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Home / Equine Research Bank / Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol / Adenine nucleotide degradation in the thoroughbred horse wit...
European journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology1992; 65(3); 271-277; doi: 10.1007/BF00705093

Adenine nucleotide degradation in the thoroughbred horse with increasing exercise duration.

Abstract: Adenine nucleotide (AN) degradation has been shown to occur during intense exercise in the horse and in man, at or close to the point of fatigue. The aim of the study was to compare the concentrations of muscle inosine 5'-monophosphate (IMP) and plasma ammonia (NH3) during intense exercise with the concentrations of muscle and blood lactate. Seven trained thoroughbred horses were used in the study. Each exercised on a treadmill for periods of between 30 s and 150 s, at 11 and/or 12 m.s-1. Blood and muscle samples were taken and analysed for lactate and NH3 and adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), phosphorylcreatine (PCr), IMP, creatine, lactate and glycerol-3-phosphate respectively. Horses showed varying degrees of AN degradation as indicated by plasma [NH3] and muscle [ATP] and [IMP]. Comparisons of [IMP] with muscle [lactate], and plasma [NH3] with that of blood [lactate] indicated a threshold to the start of AN degradation. This threshold corresponded to a lactate content of around 80 mmol.kg-1 dry muscle and 15 mmol.l-1 in blood. We discuss the mechanisms which have been proposed to account for AN degradation and suggest that IMP formation occurs as a result of a sudden rise in the concentration of adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) and consequently the concentration of adenosine 5'-monophosphate. The data suggest a critical pH below which there may be a substantial reduction in the kinetics of ADP rephosphorylation provided by PCr resulting in an increase in [ADP], which is the stimulus to AN degradation during intense exercise.
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Publication Date: 1992-01-01 PubMed ID: 1396658DOI: 10.1007/BF00705093Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study explores how the degradation of adenine nucleotide, a key factor in energy metabolism, occurs in thoroughbred horses during intense exercise. The research signifies a defined threshold for the start of the degradation process, impacted by the concentration levels of muscle inosine 5′-monophosphate (IMP) and plasma ammonia (NH3).

Objective and Methodology

  • The primary objective of the research was to analyze the concentrations of muscle inosine 5′-monophosphate (IMP) and plasma ammonia (NH3) during intense exercise and compare them with the concentrations of muscle and blood lactate. Understanding this correlation could assist in comprehending the onset of adenine nucleotide degradation in horses during intense exercise.
  • Seven trained thoroughbred horses were put through an exercise regimen on a treadmill ranging from 30 seconds to 150 seconds at speeds of 11 and/or 12 meters per second.
  • Blood and muscle samples were collected and evaluated for various parameters including lactate, NH3, adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP), phosphorylcreatine (PCr), IMP, creatine, lactate, and glycerol-3-phosphate.

Findings and Interpretation

  • The research found varying levels of adenine nucleotide degradation in horses, as indicated by plasma [NH3] and muscle [ATP] and [IMP] concentrations.
  • A threshold for the start of adenine nucleotide (AN) degradation was in evidence, corresponding to a lactate content of around 80 mmol.kg-1 dry muscle and 15 mmol.l-1 in blood.
  • The study suggests that the formation of IMP likely happens due to an abrupt surge in the concentration of adenosine 5′-diphosphate (ADP), leading to a rise in adenosine 5′-monophosphate.
  • A critical pH level is suggested, below which there may be a substantial decrease in the kinetics of ADP rephosphorylation facilitated by PCr, resulting in an upsurge in [ADP]. This increase in ADP might trigger the degradation of AN during intense exercise.

Significance of the Study

  • The research provides valuable insights into energy metabolism during strenuous physical activity in horses, which can be crucial for optimizing their training and performance.
  • Understanding the threshold and mechanisms of AN degradation can also inform veterinary care and the development of nutritional supplements to aid equine performance.
  • Furthermore, such studies can also contribute to the broader field of exercise physiology, potentially adding to our understanding of energy metabolism in other species, including humans.

Cite This Article

APA
Sewell DA, Harris RC. (1992). Adenine nucleotide degradation in the thoroughbred horse with increasing exercise duration. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol, 65(3), 271-277. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00705093

Publication

European journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology
ISSN: 0301-5548
NlmUniqueID: 0410266
Country: Germany
Language: English
Volume: 65
Issue: 3
Pages: 271-277

Researcher Affiliations

Sewell, D A
  • Department of Physiology, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK.
Harris, R C

    MeSH Terms

    • Adenine Nucleotides / metabolism
    • Adenosine Triphosphate / metabolism
    • Ammonia / blood
    • Animals
    • Female
    • Horses / metabolism
    • Horses / physiology
    • Inosine Monophosphate / blood
    • Lactates / blood
    • Male
    • Muscles / metabolism
    • Physical Conditioning, Animal
    • Time Factors

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    Citations

    This article has been cited 4 times.
    1. Ipata PL, Pesi R. Metabolic interaction between purine nucleotide cycle and oxypurine cycle during skeletal muscle contraction of different intensities: a biochemical reappraisal. Metabolomics 2018 Feb 27;14(4):42.
      doi: 10.1007/s11306-018-1341-0pubmed: 30830332google scholar: lookup
    2. Yamazaki M, Kusano K, Ishibashi T, Kiuchi M, Koyama K. Intravenous infusion of H2-saline suppresses oxidative stress and elevates antioxidant potential in Thoroughbred horses after racing exercise. Sci Rep 2015 Oct 23;5:15514.
      doi: 10.1038/srep15514pubmed: 26493164google scholar: lookup
    3. De Palo EF, Gatti R, Bigon L, Previti O, De Palo CB. Branched-chainα-amino acid chronic treatment: responses of plasmaα-keto-related compounds and ammonia when used in physical exercise performance. Amino Acids 1996 Dec;10(4):317-32.
      doi: 10.1007/BF00805860pubmed: 24178593google scholar: lookup
    4. Sewell DA, Gleeson M, Blannin AK. Hyperammonaemia in relation to high-intensity exercise duration in man. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1994;69(4):350-4.
      doi: 10.1007/BF00392042pubmed: 7851372google scholar: lookup
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