan FA. Metagenomic analysis unravels novel taxonomic differences in the uterine microbiome between healthy mares and mares with endometritis. Vet Med Sci 2024 Mar;10(2):e1369.
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  2. de Castro T, van Heule M, Domingues RR, Jacob JCF, Daels PF, Meyers SA, Conley AJ, Dini P. Embryo-endometrial interaction associated with the location of the embryo during the mobility phase in mares. Sci Rep 2024 Feb 7;14(1):3151.
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