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Home / Equine Research Bank / Sci Rep / A proteomics perspective on 2 years of high-intensity traini...
Scientific reports2024; 14(1); 23684; doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-75266-8

A proteomics perspective on 2 years of high-intensity training in horses: a pilot study.

Abstract: The human plasma proteome is rather well studied, but not that of other species, including horses. The aims of this study were to (1), explore differences in plasma proteomic profile of young elite harness trotters kept under standardised conditions and subjected to two different training programmes for 2 years and (2) explore changes in proteomic profile over time during the training period. From September at age 1.5 year to March at age 2 years, 16 Standardbred horses were exposed to the same training programme. In March, high-intensity training was introduced and the horses were divided into two training groups (High and Low). Blood samples were collected at rest in December as 1.5-year-olds, July as 2-year-olds, December as 2.5-year-olds and December as 3.5-year-olds. Untargeted proteomics was performed and a hypothesis-generating approach was used in statistical analysis (t-tests). At the age of 2.5 years, the level of serotransferrin was higher in the High group (P = 0.01) and at least at one sampling occasion, proteins associated with fat metabolism, oxidant/antioxidant processes, cardiovascular responses, bone formation and inflammation were lower in High group compared to Low (P < 0.05). Analyses of changes over time revealed that levels of proteins involved in energy metabolism, red cell metabolism, circulation, oxidant/antioxidant activity, bone formation, inflammation, immune modulation and cellular and vascular damage changed (P < 0.05). The results indicate that proteomics analysis of blood plasma could be a viable tool for evaluation of exercise adaptations, performance and for health monitoring, with several potential biomarkers identified in this study.
© 2024. The Author(s).
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Publication Date: 2024-10-10 PubMed ID: 39390056PubMed Central: PMC11467344DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-75266-8Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research study focuses on using proteomics to study the effects of long-term high-intensity training in young elite harness racing horses. The research found that there are significant changes in the horses’ plasma protein profiles depending on the intensity of their training and as they age.

Objective of the Study

  • The main aims of this research study were two-fold. First, it intended to explore the differences in the plasma proteomic profiles of young elite harness trotters subjected to two different training programs over a two-year period. Second, it aimed to uncover changes in the proteomic profile over time during the training phase.

Methodology

  • The study involved 16 Standardbred horses, initially subjected to the same training plan from the age of 1.5 to 2 years.
  • In March, their training plans were changed, with the horses divided into two groups based on training intensity – High and Low.
  • Blood samples were taken from the horses at different stages in their lives – as 1.5-year-olds, 2-year-olds, 2.5-year-olds, and 3.5-year-olds.
  • The blood samples were evaluated using untargeted proteomics, and t-testing was used for statistical analysis.

Observations & Results

  • The study found that at the age of 2.5 years, the level of a protein called serotransferrin was higher in the High group compared to the Low group.
  • Additionally, proteins associated with fat metabolism, oxidant/antioxidant processes, cardiovascular responses, bone formation, and inflammation were found to be lower in the High group than the Low group.
  • Analysis of time-dependent changes showed variations in the levels of proteins involved in energy metabolism, red cell metabolism, circulation, antioxidant activity, bone formation, inflammation, immune modulation, and cellular and vascular damage.

Conclusions & Implications

  • The findings suggest that proteomics analysis of blood plasma could be a useful tool in monitoring exercise adaptations and the overall health and performance of racing horses.
  • The changes in the sequencing and concentrations of proteins observed could serve as potential biomarkers for understanding the physiological impact of intense training.

Cite This Article

APA
Johansson L, Ringmark S, Bergquist J, Skiöldebrand E, Widgren A, Jansson A. (2024). A proteomics perspective on 2 years of high-intensity training in horses: a pilot study. Sci Rep, 14(1), 23684. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-75266-8

Publication

Scientific reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
NlmUniqueID: 101563288
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Pages: 23684
PII: 23684

Researcher Affiliations

Johansson, L
  • Department of Animal Biosciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7023, Uppsala, 750 07, Sweden.
Ringmark, S
  • Department of Animal Biosciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7023, Uppsala, 750 07, Sweden.
Bergquist, J
  • Department of Animal Biosciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7023, Uppsala, 750 07, Sweden.
  • Department of Chemistry-BMC, Analytical Chemistry and Neurochemistry, Uppsala University, P. O. Box 599, Uppsala, 751 24, Sweden.
Skiöldebrand, E
  • Department of Animal Biosciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7023, Uppsala, 750 07, Sweden.
Widgren, A
  • Department of Chemistry-BMC, Analytical Chemistry and Neurochemistry, Uppsala University, P. O. Box 599, Uppsala, 751 24, Sweden.
Jansson, A
  • Department of Animal Biosciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7023, Uppsala, 750 07, Sweden. anna.jansson@slu.se.

MeSH Terms

  • Horses / blood
  • Animals
  • Proteomics / methods
  • Physical Conditioning, Animal / physiology
  • Pilot Projects
  • Proteome / metabolism
  • Male
  • Blood Proteins / metabolism
  • Female
  • Biomarkers / blood

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

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