BMC veterinary research2022; 18(1); 141; doi: 10.1186/s12917-022-03225-4

A safety evaluation of allogeneic freeze-dried platelet-rich plasma or conditioned serum compared to autologous frozen products equivalents in equine healthy joints.

Abstract: Hemoderivatives such as autologous conditioned serum (ACS) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have been used as potential disease-modifying therapies in musculoskeletal disorders such as osteoarthritis (OA). These therapies are based on the delivery of multiple growth factors and anti-inflammatory cytokines that are known to participate in inflammatory processes. The variability of cytokine content due to the autologous nature of the product, the non-availability for immediate use and need for storage at low temperatures are limitations for its use in the field. An allogeneic freeze-dried conditioned serum (CS) and PRP would provide field clinicians with a more practical approach to use such products in daily practice. Based on in vitro preliminary data, this experimental study aimed to test the in vivo safety of allogeneic freeze-dried CS and PRP in healthy joints, using the horse as a model. Results: Eight horses were randomly assigned and treated with PRP or CS. Horses had three joints injected with ALLO-FD PRP or CS, and three contralateral joints injected with the AUTO version of the same product, by a blinded clinician. Horses were evaluated clinically, and had synovial fluid collected at different time points and evaluated for cell content, PGE and protein. Both CS and PRP products triggered a self-limiting and mild inflammatory response in equine healthy joints. This was indicated by the transient increase in nucleated cell count, PGE and total protein in synovial fluid. This mild inflammatory response did not result in significant lameness and was not different among the groups. Conclusions: The allogeneic freeze-dried PRP and CS showed to be overall safe and not dissimilar compared to their autologous frozen version in equine healthy joints. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the modulatory effects of these therapies in a clinical setting.
Publication Date: 2022-04-18 PubMed ID: 35436878PubMed Central: PMC9014566DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03225-4Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Veterinary

Summary

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This research article focuses on assessing the safety of using allogeneic freeze-dried conditioned serum (CS) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) compared to their autologous equivalent counterparts in equine healthy joints, using horses as a model.

Objective of the Study

  • The goal of this experimental study was to test the safety of using allogeneic freeze-dried conditioned serum (CS) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in healthy joints, utilizing horses as a model. This was seen as a potential solution to the limitations of typical disease-modifying therapies for musculoskeletal disorders such as osteoarthritis (OA), which include variability due to the autologous nature of the products, unavailability for immediate use, and the need for storage at low temperatures.

Methodology

  • Eight horses were treated, with each receiving PRP or CS. Each horse had three joints injected with allogeneic freeze-dried PRP or CS (ALLO-FD), and three contralateral joints injected with the autologous (AUTO) version of the same product, administered by a blinded clinician.
  • The horses were then clinically observed, and their synovial fluid was collected at different points in time. The synovial fluid was analyzed for cell content, protein, and PGE (a type of prostaglandin that acts as a potent inflammatory mediator).

Results

  • The results demonstrated that both allogeneic freeze-dried CS and PRP induced a mild, self-regulating inflammatory response in the equine joints. This was evidenced by an initial surge in nucleated cell count, total protein, and PGE in the synovial fluid. However, this inflammation was not severe enough to cause significant lameness and did not vary significantly between groups.

Conclusions

  • The study concluded that the allogeneic freeze-dried CS and PRP treatments were found to be generally safe and similar in effect to their autologous frozen counterparts when used in healthy equine joints.
  • However, the researchers recommend further studies to explore the potential modulatory effects of these therapies within a clinical setting, allowing for a more definitive understanding of their efficacy.

Cite This Article

APA
Garbin LC, Contino EK, Olver CS, Frisbie DD. (2022). A safety evaluation of allogeneic freeze-dried platelet-rich plasma or conditioned serum compared to autologous frozen products equivalents in equine healthy joints. BMC Vet Res, 18(1), 141. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-022-03225-4

Publication

ISSN: 1746-6148
NlmUniqueID: 101249759
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Pages: 141
PII: 141

Researcher Affiliations

Garbin, Livia Camargo
  • Equine Orthopaedic Research Center, Colorado State University, 300 West Drake Road, , Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
  • Present Address: Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 501 D.W. Brooks Drive, 30602, Athens, GA, USA.
Contino, Erin K
  • C. Wayne McIlwraith Translational Medicine Institute, Colorado State University, 2350 Drive, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
Olver, Christine S
  • Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Clinical Pathology Section, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
Frisbie, David D
  • C. Wayne McIlwraith Translational Medicine Institute, Colorado State University, 2350 Drive, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA. david.frisbie@colostate.edu.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Cytokines / metabolism
  • Freeze Drying / veterinary
  • Horses
  • Injections, Intra-Articular / veterinary
  • Platelet-Rich Plasma
  • Prostaglandins E / metabolism
  • Synovial Fluid / metabolism

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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