A retrospective study of twin pregnancy management in mares.

The research focuses on a method comparison for reducing twin pregnancies in mares, with the ultimate aim of preserving a single, viable pregnancy. Using ultrasound technology, the study found evidence supporting the effectiveness of using a particular drug, flunixin, in combination with manual embryo reduction to better manage twin pregnancies in mares.

Objective of the Study

• The main objective of this study was to compare three methods of managing twin pregnancies in mares. This is crucial as twin pregnancies in mares are undesirable due to associated health risks and complications. The three tested methods included manual crushing of one embryo, administration of flunixin (a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), and a restrictive diet.

Research Approach and Methodology

• In the time period between 2010 and 2018, the researchers conducted ultrasound tests on 16,494 mares for early pregnancy.
• Out of these, they found 868 instances of twins, categorized into 471 bilateral (two embryos in separate uteri) and 397 unilateral twin pregnancies (two embryos in the same uterus).
• Different treatment methods were applied to the twin pregnancies depending on the type: manual crushing of one embryo and administration of flunixin, only manual crushing, and a restrictive diet.
• Success of the procedures was tracked by observing the development of a single pregnancy 2 weeks after the procedure, between the 50th and 60th days, and after the 90th day of pregnancy.

Results and Findings

• The study found that warm-blooded mares were more prone to produce twin embryos, and these procedures to reduce a twin pregnancy to a single one also carried more risk of losing both embryos for this group compared to cold-blooded mares.
• Administering flunixin in conjunction with manual removal of one embryo showed a scientifically proven beneficial effect in maintaining the remaining embryo, both in cases of unilateral and bilateral twin pregnancies.

Implications and Significance of the Study

• This research offers significant insights into equine reproduction management, particularly in mares with twin pregnancies. The findings can be used to develop comprehensive treatment protocols for such pregnant mares, helping to reduce the associated risk of complications and better ensuring a healthy pregnancy.
• Moreover, the results highlight the potential benefits of using flunixin in combination with manual embryo reduction for managing twin pregnancies, providing a valuable reference for veterinarians and horse breeders.