Aneurysm of the cranial mesenteric artery as a site of carriage of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Abortusequi in the horse.
Abstract: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Abortusequi is a pathogen restricted to horses. Our investigation targeted 4 draft horses (9-10 months old) kept on a Japanese farm that had suffered an outbreak of S. Abortusequi abortion. The 4 horses were suspected to be carriers of the bacterium owing to their high agglutination titers (≥1:2,560) in tube agglutination testing. The owners' on-farm observations confirmed that the horses had no apparent abnormalities, and S. Abortusequi was not isolated from their blood, rectal swabs, or sternal bone marrow fluid at antemortem investigation. However, at autopsy, all horses displayed the following: suppurative aneurysm of the cranial mesenteric artery with heavy infection with Strongylus vulgaris larvae; heavy intestinal parasitic infection with Gasterophilus intestinalis, Parascaris equorum, Anoplocephala perfoliata, and S. vulgaris; and enlargement of the systemic lymph nodes. In each case, large numbers of S. Abortusequi were isolated from the anterior mesenteric artery thrombus. The thrombus isolates harbored a single virulence plasmid, and the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles of the isolates were identical not only to each other but also to those of Japanese enzootic strains of S. Abortusequi. These results reveal that parasitic aneurysms of the cranial mesenteric artery should be considered an important possible site of carriage of S. Abortusequi in horses. The results also suggest high clonality of the isolated serovar in the horse population in Japan.
© 2016 The Author(s).
Publication Date: 2016-06-06 PubMed ID: 27271985DOI: 10.1177/1040638716649640Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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This research explored a specific strain of the Salmonella bacterium, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Abortusequi, in horses and discovered that this strain can be harbored in parasitic aneurysms specifically found in horses’ cranial mesenteric artery.
Research Context and Objectives
- The study was conducted on a Japanese farm where an outbreak of S. Abortusequi abortion occurred in horses.
- The research focused on Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Abortusequi, a type of Salmonella bacterium that exclusively affects horses.
- The main objective was to locate and identify possible sites of carriage (where the bacteria reside) of this bacterial strain in horses, especially since high levels of this bacterium were detected in the horses’ blood.
Methodology and Findings
- The researchers examined four draft horses, aged between 9 to 10 months, which were suspected to carry this bacterial strain due to their high agglutination titers – a measurement of the horses’ immune response to the bacteria.
- Although the horses showed no visible signs of disease and the bacteria could not be detected in their blood, rectal swabs, or sternal bone marrow fluid, autopsy revealed a heavy parasitic infection in the horses.
- Crucially, the infection included a suppurative (pus-filled) aneurysm in the cranial mesenteric artery, alongside heavy intestinal parasitic infections and enlargement of the systemic lymph nodes.
- S. Abortusequi were isolated in large numbers from the anterior mesenteric artery thrombus (a blood clot within the artery), suggesting the aneurysm as a potential site of carriage for the bacteria.
Implications and Recommendations
- The study concluded that parasitic aneurysms in the cranial mesenteric artery of horses could be critical sites of carriage for S. Abortusequi.
- This finding suggests that further research should be conducted on these particular sites for disease control and prevention strategies.
- Moreover, this also reveals that the serovar (a variant within a species) of the bacteria found in these horses are highly clonal, suggesting that they stem from identical previous isolates. This can have implications for understanding and controlling the spread of this bacterial strain in the horse population in Japan.
Cite This Article
APA
Niwa H, Hobo S, Kinoshita Y, Muranaka M, Ochi A, Ueno T, Oku K, Hariu K, Katayama Y.
(2016).
Aneurysm of the cranial mesenteric artery as a site of carriage of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Abortusequi in the horse.
J Vet Diagn Invest, 28(4), 440-444.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1040638716649640 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- The Enzootic Research Center, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi, Japan (Niwa, Kinoshita, Muranaka, Ochi, Ueno, Oku, Hariu, Katayama)Department of Domestic Animal Internal Medicine, Clinical Veterinary Science, Veterinary Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan (Hobo) niwa@equinst.go.jp.
- The Enzootic Research Center, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi, Japan (Niwa, Kinoshita, Muranaka, Ochi, Ueno, Oku, Hariu, Katayama)Department of Domestic Animal Internal Medicine, Clinical Veterinary Science, Veterinary Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan (Hobo).
- The Enzootic Research Center, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi, Japan (Niwa, Kinoshita, Muranaka, Ochi, Ueno, Oku, Hariu, Katayama)Department of Domestic Animal Internal Medicine, Clinical Veterinary Science, Veterinary Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan (Hobo).
- The Enzootic Research Center, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi, Japan (Niwa, Kinoshita, Muranaka, Ochi, Ueno, Oku, Hariu, Katayama)Department of Domestic Animal Internal Medicine, Clinical Veterinary Science, Veterinary Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan (Hobo).
- The Enzootic Research Center, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi, Japan (Niwa, Kinoshita, Muranaka, Ochi, Ueno, Oku, Hariu, Katayama)Department of Domestic Animal Internal Medicine, Clinical Veterinary Science, Veterinary Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan (Hobo).
- The Enzootic Research Center, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi, Japan (Niwa, Kinoshita, Muranaka, Ochi, Ueno, Oku, Hariu, Katayama)Department of Domestic Animal Internal Medicine, Clinical Veterinary Science, Veterinary Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan (Hobo).
- The Enzootic Research Center, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi, Japan (Niwa, Kinoshita, Muranaka, Ochi, Ueno, Oku, Hariu, Katayama)Department of Domestic Animal Internal Medicine, Clinical Veterinary Science, Veterinary Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan (Hobo).
- The Enzootic Research Center, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi, Japan (Niwa, Kinoshita, Muranaka, Ochi, Ueno, Oku, Hariu, Katayama)Department of Domestic Animal Internal Medicine, Clinical Veterinary Science, Veterinary Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan (Hobo).
- The Enzootic Research Center, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi, Japan (Niwa, Kinoshita, Muranaka, Ochi, Ueno, Oku, Hariu, Katayama)Department of Domestic Animal Internal Medicine, Clinical Veterinary Science, Veterinary Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan (Hobo).
MeSH Terms
- Aneurysm / diagnosis
- Aneurysm / microbiology
- Aneurysm / pathology
- Aneurysm / veterinary
- Animals
- Female
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horse Diseases / microbiology
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horses
- Japan
- Male
- Mesenteric Arteries / microbiology
- Mesenteric Arteries / parasitology
- Mesenteric Arteries / pathology
- Salmonella Infections, Animal / complications
- Salmonella Infections, Animal / diagnosis
- Salmonella Infections, Animal / pathology
- Salmonella enterica / genetics
- Salmonella enterica / isolation & purification
- Serogroup
Citations
This article has been cited 4 times.- Wang J, Guo K, Li S, Liu D, Chu X, Wang Y, Guo W, Du C, Wang X, Hu Z. Development and Application of Real-Time PCR Assay for Detection of Salmonella Abortusequi.. J Clin Microbiol 2023 Mar 23;61(3):e0137522.
- Liu W, Han L, Song P, Sun H, Zhang C, Zou L, Cui J, Pan Q, Ren H. Complete genome sequencing of a Tequintavirus bacteriophage with a broad host range against Salmonella Abortus equi isolates from donkeys.. Front Microbiol 2022;13:938616.
- Sandholt AKS, Neimanis A, Roos A, Eriksson J, Söderlund R. Genomic signatures of host adaptation in group B Salmonella enterica ST416/ST417 from harbour porpoises.. Vet Res 2021 Oct 21;52(1):134.
- Wang X, Ji Y, Su J, Xue Y, Xi H, Wang Z, Bi L, Zhao R, Zhang H, Yang L, Guo Z, Guan Y, Feng X, Sun C, Lei L, Ur Rahman S, Dong J, Han W, Gu J. Therapeutic Efficacy of Phage P(IZ) SAE-01E2 against Abortion Caused by Salmonella enterica Serovar Abortusequi in Mice.. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020 Oct 28;86(22).
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