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Amyloid in the horse: a report of nine cases.
Abstract: Out of approximately 16,000 horses referred for clinical examination, nine had amyloidosis. Six of these horses had localised amyloid deposits in the wall of the nasal meatus and ventral turbinates associated with epistaxis. Horse 1 also developed malignant histiolymphocytic lymphosarcomas. The amyloid deposits were potassium permanganate-resistant and tryptophan-positive. Gel filtration of solubilised amyloid fibrils from Horse 1 revealed a major retarded fraction with an apparent molecular weight of 20 kD. This protein had an amino acid composition similar to human AL-amyloid proteins and horse immunoglobulin light chains. On Western blot a strong cross-reaction was observed between horse 1gG2a light chains and the Horse 1 amyloid. Horses 7 to 9 had suppurative verminous aneurysm, tuberculosis and an adrenal cortical adenoma, respectively, and had generalised amyloid deposits in liver and spleen. These amyloid deposits were found to be potassium permanganate-sensitive and positive for tryptophan. Gel filtration of solubilised amyloid fibrils from Horse 8 revealed a major retarded fraction (protein AA) with an apparent molecular weight of 10 kD. Immunoperoxidase-antiperoxidase staining showed the localised deposits to be negative or only weakly positive with antisera against bovine, hamster, dog and human protein AA and to be positive with anti-horse-one amyloid protein. The generalised deposits were found to be positive with the antisera against allogenic protein AA. The results of the potassium permanganate incubation, biochemistry, immunoblotting and immunochemistry, indicate that the localised amyloid of Horse 1 and most likely the amyloid of Horses 2 to 6, is of the AL-type. The generalised amyloid deposits were found to be of the AA type.
Publication Date: 1988-07-01 PubMed ID: 3168988DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1988.tb01524.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Case Reports
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The study reports on nine cases of amyloidosis detected among about 16,000 horses referred for clinical examination. The research explored the presence, type, and characteristics of amyloid deposits in horse tissues, identifying distinctive signs of two types of deposits: AL and AA.
Research Context and Sample
- The research was conducted by studying approximately 16,000 horses that were referred for clinical examination. In these set of horses, nine were detected with the condition of amyloidosis.
- The amyloidosis disease in horses was either localized or generalized. In detail, six horses had localized amyloid deposits, and these were primarily discovered in the wall of the nasal meatus and ventral turbinates and linked to traits like epistaxis or nose bleeding. Other diseases were observed along with these cases such as malignant lymphosarcomas. The remaining horses (7 to 9) had systemic or generalized amyloid deposits, which were correlated with various other conditions like aneurysm, tuberculosis, or adrenal cortical adenoma.
Nature of Amyloid Deposits
- Two types of amyloid deposits were identified based on potassium permanganate sensitivity, namely potassium permanganate-resistant deposits and potassium permanganate-sensitive deposits.
- All the amyloid deposits examined were found to be positive for tryptophan, an essential amino acid.
- The localization and generalization of amyloid deposits appeared to correspond to their potassium permanganate sensitivity and resistance. The generalised deposits were found to be potassium permanganate-sensitive, while the localised were resistant.
- In the scientific method used, gel filtration of solubilised amyloid fibrils, the two types showed significant differences, the potassium permanganate-resistant deposits showed a major retarded fraction of molecular weight 20 kD whereas the sensitive ones showed a molecular weight of only 10 kD.
Types of Amyloid: AL and AA
- The research study was successful in identifying of two distinct types of amyloid: AL and AA.
- Indications suggest that the localized amyloid, observed in Horse 1 and most likely in Horses 2 to 6 as well, is of the AL-type. The AL-type amyloid protein showed strong similarities with human AL-amyloid proteins and horse immunoglobulin light chains, as evidenced by the results from the Gel filtration studies and Western blot method.
- On the other hand, the generalized deposits in Horses 7 to 9 were related to AA-type amyloids. This confidence comes from the results of the potassium permanganate incubation, biochemistry, immunoblotting and immunochemistry. These deposits were evidently positive with the use of antisera against allogenic protein AA, used during immunoperoxidase-antiperoxidase staining.
Cite This Article
APA
van Andel AC, Gruys E, Kroneman J, Veerkamp J.
(1988).
Amyloid in the horse: a report of nine cases.
Equine Vet J, 20(4), 277-285.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.1988.tb01524.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands.
MeSH Terms
- Amyloid / classification
- Amyloidosis / classification
- Amyloidosis / epidemiology
- Amyloidosis / pathology
- Amyloidosis / veterinary
- Animals
- Female
- Horse Diseases / epidemiology
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horses
- Male
Citations
This article has been cited 4 times.- Jürgenschellert L, Krücken J, Bousquet E, Bartz J, Heyer N, Nielsen MK, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G. Occurrence of Strongylid Nematode Parasites on Horse Farms in Berlin and Brandenburg, Germany, With High Seroprevalence of Strongylus vulgaris Infection. Front Vet Sci 2022;9:892920.
- Genova F, Nonnis S, Maffioli E, Tedeschi G, Strillacci MG, Carisetti M, Sironi G, Cupaioli FA, Di Nanni N, Mezzelani A, Mosca E, Helps CR, Leegwater PAJ, Dorso L, Longeri M. Multi-omic analyses in Abyssinian cats with primary renal amyloid deposits. Sci Rep 2021 Apr 16;11(1):8339.
- Østevik L, Gunnes G, de Souza GA, Wien TN, Sørby R. Nasal and ocular amyloidosis in a 15-year-old horse. Acta Vet Scand 2014 Aug 27;56(1):50.
- Gruys E. Protein folding pathology in domestic animals. J Zhejiang Univ Sci 2004 Oct;5(10):1226-38.
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