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Home / Equine Research Bank / Parasit Vectors / A survey of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of companion animals in ...
Parasites & vectors2016; 9(1); 207; doi: 10.1186/s13071-016-1480-y

A survey of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of companion animals in Australia.

Abstract: Ticks are among the most important vectors of pathogens affecting companion animals, and also cause health problems such as tick paralysis, anaemia, dermatitis, and secondary infections. Twenty ixodid species have previously been recorded on dogs, cats, and horses in Australia, including Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Ixodes holocyclus and Haemaphysalis longicornis, which transmit tick-borne diseases. A survey of hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) was conducted during 2012-2015 to investigate tick species that infest dogs, cats, and horses in Australia. Individual tick specimens were collected from dogs, cats and horses across Australia and sample collection locations were mapped using QGIS software. Ticks were morphologically examined to determine species, instar and sex. The companion animal owners responded to questionnaires and data collected were summarised with SPSS software. A total of 4765 individual ticks were identified in this study from 7/8 states and territories in Australia. Overall, 220 larvae, 805 nymphs, 1404 males, and 2336 females of 11 tick species were identified from 837 companion animal hosts. One novel host record was obtained during this study for Ixodes myrmecobii, which was found on Felis catus (domestic cat) in the town of Esperance, Western Australia. The most common tick species identified included R. sanguineus on dogs (73 %), I. holocyclus on cats (81 %) and H. longicornis on horses (60 %). This study is the first of its kind to be conducted in Australia and our results contribute to the understanding of the species and distribution of ticks that parasitise dogs, cats, and horses in Australia. Records of R. sanguineus outside of the recorded distribution range emphasise the need for a systematic study of the habitat range of this species. Several incomplete descriptions of ixodid species encountered in this study hindered morphological identification.
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Publication Date: 2016-05-10 PubMed ID: 27160149PubMed Central: PMC4862205DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1480-yGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research paper conducted a thorough investigation from 2012 to 2015 to understand the various species of hard ticks that affect dogs, cats, and horses in Australia. The study yielded a comprehensive record of the types and distribution of these parasites across the country.

Study Methodology

  • The researchers conducted a detailed study over four years, wherein they collected individual tick specimens from companion animals including dogs, cats, and horses spread across Australia.
  • The collection sites of the samples were plotted on a map using QGIS software, providing a geographic representation of tick distribution.
  • The gathered specimens were examined physically to identify the species, instar (stages between moults), and sex.
  • Moreover, the owners of the companion animals were also interviewed to gather additional data via questionnaires.
  • The data collected from the questionnaires were then processed and summarized using SPSS software.

Findings and Results

  • The study succeeded in identifying 4765 individual ticks across 7/8 states and territories in Australia, thus reflecting a widespread distribution of the parasites.
  • This collection was categorized into 220 larvae, 805 nymphs, 1404 males, and 2336 females from 11 tick species gathered from 837 companion animal hosts.
  • The research made a new record of a tick species, Ixodes myrmecobii, infesting a domestic cat in the town of Esperance, Western Australia.
  • The most prevalent tick species were Rhipicephalus sanguineus (73%) on dogs, Ixodes holocyclus (81%) on cats, and Haemaphysalis longicornis (60%) on horses.

Importance of the Study

  • This research is significant as it is the first comprehensive study of its kind conducted in Australia, providing valuable information about the various species and distribution of ticks affecting companion animals.
  • It also underscores the need for a systematic investigation of the habitat range of R. sanguineus, as records of this tick were found outside its previously known distribution range.
  • Furthermore, it highlights the limitations encountered in the morphological identification of some ixodid species due to incomplete descriptions, pointing towards areas where further research is needed.

Cite This Article

APA
Greay TL, Oskam CL, Gofton AW, Rees RL, Ryan UM, Irwin PJ. (2016). A survey of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of companion animals in Australia. Parasit Vectors, 9(1), 207. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-016-1480-y

Publication

Parasites & vectors
ISSN: 1756-3305
NlmUniqueID: 101462774
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Pages: 207
PII: 207

Researcher Affiliations

Greay, Telleasha L
  • Vector and Water-Borne Pathogen Research Laboratory, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Oskam, Charlotte L
  • Vector and Water-Borne Pathogen Research Laboratory, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Gofton, Alexander W
  • Vector and Water-Borne Pathogen Research Laboratory, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Rees, Robert L
  • Bayer Animal Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Ryan, Una M
  • Vector and Water-Borne Pathogen Research Laboratory, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Irwin, Peter J
  • Vector and Water-Borne Pathogen Research Laboratory, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. p.irwin@murdoch.edu.au.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Australia / epidemiology
  • Cat Diseases / epidemiology
  • Cat Diseases / parasitology
  • Cats
  • Dog Diseases / epidemiology
  • Dog Diseases / parasitology
  • Dogs
  • Female
  • Geography
  • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
  • Horse Diseases / parasitology
  • Horses
  • Ixodidae / classification
  • Larva
  • Male
  • Nymph
  • Pets
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Tick Infestations / epidemiology
  • Tick Infestations / parasitology
  • Tick Infestations / veterinary

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