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Home / Equine Research Bank / Parasit Vectors / Anaplasma phagocytophilum in horses and ticks in Tunisia.
Parasites & vectors2012; 5; 180; doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-5-180

Anaplasma phagocytophilum in horses and ticks in Tunisia.

Abstract: Anaplasma phagocytophilum , the causative agent of granulocytic anaplasmosis, affects several species of wild and domesticated mammals, including horses. We used direct and indirect methods to compare and evaluate exposure to A. phagocytophilum in horses in northern Tunisia. Methods: Serum from 60 horses was tested by IFA for antibodies to A. phagocytophilum , and whole blood was tested for A. phagocytophilum 16S rRNA gene using a nested-PCR. To examine the risk of A. phagocytophilum transmission, 154 ticks that had been collected from horses were examined for the presence of A. phagocytophilum by nested-PCR targeting 16S rRNA gene. Results: This is the first time that A. phagocytophilum has been detected in horses in Tunisia, with an overall seroprevalence of 40/60 (67%). Six of the seroreactive samples (10%) had an IFA titer of 1:80, 14 (23%) of 1:160, 8 (13%) of 1:320 and 12 (20%) a titer 1 ≥ 640. The seroprevalence revealed no significant regional and sex differences. In contrast, a significant difference was observed between breeds. Eight (13%) of the horses were positive for A. phagocytophilum in the PCR, with no significant breed and age differences. Hyalomma marginatum was a predominant tick species (130/154), and 3 were infected by A. phagocytophilum (a prevalence of 2.3%). The concordance rate of A. phagocytophilum detection between IFA and PCR had a k value of -0.07. Conclusions: The results presented in this study suggest that horses infested by ticks in Tunisia are exposed to A. phagocytophilum.
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Publication Date: 2012-08-30 PubMed ID: 22935132PubMed Central: PMC3453519DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-5-180Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research focused on evaluating exposure to Anaplasma phagocytophilum, a bacteria causing granulocytic anaplasmosis in mammals, in horses and ticks in northern Tunisia. Findings revealed that 67% of the tested horses have been exposed to this bacteria with Hyalomma marginatum ticks acting as potential carriers.

Study Rationale and Methodology

  • Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a bacterium that can cause disease in various wild and domestic mammals, including horses.
  • The study took place in northern Tunisia. It included testing blood serum from 60 horses with the Indirect Fluorescent Antibody (IFA) test for the presence of antibodies to A. phagocytophilum, and testing whole blood via Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for A. phagocytophilum 16S rRNA gene.
  • To determine the risk of A. phagocytophilum transmission from ticks, researchers also collected and examined 154 ticks from horses and used nested-PCR targeting 16S rRNA gene to check for the presence of this bacteria.

Key Findings

  • This is the first time A. phagocytophilum has been detected in horses in Tunisia. The serum tests showed a high seroprevalence of 67%. This means that 67% of the tested horses had developed antibodies to A. phagocytophilum after getting infected.
  • The seroprevalence didn’t show significant differences by region or sex. However, it did reveal differences between breeds.
  • Through PCR analysis, it was concluded that 13% of horses were found to carry the A. phagocytophilum bacteria. There were no significant variations based on breed and age of the horse.
  • The predominant tick species collected from the horses, Hyalomma marginatum (making up 84.4% of the samples), showed an infection rate of 2.3%.
  • The concordance rate, i.e., the level of agreement between the IFA and PCR test results, was found to have a k value of -0.07, indicating minimal agreement between both test results.

Study Implications

  • This study suggests that horses infested with ticks in Tunisia are at a significant risk of exposure to A. phagocytophilum.
  • The high prevalence observed underscores the need to implement appropriate control measures to prevent the spread of this bacterium.
  • The findings also highlight the critical role ticks, particularly Hyalomma marginatum, play in the transmission of A. phagocytophilum, thereby emphasizing the importance of tick control in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
M'ghirbi Y, Yaïch H, Ghorbel A, Bouattour A. (2012). Anaplasma phagocytophilum in horses and ticks in Tunisia. Parasit Vectors, 5, 180. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-5-180

Publication

Parasites & vectors
ISSN: 1756-3305
NlmUniqueID: 101462774
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 5
Pages: 180

Researcher Affiliations

M'ghirbi, Youmna
  • Laboratoire d'Épidémiologie et Microbiologie Vétérinaire, Service d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis 1002, Tunisia.
Yaïch, Hèla
    Ghorbel, Abderazek
      Bouattour, Ali

        MeSH Terms

        • Anaplasma phagocytophilum / isolation & purification
        • Animals
        • Antibodies, Bacterial / blood
        • DNA, Bacterial / chemistry
        • DNA, Bacterial / genetics
        • DNA, Ribosomal / chemistry
        • DNA, Ribosomal / genetics
        • Ehrlichiosis / epidemiology
        • Ehrlichiosis / microbiology
        • Ehrlichiosis / veterinary
        • Female
        • Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect
        • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
        • Horse Diseases / microbiology
        • Horses / microbiology
        • Male
        • Molecular Sequence Data
        • Polymerase Chain Reaction
        • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics
        • Sequence Analysis, DNA
        • Seroepidemiologic Studies
        • Ticks / microbiology
        • Tunisia / epidemiology

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