Adipose tissue-derived adiponectin expression is significantly associated with increased post operative mortality in horses undergoing emergency abdominal surgery.
Abstract: Adipose tissue is an important source of inflammatory cytokines (adipokines) and adiposity has been identified as having a significant effect on human morbidity and mortality. Obesity is also an emerging welfare problem in the UK horse population, but the role that it plays in secondary diseases is unclear. Objective: To examine the expression of inflammation-related adipokine genes in retroperitoneal adipose tissue of horses undergoing emergency abdominal surgery and to explore associations with adiposity and post operative survival. Methods: Retroperitoneal adipose tissue samples were obtained from 76 horses undergoing emergency abdominal surgery. Real-time PCR was used to measure gene expression for leptin, adiponectin, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, macrophage chemoattractant protein-1, macrophage inhibitory factor, serum amyloid A, haptoglobin and interleukin-1. Multivariate patterns of adipokine expression were explored with principal component analysis (PCA), whilst univariable associations with post operative survival were tested in a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Leptin gene expression was higher in overweight and obese horses than in lean animals. Expression of mRNA encoding adiponectin mRNA in visceral adipose tissue was positively associated with increased post operative mortality (hazard ratio 1.31, 95% CI 1.05-1.65). However, PCA did not demonstrate multivariable patterns of adipokine gene expression from visceral adipose tissue associated with body mass index or with survival. Conclusions: In horses presented with acute intestinal disease, increased adiponectin gene expression from retroperitoneal adipose tissue is associated with an increased risk of mortality. Obesity assessed by BMI had no association with increased post operative mortality in horses with primary gastrointestinal disease. Conclusions: Further study is warranted on the expression and effects of adipokines, particularly adiponectin, and correlation with postoperative outcome.
© 2011 EVJ Ltd.
Publication Date: 2011-08-04 PubMed ID: 21790751DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2011.00404.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research article investigates the relationship between obesity-related inflammation markers, specifically focusing on the adipokine adiponectin, in horses undergoing emergency abdominal surgery and its impact on postoperative survival. The study finds a positive correlation between increased adiponectin gene expression in the retroperitoneal adipose tissue and higher postoperative mortality rates, but found no such correlation with obesity as determined by Body Mass Index (BMI).
Objectives and Methodology
- This study aimed to observe the role of increased adiposity in horses’ health, specifically looking at the adipokines, which are inflammatory cytokines produced by the adipose tissue. The focus was on any causal relationships between adipokine expression in horses undergoing emergency abdominal surgery with both their adiposity levels and postoperative survival.
- A sample of 76 horses requiring emergency abdominal surgery provided the retroperitoneal adipose tissue for examination. The team used real-time PCR to measure the gene expression of various adipokines: leptin, adiponectin, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, macrophage chemoattractant protein-1, macrophage inhibitory factor, serum amyloid A, haptoglobin and interleukin-1.
- The multivariate patterns in adipokine expression were explored using principal component analysis (PCA) while the univariate associations with postoperative survival were tested with a Cox proportional hazards model.
Results
- Overweight and obese horses demonstrated higher leptin gene expression compared to their lean counterparts.
- The research found a positive association between adiponectin mRNA expression in the visceral adipose tissue and heightened postoperative mortality (hazard ratio 1.31, 95% CI 1.05-1.65).
- The PCA, however, did not show multivariate patterns of adipokine gene expression in the visceral adipose tissue related to body mass index (BMI) or survival.
Conclusions
- In horses suffering from acute intestinal disease, the increase in adiponectin gene expression in the retroperitoneal adipose tissue is associated with a heightened risk of mortality.
- However, there was no connection found between obesity as measured via BMI and higher postoperative mortality in horses with primary gastrointestinal disease.
- These findings indicate a need for further research on the expression and effects of adipokines, especially adiponectin, and their link with postoperative results.
Cite This Article
APA
Packer MJ, German AJ, Hunter L, Trayhurn P, Proudman CJ.
(2011).
Adipose tissue-derived adiponectin expression is significantly associated with increased post operative mortality in horses undergoing emergency abdominal surgery.
Equine Vet J Suppl(39), 26-33.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.2011.00404.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK. mjpacker@liverpool.ac.uk
MeSH Terms
- Adiponectin / genetics
- Adiponectin / metabolism
- Animals
- Digestive System Surgical Procedures / adverse effects
- Digestive System Surgical Procedures / veterinary
- Emergencies / veterinary
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation / physiology
- Horse Diseases / mortality
- Horse Diseases / surgery
- Horses
- Intra-Abdominal Fat / metabolism
- Male
- Obesity / veterinary
- Postoperative Complications / mortality
- Postoperative Complications / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Stöckle SD, Kannapin DA, Kauter AML, Lübke-Becker A, Walther B, Merle R, Gehlen H. A Pilot Randomised Clinical Trial Comparing a Short-Term Perioperative Prophylaxis Regimen to a Long-Term Standard Protocol in Equine Colic Surgery.. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021 May 16;10(5).
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