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Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2025; 15(11); 1604; doi: 10.3390/ani15111604

Alterations in the Peritoneal Fluid Proteome of Horses with Colic Attributed to Ischemic and Non-Ischemic Intestinal Disease.

Abstract: Peritoneal fluid (PF) is intimately associated with the gastrointestinal tract, and changes in the PF may directly reflect abdominal pathology. We aimed to quantify differences in the PF proteome between intestinal lesion type (ischemic vs. non-ischemic) and location (small vs. large intestine). PF samples were collected at hospital admission from horses presenting for abdominal pain (colic). Cases were clinically categorized by lesion type and location after resolution (10 per group). PF proteins were extracted and quantified by label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy. Data were analyzed in Perseus and R, with functional annotation by UniProtKB and interaction visualization in STRING. Sixteen proteins unique to ischemic lesions and twelve unique to small intestinal lesions had significant network enrichment with functions related to inflammatory and immune responses. Identified proteins related to ischemic and small intestinal lesions included calprotectin, lactotransferrin, alpha 2 macroglobulin, and serine proteases/protease inhibitors, as well as apolipoprotein B and lipid metabolism pathways not previously described in relation to ischemic intestinal disease. While no single biomarker is expected to adequately diagnose or predict the outcome of equine colic, the proteins identified here should be considered as candidates for further study in a larger population.
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Publication Date: 2025-05-30 PubMed ID: 40509070PubMed Central: PMC12153689DOI: 10.3390/ani15111604Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study investigates the changes in the peritoneal fluid (fluid around the abdomen) of horses suffering from colic, focused on alterations between ischemic and non-ischemic intestinal disease and their location in the small or large intestine. The research identifies groups of proteins associated with different types of intestinal lesions in horses, providing a basis for further investigation towards better diagnosis and prediction of equine colic outcomes.

Research Methodology

  • Peritoneal fluid samples were collected from horses brought to the hospital for abdominal pain, commonly known as colic. Post-treatment, these cases were classified based on the type and location of the intestinal lesion.
  • This study utilized label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy, a method for identifying and quantifying proteins in a sample. This allowed researchers to investigate biomarkers in the peritoneal fluid samples.
  • Data from the protein analysis was processed and analyzed using Perseus and R, statistical software often used in scientific research. Associated functions of the identified proteins were annotated using UniProtKB, a comprehensive database of protein sequence and functional information.
  • The interactions among the identified proteins were visualized in STRING, a biological database and web resource that provides a comprehensive interaction of known and predicted protein-protein interaction networks.

Key Findings

  • Sixteen proteins were identified as unique to ischemic lesions, and twelve were exclusive to small intestinal lesions, with significant network functions related to inflammatory and immune responses.
  • Among the identified proteins related to ischemic and small intestinal lesions were calprotectin, lactotransferrin, alpha 2 macroglobulin, and serine proteases/protease inhibitors. These are critical proteins involved in various cellular processes and immune responses.
  • The study also identified apolipoprotein B and lipid metabolism pathways, which had not been previously associated with ischemic intestinal disease.

Implications and Further Studies

  • No single biomarker is expected to efficiently diagnose or predict the outcome of equine colic, underlining the complexity of the disease. However, this study opens a path to potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
  • The identified proteins from this research should be investigated further in larger population samples to validate their significance to the disease process and their potential as diagnostic or prognostic markers.

Cite This Article

APA
Bishop RC, Arrington JV, Wilkins PA, McCoy AM. (2025). Alterations in the Peritoneal Fluid Proteome of Horses with Colic Attributed to Ischemic and Non-Ischemic Intestinal Disease. Animals (Basel), 15(11), 1604. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15111604

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 15
Issue: 11
PII: 1604

Researcher Affiliations

Bishop, Rebecca C
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, 1008 W Hazelwood Dr, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
Arrington, Justine V
  • Proteomics Core Facility, Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois, 1206 W Gregory Dr, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
Wilkins, Pamela A
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, 1008 W Hazelwood Dr, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
McCoy, Annette M
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, 1008 W Hazelwood Dr, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.

Grant Funding

  • D22EQ-806; D23EQ-452 / Morris Animal Foundation

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

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