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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Vet Intern Med / Allergen-specific immunoglobulin E in sera of horses affecte...
Journal of veterinary internal medicine2018; 33(1); 266-274; doi: 10.1111/jvim.15355

Allergen-specific immunoglobulin E in sera of horses affected with insect bite hypersensitivity, severe equine asthma or both conditions.

Abstract: Genetic, epidemiologic, and clinical evidence suggests that, in horses, there are manifestations of hypersensitivity that can occur together. Objective: To investigate whether concurrent insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) and severe equine asthma (EA) is associated with higher allergen-specific and total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentrations than only EA or IBH. Methods: Healthy control horses (C, n = 40), horses with IBH (IBH, n = 24), severe EA (EA, n = 18), and both conditions (IBH/EA, n = 23) were included. Methods: In our retrospective comparative study, sera from horses with signs of severe EA, IBH, and control animals were used. IgE specific for 15 recombinant (r) allergens as well as total serum IgE concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Group IBH (median sum r-Culicoides IgE: optical density at 405 nm [OD ] = 3.54 [0.48-15.07]) and group IBH/EA (OD  = 4.55 [0.46-17.15]) had significantly (P  .05) differences between group IBH and group IBH/EA. No significant differences among the groups were found for the other r-allergens or total serum IgE concentration. Compared to controls, horses with severe IBH had significantly increased IgE concentration to 5 Culicoides r-allergens (P < .05), whereas horses with moderate IBH had significantly increased IgE concentration to only 3 Culicoides r-allergens (P < .05). Conclusions: Susceptibility of IBH-affected horses to develop EA is likely not associated with IgE-mediated immune reactions but with other immunopathological mechanisms.
© 2018 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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Publication Date: 2018-12-06 PubMed ID: 30520523PubMed Central: PMC6335542DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15355Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research investigates the relationship between two types of hypersensitivity in horses: insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) and severe equine asthma (EA). The study aims to compare whether horses suffering from both conditions simultaneously have a higher concentration of specific allergen-related and overall immunoglobulin E (IgE) in their blood, compared to horses with only one of these conditions.

Methods

  • The study categorized horses into four groups: Healthy control horses, horses with IBH, horses with severe EA, and horses with both IBH and EA. Specific Imunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were then measured for fifteen different allergens using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, which is a common laboratory technique used to measure the concentration of specific proteins in a sample.

Observations and Results

  • The IgE levels against allergens from the Culicoides genus of insects were found to be significantly higher in horses with IBH and those with both conditions (IBH and EA), compared to healthy horses or those with only severe EA.
  • There were no significant differences in the concentration of IgE antibodies against the Culicoides allergens between horses with IBH alone and those suffering from both conditions.
  • Additionally, no significant differences were observed in any of the other 14 allergens or the total IgE concentration across the groups of horses.
  • Within the group of horses suffering from IBH, those with a severe form of the condition exhibited higher IgE levels against five specific Culicoides allergens while those with moderate IBH demonstrated increased levels to only three Culicoides allergens.

Conclusions

  • The increased propensity of horses suffering from IBH to develop severe equine asthma does not seem to be linked to IgE-mediated immune reactions, implying that other immunopathological mechanisms may be implicated.
  • The results of this study indicate that simply the presence or concentration of allergen-specific IgE in the blood may not necessarily correlate with the severity or type of hypersensitivity reaction in these horses.
  • The study’s findings may also have broader relevance in understanding the pathology of concurrent allergic reactions in other animals and potentially in humans as well.

Cite This Article

APA
Verdon M, Lanz S, Rhyner C, Gerber V, Marti E. (2018). Allergen-specific immunoglobulin E in sera of horses affected with insect bite hypersensitivity, severe equine asthma or both conditions. J Vet Intern Med, 33(1), 266-274. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15355

Publication

Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
NlmUniqueID: 8708660
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 33
Issue: 1
Pages: 266-274

Researcher Affiliations

Verdon, Maëva
  • Equine clinic, Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, University of Bern and Agroscope, Berne, Switzerland.
Lanz, Simone
  • Equine clinic, Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, University of Bern and Agroscope, Berne, Switzerland.
Rhyner, Claudio
  • Department of Vaccine Development, Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland.
Gerber, Vinzenz
  • Equine clinic, Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, University of Bern and Agroscope, Berne, Switzerland.
Marti, Eliane
  • Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Berne, Switzerland.

MeSH Terms

  • Allergens / immunology
  • Animals
  • Asthma / blood
  • Asthma / immunology
  • Asthma / veterinary
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Ceratopogonidae / immunology
  • Female
  • Horse Diseases / blood
  • Horse Diseases / immunology
  • Horses
  • Hypersensitivity / blood
  • Hypersensitivity / immunology
  • Hypersensitivity / veterinary
  • Immunoglobulin E / blood
  • Immunoglobulin E / immunology
  • Insect Bites and Stings / blood
  • Insect Bites and Stings / immunology
  • Insect Bites and Stings / veterinary
  • Male
  • Retrospective Studies

Grant Funding

  • Account : 39-890 / Institut Suisse de Mu00e9decine u00c9quine
  • 310030-160196 and / Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Fu00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
  • 131003A162548/1 / Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Fu00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung

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