A long-term study of 277 cases of equine sinonasal disease. Part 1: details of horses, historical, clinical and ancillary diagnostic findings.
Abstract: The clinical and ancillary diagnostic findings in equine sinnasal disease were studied. The diagnoses in 277 referred (1984-1996) cases of equine sinonasal disease included the following (% all cases): 67 cases (24.2%) primary sinusitis, 61 (22.0%) dental sinusitis, 37 (13.4%) sinus cysts, 22 (7.9%) sinonasal neoplasia, 21 (7.6%) progressive ethmoid haematoma, 17 (6.1%) sinonasal trauma, 13 (4.7%) sinonasal mycosis, 11 (4.0%) rostral maxillary cheek tooth infection, 7 (2.5%) sinonasal polyps, 7 (2.5%) cases of nasal epidermal inclusion cysts and 14 (5.1%) miscellaneous sinonasal disorders. Many disorders showed similar clinical signs including nasal discharge (present in 88% of all cases) and facial swelling (46%). Most disorders were chronic, with a median duration of signs of 12 weeks (range 3 days- 6 years) prior to referral. Sinus cysts and sinonasal neoplasia were significantly (P<0.05) more frequently associated with gross distortion of the nasal passages and facial bones than the other sinonasal disorders. Endoscopic changes were detected per nasum in 91% of cases, but contributed to the exact diagnosis in only 20%. Radiography revealed abnormalities in 81% of cases but was diagnostically useful in only 36%. Sinoscopy was diagnostically useful in 70% of the 61 cases where used.
Publication Date: 2001-05-16 PubMed ID: 11352350DOI: 10.2746/042516401776249615Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Case Reports
- Journal Article
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
This research article documents a long-term study on various sinonasal diseases found in horses, listing the frequency of each disease among the 277 cases observed, the common clinical signs, and the usefulness of different diagnostic methods.
Types of Equine Sinonasal Disease
- The research examined a spectrum of equine sinonasal diseases, including primary sinusitis, dental sinusitis, sinus cysts, sinonasal neoplasia, progressive ethmoid haematoma, sinonasal trauma, sinonasal mycosis, rostral maxillary cheek tooth infection, sinonasal polyps, nasal epidermal inclusion cysts, and other miscellaneous conditions.
- Primary sinusitis and dental sinusitis were the most common diseases diagnosed, accounting for 24.2% and 22.0% of the total cases, respectively. Sinus cysts and sinonasal neoplasia were amongst the other frequently observed conditions.
Symptoms and Duration of Diseases
- Despite the variety of these diseases, they often resulted in similar clinical signs. Nasal discharge was found in 88% of the cases, while facial swelling was noted in 46% of all the cases.
- Most of the observed diseases were chronic, with signs persisting for a median duration of 12 weeks (ranging from 3 days to 6 years) prior to referral to veterinary care.
- Sinus cysts and sinonasal neoplasia were significantly more likely to lead to evident distortion in nasal passages and facial bones compared to the other conditions.
Efficacy of Diagnostic Methods
- Radiography, endoscopy, and sinoscopy were used as diagnostic aids, but exhibited varying degrees of diagnostic utility.
- While endoscopic changes could be identified in 91% of cases, the exact diagnosis could be formulated with the help of this procedure in only 20% of cases.
- Radiography revealed abnormalities in 81% of cases but was successfully diagnostic in only 36% of them.
- Sinoscopy turned out to be the most useful diagnostic tool, assisting in an accurate diagnosis in 70% of the 61 cases in which it was employed.
Cite This Article
APA
Tremaine WH, Dixon PM.
(2001).
A long-term study of 277 cases of equine sinonasal disease. Part 1: details of horses, historical, clinical and ancillary diagnostic findings.
Equine Vet J, 33(3), 274-282.
https://doi.org/10.2746/042516401776249615 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Roslin, Midlothian, UK.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Cysts / diagnosis
- Cysts / veterinary
- Endoscopy / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horse Diseases / epidemiology
- Horses
- Longitudinal Studies
- Nose Diseases / diagnosis
- Nose Diseases / epidemiology
- Nose Diseases / veterinary
- Nose Neoplasms / diagnosis
- Nose Neoplasms / veterinary
- Paranasal Sinus Diseases / diagnosis
- Paranasal Sinus Diseases / epidemiology
- Paranasal Sinus Diseases / veterinary
- Prospective Studies
- Radiography / veterinary
- Retrospective Studies
- Sinusitis / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 19 times.- Tyma JF, Epstein KL. Postoperative sinusitis and pneumonia following exploratory celiotomy for treatment of colic in horses.. Can Vet J 2023 Jan;64(1):76-80.
- Jehle MC, Biermann NM, Haltmayer E. Trephination versus Minimally Invasive Transnasal Approaches for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Sinus Disease in Horses.. Vet Sci 2022 Jul 1;9(7).
- Kau S, Mansfeld MD, Šoba A, Zwick T, Staszyk C. The facultative human oral pathogen Prevotella histicola in equine cheek tooth apical/ periapical infection: a case report.. BMC Vet Res 2021 Oct 30;17(1):343.
- Pezzanite LM, Hackett ES, McCready E, Easley JT. Outcomes following single, caudally based bilateral versus unilateral frontonasal sinusotomy for treatment of equine paranasal sinus disease.. Vet Med Sci 2021 Nov;7(6):2209-2218.
- Vlaminck L, Pollaris E, Vanderperren K, Tremaine WH, Raes E. Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Idiopathic Primary Sino-Nasal Obstruction in Miniature Horse Breeds: Long-Term Follow-Up of Seven Cases.. Front Vet Sci 2021;8:680150.
- Dixon PM, Barnett TP, Morgan RE, Reardon RJM. Computed Tomographic Assessment of Individual Paranasal Sinus Compartment and Nasal Conchal Bulla Involvement in 300 Cases of Equine Sinonasal Disease.. Front Vet Sci 2020;7:580356.
- Dixon PM, Puidupin C, Borkent D, Liuti T, Reardon RJM. A Computed Tomographic Assessment of Osteitis of Sinus Bony Structures in Horses With Sinonasal Disorders.. Front Vet Sci 2020;7:627.
- Schwieder A, Pfarrer C, Ohnesorge B, Staszyk C, Bienert-Zeit A. Comparative studies on the histological characteristics of equine nasomaxillary aperture and paranasal sinus mucosa considering topographic and age-related differences.. Acta Vet Scand 2020 Jun 23;62(1):34.
- Röttiger C, Hellige M, Ohnesorge B, Bienert-Zeit A. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography of equine cheek teeth and adjacent structures: comparative study of image quality in horses in vivo, post-mortem and frozen-thawed.. Acta Vet Scand 2019 Dec 10;61(1):62.
- Poore LA, Le Roux C, Carstens A. Trauma-induced exostosis of multiple suture lines causing partial bilateral nasolacrimal duct obstruction in a 7-year-old Thoroughbred mare.. J S Afr Vet Assoc 2019 Sep 26;90(0):e1-e7.
- Gergeleit H, Verspohl J, Rohde J, Rohn K, Ohnesorge B, Bienert-Zeit A. A prospective study on the microbiological examination of secretions from the paranasal sinuses in horses in health and disease.. Acta Vet Scand 2018 Jul 5;60(1):43.
- Schoppe C, Hellige M, Rohn K, Ohnesorge B, Bienert-Zeit A. Comparison of computed tomography and high-field (3.0 T) magnetic resonance imaging of age-related variances in selected equine maxillary cheek teeth and adjacent tissues.. BMC Vet Res 2017 Sep 6;13(1):280.
- Ludwig EK, Byron CR, Lahmers KK, Santos MP. Frontal and caudal maxillary sinus lipoma in a horse.. Can Vet J 2017 May;58(5):503-507.
- Gordon DL, Radtke CL. Treatment of chronic sinusitis in a horse with systemic and intra-sinus antimicrobials.. Can Vet J 2017 Mar;58(3):289-292.
- Kaminsky J, Bienert-Zeit A, Hellige M, Rohn K, Ohnesorge B. Comparison of image quality and in vivo appearance of the normal equine nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses in computed tomography and high field (3.0 T) magnetic resonance imaging.. BMC Vet Res 2016 Jan 19;12:13.
- Crijns CP, Baeumlin Y, De Rycke L, Broeckx BJ, Vlaminck L, Bergman EH, van Bree H, Gielen I. Intra-arterial versus intra venous contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the equine head.. BMC Vet Res 2016 Jan 7;12:6.
- Nieto JE, Yamout S, Dechant JE. Sinusitis associated with nasogastric intubation in 3 horses.. Can Vet J 2014 Jun;55(6):554-8.
- Algudkar A, Persaud R, Chatzimichalis M, Parikh A. Unilateral sino-nasal haemorrhagic polyp masquerading as a malignancy in a boxer.. JRSM Short Rep 2013 Apr;4(4):27.
- Marqués FJ, Sharma A, Wilson DG. Investigation of a progressive facial deformity and stridor in an adult horse with a bone sequestrum and subsequent sinonasal abscess.. Can Vet J 2012 Jun;53(6):653-8.
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
