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Advances in cooled semen technologies: seminal plasma and semen extender.
Abstract: This study evaluated motility and fertility of uncentrifuged and centrifuged equine semen following dilution in a skim milk-glucose extender with or without supplemental Tyrode's medium. In addition, the effect of seminal plasma addition to each extender was evaluated. For Experiment 1, motility of 48h cooled, stored spermatozoa was evaluated following eight dilution treatments: uncentrifuged and diluted 1:4 (v/v) in skim milk-glucose extender (EZ Mixin CSTJ; CST-1:4) or in CST supplemented 65:35 (v/v) with modified Tyrode's medium (KMT-1:4); uncentrifuged and diluted to 25x10(6) spermatozoa/ml in CST (CST-1:9) or in KMT (KMT-1:9); centrifuged and diluted in CST with 0% seminal plasma (CST-0) or 20% seminal plasma (CST-20) or centrifuged and diluted in KMT containing 0% seminal plasma (KMT-0) or in KMT containing 20% seminal plasma (KMT-20). Sperm motility parameters evaluated included percentage of total motile sperm (% TMOT), percentage of progressively motile sperm (% PMOT), curvilinear velocity (VCL) and straight-line velocity (VSL). Mean % PMOT was lower (P<0.05) for spermatozoa extended in CST-1:4 compared to CST-1:9, whereas, all motility parameters were reduced (P<0.05) in KMT-1:4 compared to KMT-1:9. Spermatozoa extended in CST-1:4 had greater % TMOT, % PMOT and VSL (P<0.05) than in KMT-1:4. Spermatozoa extended in CST-1:9 had greater (P<0.05) % PMOT than in KMT-1:9, however, VCL was greater (P<0.05) in KMT-1:9. Mean VCL and VSL were lower (P<0.05) for spermatozoa extended in CST-0 compared with CST-20, whereas, spermatozoa extended in KMT-0 had greater (P<0.05) % TMOT, % PMOT and VSL compared to spermatozoa extended in KMT-20. Mean % TMOT and % PMOT were greater (P<0.05) in CST-20 compared to KMT-20, however, KMT-0 increased (P0.05). We conclude that modified Tyrode's medium was not detrimental to establishment of pregnancy. Use of modified Tyrode's medium may improve spermatozoal motility and pregnancy rates for cooled transport of semen from stallions in which all seminal plasma must be removed because of suspected toxic effects of seminal plasma on spermatozoal viability, however, Tyrode's medium may be detrimental to sperm motility when seminal plasma is present.
Publication Date: 2001-12-18 PubMed ID: 11744262DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4320(01)00154-3Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research paper explores the impact of different solutions on the motility and fertility of horse semen in both centrifuged and non-centrifuged conditions. The use of a skim milk-glucose solution, with or without Tyrode’s medium, is investigated and the effect of seminal plasma when added to these solutions is also examined.
Methodology and Experimentation
- The study involved two primary experiments, focusing on the effects of various dilution treatments on equine semen.
- In Experiment 1, the motility of horse sperm was evaluated after 48 hours of being cooled, following eight dilution treatments. The treatments involved diluting with skim milk-glucose extender in varying proportions, supplemented or not with Tyrode’s medium, and using centrifuged or non-centrifuged procedures.
- Various parameters on sperm motility were assessed, including the percentage of total mobile sperm, progressively motile sperm, and two measures of sperm velocity.
Results and Observations
- The motility of sperm decreased when extended in the skim-glucose solution at higher dilution or in the supplemented Tyrode’s medium at lower dilution.
- Sperm motility was consistently higher in the un-supplemented skim-glucose solution than the one supplemented with Tyrode’s medium.
- The addition of seminal plasma enhanced sperm velocity in the skim-glucose solution but reduced it in the Tyrode’s medium.
- In the second experiment, researchers found that the fertility of centrifuged sperm was similar, regardless of whether a modified version of Tyrode’s medium or the skim-glucose solution was used.
Conclusions and Implications
- Overall, the research paper suggests that Tyrode’s medium may not negatively impact the establishment of pregnancy and could improve sperm motility.
- However, the presence of seminal plasma could potentially interfere negatively with sperm motility when Tyrode’s medium is used.
- The data provides useful insights for devising efficient practices for the storage and transportation of equine semen.
Cite This Article
APA
Rigby SL, Brinsko SP, Cochran M, Blanchard TL, Love CC, Varner DD.
(2001).
Advances in cooled semen technologies: seminal plasma and semen extender.
Anim Reprod Sci, 68(3-4), 171-180.
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4320(01)00154-3 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Large Animal Medicine & Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4475, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Cryopreservation / methods
- Cryopreservation / veterinary
- Female
- Horses / physiology
- Insemination, Artificial / veterinary
- Male
- Pregnancy
- Random Allocation
- Semen
- Semen Preservation / methods
- Semen Preservation / veterinary
- Sperm Motility / physiology
Citations
This article has been cited 5 times.- Cheng Q, Li L, Jiang M, Liu B, Xian Y, Liu S, Liu X, Zhao W, Li F. Extend the Survival of Human Sperm In Vitro in Non-Freezing Conditions: Damage Mechanisms, Preservation Technologies, and Clinical Applications. Cells 2022 Sep 12;11(18).
- Anel-López L, Ortega-Ferrusola C, Martínez-Rodríguez C, Álvarez M, Borragán S, Chamorro C, Peña FJ, Anel L, de Paz P. Analysis of seminal plasma from brown bear (Ursus arctos) during the breeding season: Its relationship with testosterone levels. PLoS One 2017;12(8):e0181776.
- Sati L, Bennett D, Janes M, Huszar G. Next day determination of ejaculatory sperm motility after overnight shipment of semen to remote locations. J Assist Reprod Genet 2015 Jan;32(1):117-25.
- Barati F, Papahn AA, Afrough M, Barati M. Effects of Tyrode's solution osmolarities and milk on bull sperm storage above zero temperatures. Iran J Reprod Med 2011 Winter;9(1):25-30.
- Gallardo Bolaños JM, Miró Morán Á, Balao da Silva CM, Morillo Rodríguez A, Plaza Dávila M, Aparicio IM, Tapia JA, Ortega Ferrusola C, Peña FJ. Autophagy and apoptosis have a role in the survival or death of stallion spermatozoa during conservation in refrigeration. PLoS One 2012;7(1):e30688.
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