FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Rec / Antibiotics used most commonly to treat animals in Europe.
The Veterinary record2014; 175(13); 325; doi: 10.1136/vr.102462

Antibiotics used most commonly to treat animals in Europe.

Abstract: The Heads of Medicines Agencies and the Federation of Veterinarians of Europe undertook a survey to gain an insight into European prescribing of antibiotics for animals, in particular to highlight the diseases for which antibiotics are most commonly said to be prescribed and which different classes, including human critically important antibiotics (CIAs). The survey was completed by 3004 practitioners from 25 European countries. Many older antibiotics (eg, penicillins, tetracyclines) are cited most frequently as the prescribed classes to treat the main food producing species. The frequency of citation of non-CIAs predominates. CIAs are mostly frequently cited to be prescribed for: urinary diseases in cats (62 per cent), respiratory diseases in cattle (45 per cent), diarrhoea in cattle and pigs (respectively 29 per cent and 34 per cent), locomotion disorders in cattle (31 per cent), postpartum dysgalactia syndrome complex in pigs (31 per cent) and dental disease in dogs (36 per cent). Clear 'preferences' between countries can be observed between antibiotic classes. The use of national formularies and guidance helps to drive responsible use of antibiotics and can significantly reduce the extent of use of CIAs. A more widespread introduction of veterinary practice antibiotic prescribing policies and monitoring obedience to these should ensure more widespread compliance with responsible use guidelines.
British Veterinary Association.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2014-06-04 PubMed ID: 24899065PubMed Central: PMC4215272DOI: 10.1136/vr.102462Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article examines the use of antibiotics in treating animals across Europe, identifying the most commonly prescribed types, and detailing the specific diseases they are used to treat. The study also investigates usage patterns of critically important antibiotics (CIAs) that are vital for human health.

Objective of the Research

  • The research was conducted by the Heads of Medicines Agencies (a network of regulatory authorities responsible for medication from European Economic Area countries) and the Federation of Veterinarians of Europe. It aimed to gather insights into European practices around prescribing antibiotics for animals, targeting both the diseases these antibiotics are frequently used to treat, and the sort of antibiotics used, including CIAs.

Research Methodology

  • A survey was filled out by 3004 veterinary practitioners from 25 different European countries, forming the data set for the research.

Key Findings

  • It was found that older antibiotics (for example, penicillins and tetracyclines) were most commonly prescribed for treating major food-producing animal species.
  • In general, the citation frequency of non-CIAs predominated indicating that non-CIAs were more commonly prescribed than CIAs.
  • However, CIAs were frequently prescribed for urinary diseases in cats (62 per cent of the time), respiratory diseases in cattle (45 per cent), diarrhoea in cattle and pigs (29 per cent and 34 per cent respectively), locomotion disorders in cattle (31 per cent), postpartum dysgalactia syndrome complex in pigs (31 per cent), and dental diseases in dogs (36 per cent).
  • The research noted distinct preferences between countries for certain antibiotic classes.

Conclusions and Recommendations

  • The study concluded that responsible antibiotic usage can be facilitated by national formularies and guidance, which have the potential to drastically reduce the extent of CIAs use.
  • The researchers suggested a broader propagation of vet practice antibiotic prescribing policies and the monitoring of adherence to these policies. This would potentially ensure greater adherence to guidelines for responsible antibiotic usage.

Cite This Article

APA
De Briyne N, Atkinson J, Pokludová L, Borriello SP. (2014). Antibiotics used most commonly to treat animals in Europe. Vet Rec, 175(13), 325. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.102462

Publication

The Veterinary record
ISSN: 2042-7670
NlmUniqueID: 0031164
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 175
Issue: 13
Pages: 325

Researcher Affiliations

De Briyne, N
  • Federation of Veterinarians of Europe, Avenue Tervueren 12, Brussels 1040, Belgium.
Atkinson, J
  • Veterinary Medicines Directorate, Woodham Lane New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3LS, UK.
Pokludová, L
  • Institute for State Control of Veterinary Biologicals and Medicines, Brno, Czech Republic.
Borriello, S P
  • Veterinary Medicines Directorate, Woodham Lane New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3LS, UK.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Bacterial Infections / drug therapy
  • Bacterial Infections / veterinary
  • Cats
  • Cattle
  • Dogs
  • Europe
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • Practice Patterns, Physicians' / statistics & numerical data
  • Swine
  • Veterinarians

References

This article includes 27 references
  1. Bednorz C, Oelgeschläger K, Kinnemann B, Hartmann S, Neumann K, Pieper R, Bethe A, Semmler T, Tedin K, Schierack P, Wieler LH, Guenther S. The broader context of antibiotic resistance: zinc feed supplementation of piglets increases the proportion of multi-resistant Escherichia coli in vivo.. Int J Med Microbiol 2013 Aug;303(6-7):396-403.
    pubmed: 23856339doi: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2013.06.004google scholar: lookup
  2. Bowen IM, Slater JD. Protect ME; The responsible antimicrobial toolkit for equine practitioners.. .
  3. Callens B, Persoons D, Maes D, Laanen M, Postma M, Boyen F, Haesebrouck F, Butaye P, Catry B, Dewulf J. Prophylactic and metaphylactic antimicrobial use in Belgian fattening pig herds.. Prev Vet Med 2012 Sep 1;106(1):53-62.
    pubmed: 22494905doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.03.001google scholar: lookup
  4. DANMAP. Use of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from food animals, food and humans in Denmark.. 2012.
  5. De Briyne N, Atkinson J, Pokludová L, Borriello SP, Price S. Factors influencing antibiotic prescribing habits and use of sensitivity testing amongst veterinarians in Europe.. Vet Rec 2013 Nov 16;173(19):475.
    pmc: PMC3841786pubmed: 24068699doi: 10.1136/vr.101454google scholar: lookup
  6. Eco Antibio France. Action Plan.. 2012.
  7. ESVAC. Sales of veterinary antimicrobial agents in 25 EU/EEA countries in 2011.. 2013.
  8. European Commission. Action plan against the rising threats from Antimicrobial Resistance. 2011.
  9. European Commission Directive. Community code relating to veterinary medicinal products. Official Journal L 136/58, 30 April 2004.
  10. FECAVA. advise on responsible use of antimicrobials.. 2012.
  11. FVE. The Federation of Veterinarians of Europe views and action points for keeping antimicrobials effective, now and in the future and advice to using antimicrobials responsibly.. 2012.
  12. Food Chain Evaluation Consortium (FCEC). Evaluation of the EU Legislative Framework in the Field of Medicated Feed.. 2010.
  13. Grave K, Greko C, Kvaale MK, Torren-Edo J, Mackay D, Muller A, Moulin G. Sales of veterinary antibacterial agents in nine European countries during 2005-09: trends and patterns.. J Antimicrob Chemother 2012 Dec;67(12):3001-8.
    pubmed: 22915458doi: 10.1093/jac/dks298google scholar: lookup
  14. HMA. Strategic Plan on Antimicrobial Issues.. 2010.
  15. Holm A. Zinc oxide in treating E. coli diarrhea in pigs after weaning.. Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practising Veterinarian 1996;18:S26–S48.
  16. Hughes LA, Pinchbeck G, Callaby R, Dawson S, Clegg P, Williams N. Antimicrobial prescribing practice in UK equine veterinary practice.. Equine Vet J 2013 Mar;45(2):141-7.
    pubmed: 22994559doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2012.00602.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  17. Mateus A, Brodbelt DC, Barber N, Stärk KD. Antimicrobial usage in dogs and cats in first opinion veterinary practices in the UK.. J Small Anim Pract 2011 Oct;52(10):515-21.
    pubmed: 21824147doi: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2011.01098.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  18. Moreno MA. Survey of quantitative antimicrobial consumption in two different pig finishing systems.. Vet Rec 2012 Sep 29;171(13):325.
    pubmed: 22915683doi: 10.1136/vr.100818google scholar: lookup
  19. Rantala M, Hölsö K, Lillas A, Huovinen P, Kaartinen L. Survey of condition-based prescribing of antimicrobial drugs for dogs at a veterinary teaching hospital.. Vet Rec 2004 Aug 28;155(9):259-62.
    pubmed: 15461362doi: 10.1136/vr.155.9.259google scholar: lookup
  20. Royal Dutch Veterinary Association. Prudent use Guideline for Horses.. 2011.
  21. Royal Dutch Veterinary Association. Prudent use Guideline for Pigs.. 2012.
  22. Royal Dutch Veterinary Association. Prudent use Guideline to treat bacterial uterine infections in Cats and Dogs.. 2013.
  23. RUMA. Responsible use of antimicrobials in pig production.. 2004.
  24. RUMA. Responsible use of antibiotics in dairy and beef cattle production.. 2005.
  25. Scicluna C, Gronlund U, Ricardi G, Slater J. Factors influencing the antimicrobial choice of equine veterinarians in Europe. 2013, 13th WEVA congress Budapest October 2013.
  26. Weese JS. Investigation of antimicrobial use and the impact of antimicrobial use guidelines in a small animal veterinary teaching hospital: 1995-2004.. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2006 Feb 15;228(4):553-8.
    pubmed: 16478430doi: 10.2460/javma.228.4.553google scholar: lookup
  27. WHO. Third revision of the list of Critically Important Antimicrobials.. 2011.

Citations

This article has been cited 115 times.
  1. Rodríguez-Melcón C, Esteves A, Carballo J, Alonso-Calleja C, Capita R. Effect of Sodium Nitrite, Nisin and Lactic Acid on the Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Listeria monocytogenes Naturally Present in Poultry.. Foods 2023 Aug 31;12(17).
    doi: 10.3390/foods12173273pubmed: 37685205google scholar: lookup
  2. Schreiber A, Epstein SE, Byrne BA, Reagan KL. Survey of Bacterial Isolates and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns from Dogs with Infective Endocarditis.. Pathogens 2023 Aug 3;12(8).
    doi: 10.3390/pathogens12081011pubmed: 37623971google scholar: lookup
  3. Płókarz D, Bierowiec K, Rypuła K. Screening for Antimicrobial Resistance and Genes of Exotoxins in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Infected Dogs and Cats in Poland.. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023 Jul 24;12(7).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics12071226pubmed: 37508322google scholar: lookup
  4. Vercelli C, Amadori M, Gambino G, Re G. Does Nitrofurantoin Improve the Portfolio of Vets against Resistant Bacteria in Companion Animals?. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023 May 15;12(5).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics12050911pubmed: 37237814google scholar: lookup
  5. Cortez Nunes F, Taillieu E, Letra Mateus T, Teixeira S, Haesebrouck F, Amorim I. Molecular Detection of Metronidazole and Tetracycline Resistance Genes in Helicobacter pylori-Like Positive Gastric Samples from Pigs.. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023 May 13;12(5).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics12050906pubmed: 37237809google scholar: lookup
  6. Saeed MQ, Aziz M, Afzal RK, Hussain A, Manzoor H, Rasul S, Ruby T, Akrem A, Masud S, Arshad A, Latif A, Yousif M, Aali H, Fatima M, Bhutta MM, Khan AA. Antibiograms of Gut Flora of Poultry Farms Workers Reveal Higher Resistance Levels as Compared to Non-Workers.. Infect Drug Resist 2022;15:7699-7705.
    doi: 10.2147/IDR.S371930pubmed: 36600953google scholar: lookup
  7. Bonzelett C, Schnepf A, Hartmann M, Käsbohrer A, Kreienbrock L. Use of Antimicrobials by Class in Pigs in Germany-A Longitudinal Description Considering Different International Categorisation Systems.. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022 Dec 16;11(12).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11121833pubmed: 36551491google scholar: lookup
  8. Rodríguez-Melcón C, Esteves A, Panera-Martínez S, Capita R, Alonso-Calleja C. Quantification of Total and Viable Cells and Determination of Serogroups and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Listeria monocytogenes in Chicken Meat from the North-Western Iberian Peninsula.. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022 Dec 16;11(12).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11121828pubmed: 36551484google scholar: lookup
  9. Aurich S, Prenger-Berninghoff E, Ewers C. Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Bacterial Uropathogens Isolated from Dogs and Cats.. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022 Dec 1;11(12).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11121730pubmed: 36551391google scholar: lookup
  10. Vojtkovská V, Kaluža M, Voslářová E, Večerek V, Tomečková L. The morbidity and the spectrum of applied drugs in shelter cats in the Czech Republic.. Front Vet Sci 2022;9:1025197.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1025197pubmed: 36544553google scholar: lookup
  11. Jansen W, van Hout J, Wiegel J, Iatridou D, Chantziaras I, De Briyne N. Colistin Use in European Livestock: Veterinary Field Data on Trends and Perspectives for Further Reduction.. Vet Sci 2022 Nov 21;9(11).
    doi: 10.3390/vetsci9110650pubmed: 36423099google scholar: lookup
  12. Jerab J, Jansen W, Blackwell J, van Hout J, Palzer A, Lister S, Chantziaras I, Dewulf J, De Briyne N. Real-World Data on Antibiotic Group Treatment in European Livestock: Drivers, Conditions, and Alternatives.. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022 Aug 3;11(8).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11081046pubmed: 36009915google scholar: lookup
  13. Kovačević Z, Vidović J, Erdeljan M, Cincović M, Ružić Z, Galić I, Kukurić T, Stojanac N, Horvat O. Veterinary Practitioners' Standpoints and Comprehension towards Antimicrobial Use-Are There Opportunities for Antimicrobial Stewardship Improvement?. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022 Jun 27;11(7).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11070867pubmed: 35884121google scholar: lookup
  14. Hamame A, Davoust B, Cherak Z, Rolain JM, Diene SM. Mobile Colistin Resistance (mcr) Genes in Cats and Dogs and Their Zoonotic Transmission Risks.. Pathogens 2022 Jun 17;11(6).
    doi: 10.3390/pathogens11060698pubmed: 35745552google scholar: lookup
  15. Mahmoud AE, El-Maghraby MM, Eltarabili RM, Soliman ES. Epidemiological investigations on microbial infection and crystals causing feline lower urinary tract disease in tomcats in Ismailia, Egypt.. Open Vet J 2022 Mar-Apr;12(2):290-302.
    doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2022.v12.i2.18pubmed: 35603074google scholar: lookup
  16. Nielsen SS, Bicout DJ, Calistri P, Canali E, Drewe JA, Garin-Bastuji B, Gonzales Rojas JL, Gortázar C, Herskin M, Michel V, Miranda Chueca MÁ, Padalino B, Pasquali P, Roberts HC, Spoolder H, Ståhl K, Velarde A, Viltrop A, Winckler C, Baldinelli F, Broglia A, Kohnle L, Alvarez J. Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in dogs and cats, horses, swine, poultry, cattle, sheep and goats.. EFSA J 2022 May;20(5):e07311.
    doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7311pubmed: 35582363google scholar: lookup
  17. Moerer M, Merle R, Bäumer W. A Cross-Sectional Study of Veterinarians in Germany on the Impact of the TÄHAV Amendment 2018 on Antimicrobial Use and Development of Antimicrobial Resistance in Dogs and Cats.. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022 Apr 5;11(4).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11040484pubmed: 35453235google scholar: lookup
  18. Matos R, Taillieu E, De Bruyckere S, De Witte C, Rêma A, Santos-Sousa H, Nogueiro J, Reis CA, Carneiro F, Haesebrouck F, Amorim I, Gärtner F. Presence of Helicobacter Species in Gastric Mucosa of Human Patients and Outcome of Helicobacter Eradication Treatment.. J Pers Med 2022 Jan 29;12(2).
    doi: 10.3390/jpm12020181pubmed: 35207669google scholar: lookup
  19. Schirò G, Gambino D, Mira F, Vitale M, Guercio A, Purpari G, Antoci F, Licitra F, Chiaramonte G, La Giglia M, Randazzo V, Vicari D. Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) of Bacteria Isolated from Dogs with Canine Parvovirus (CPV) Infection: The Need for a Rational Use of Antibiotics in Companion Animal Health.. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022 Jan 23;11(2).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11020142pubmed: 35203745google scholar: lookup
  20. Feuerstein A, Scuda N, Klose C, Hoffmann A, Melchner A, Boll K, Rettinger A, Fell S, Straubinger RK, Riehm JM. Antimicrobial Resistance, Serologic and Molecular Characterization of E. coli Isolated from Calves with Severe or Fatal Enteritis in Bavaria, Germany.. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021 Dec 27;11(1).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11010023pubmed: 35052900google scholar: lookup
  21. Mader R, Bourély C, Amat JP, Broens EM, Busani L, Callens B, Crespo-Robledo P, Damborg P, Filippitzi ME, Fitzgerald W, Grönthal T, Haenni M, Heuvelink A, van Hout J, Kaspar H, Muñoz Madero C, Norström M, Pedersen K, Pokludova L, Dal Pozzo F, Slowey R, Urdahl AM, Vatopoulos A, Zafeiridis C, Madec JY. Defining the scope of the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance network in Veterinary medicine (EARS-Vet): a bottom-up and One Health approach.. J Antimicrob Chemother 2022 Feb 23;77(3):816-826.
    doi: 10.1093/jac/dkab462pubmed: 35022739google scholar: lookup
  22. Jourquin S, Bokma J, De Cremer L, van Leenen K, Vereecke N, Pardon B. Randomized field trial comparing the efficacy of florfenicol and oxytetracycline in a natural outbreak of calf pneumonia using lung reaeration as a cure criterion.. J Vet Intern Med 2022 Mar;36(2):820-828.
    doi: 10.1111/jvim.16348pubmed: 34994480google scholar: lookup
  23. McKernan C, Benson T, Farrell S, Dean M. Antimicrobial use in agriculture: critical review of the factors influencing behaviour.. JAC Antimicrob Resist 2021 Dec;3(4):dlab178.
    doi: 10.1093/jacamr/dlab178pubmed: 34859222google scholar: lookup
  24. Blondeau JM, Fitch SD. In Vitro Killing of Canine Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens by Ampicillin, Cephalexin, Marbofloxacin, Pradofloxacin, and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole.. Microorganisms 2021 Nov 2;9(11).
    doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9112279pubmed: 34835405google scholar: lookup
  25. Schmitt K, Zimmermann ABE, Stephan R, Willi B. Hand Hygiene Evaluation Using Two Different Evaluation Tools and Hand Contamination of Veterinary Healthcare Workers in a Swiss Companion Animal Clinic.. Vet Sci 2021 Nov 2;8(11).
    doi: 10.3390/vetsci8110260pubmed: 34822633google scholar: lookup
  26. Sali V, Nykäsenoja S, Heikinheimo A, Hälli O, Tirkkonen T, Heinonen M. Antimicrobial Use and Susceptibility of Indicator Escherichia coli in Finnish Integrated Pork Production.. Front Microbiol 2021;12:754894.
    doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.754894pubmed: 34803978google scholar: lookup
  27. Tompson AC, Mateus ALP, Brodbelt DC, Chandler CIR. Understanding Antibiotic Use in Companion Animals: A Literature Review Identifying Avenues for Future Efforts.. Front Vet Sci 2021;8:719547.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.719547pubmed: 34692805google scholar: lookup
  28. Pereyre S, Tardy F. Integrating the Human and Animal Sides of Mycoplasmas Resistance to Antimicrobials.. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021 Oct 7;10(10).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10101216pubmed: 34680797google scholar: lookup
  29. Cugmas B, Avberšek M, Rosa T, Godec L, Štruc E, Golob M, Zdovc I. How Accurate Are Veterinary Clinicians Employing Flexicult Vet for Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Urinary Bacteria?. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021 Sep 24;10(10).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10101160pubmed: 34680741google scholar: lookup
  30. Pei L, Liu J, Huang Z, Iqbal M, Shen Y. Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Equine on Salmonella-Infected Gut Mouse Model.. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023 Jun;15(3):469-478.
    doi: 10.1007/s12602-021-09841-0pubmed: 34651283google scholar: lookup
  31. Fonseca JD, Mavrides DE, Graham PA, McHugh TD. Results of urinary bacterial cultures and antibiotic susceptibility testing of dogs and cats in the UK.. J Small Anim Pract 2021 Dec;62(12):1085-1091.
    doi: 10.1111/jsap.13406pubmed: 34463359google scholar: lookup
  32. Ngaruka GB, Neema BB, Mitima TK, Kishabongo AS, Kashongwe OB. Animal source food eating habits of outpatients with antimicrobial resistance in Bukavu, D.R. Congo.. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2021 Aug 26;10(1):124.
    doi: 10.1186/s13756-021-00991-ypubmed: 34446111google scholar: lookup
  33. Tatay-Dualde J, Prats-van der Ham M, Gaurivaud P, de la Fe C, Tardy F. Efflux Might Participate in Decreased Susceptibility to Oxytetracycline in Contagious Agalactia-Causative Mycoplasma spp.. Animals (Basel) 2021 Aug 20;11(8).
    doi: 10.3390/ani11082449pubmed: 34438907google scholar: lookup
  34. Vlasova AN, Saif LJ. Bovine Immunology: Implications for Dairy Cattle.. Front Immunol 2021;12:643206.
    doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.643206pubmed: 34267745google scholar: lookup
  35. Schnepf A, Kramer S, Wagels R, Volk HA, Kreienbrock L. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Usage in Dogs and Cats at a Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Germany in 2017 and 2018.. Front Vet Sci 2021;8:689018.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.689018pubmed: 34250070google scholar: lookup
  36. Ogwuche A, Ekiri AB, Endacott I, Maikai BV, Idoga ES, Alafiatayo R, Cook AJ. Antibiotic use practices of veterinarians and para-veterinarians and the implications for antibiotic stewardship in Nigeria.. J S Afr Vet Assoc 2021 May 28;92(0):e1-e14.
    doi: 10.4102/jsava.v92i0.2120pubmed: 34082541google scholar: lookup
  37. Vercelli C, Della Ricca M, Re M, Gambino G, Re G. Antibiotic Stewardship for Canine and Feline Acute Urinary Tract Infection: An Observational Study in a Small Animal Hospital in Northwest Italy.. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021 May 11;10(5).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10050562pubmed: 34064943google scholar: lookup
  38. Benavides JA, Streicker DG, Gonzales MS, Rojas-Paniagua E, Shiva C. Knowledge and use of antibiotics among low-income small-scale farmers of Peru.. Prev Vet Med 2021 Apr;189:105287.
    doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2021.105287pubmed: 33677408google scholar: lookup
  39. Vijay D, Bedi JS, Dhaka P, Singh R, Singh J, Arora AK, Gill JPS. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) Survey among Veterinarians, and Risk Factors Relating to Antimicrobial Use and Treatment Failure in Dairy Herds of India.. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021 Feb 22;10(2).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10020216pubmed: 33671483google scholar: lookup
  40. Hosain MZ, Kabir SML, Kamal MM. Antimicrobial uses for livestock production in developing countries.. Vet World 2021 Jan;14(1):210-221.
    doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.210-221pubmed: 33642806google scholar: lookup
  41. Dupont N, Jessen LR, Moberg F, Zyskind N, Lorentzen C, Bjørnvad CR. A retrospective study of 237 dogs hospitalized with suspected acute hemorrhagic diarrhea syndrome: Disease severity, treatment, and outcome.. J Vet Intern Med 2021 Mar;35(2):867-877.
    doi: 10.1111/jvim.16084pubmed: 33638574google scholar: lookup
  42. Amin N, Seifert J. Dynamic progression of the calf's microbiome and its influence on host health.. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021;19:989-1001.
    doi: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.01.035pubmed: 33613865google scholar: lookup
  43. Galarce N, Arriagada G, Sánchez F, Venegas V, Cornejo J, Lapierre L. Antimicrobial Use in Companion Animals: Assessing Veterinarians' Prescription Patterns through the First National Survey in Chile.. Animals (Basel) 2021 Jan 30;11(2).
    doi: 10.3390/ani11020348pubmed: 33573203google scholar: lookup
  44. Schmitt K, Kuster SP, Zurfluh K, Jud RS, Sykes JE, Stephan R, Willi B. Transmission Chains of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae at the Companion Animal Veterinary Clinic-Household Interface.. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021 Feb 9;10(2).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10020171pubmed: 33572066google scholar: lookup
  45. Salgado-Caxito M, Moreno-Switt AI, Paes AC, Shiva C, Munita JM, Rivas L, Benavides JA. Higher Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Enterobacterales in Dogs Attended for Enteric Viruses in Brazil Before and After Treatment with Cephalosporins.. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021 Jan 28;10(2).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10020122pubmed: 33525466google scholar: lookup
  46. Samuels R, Qekwana DN, Oguttu JW, Odoi A. Antibiotic prescription practices and attitudes towards the use of antimicrobials among veterinarians in the City of Tshwane, South Africa.. PeerJ 2021;9:e10144.
    doi: 10.7717/peerj.10144pubmed: 33520429google scholar: lookup
  47. Marchegiani A, Spaterna A, Cerquetella M. Current Applications and Future Perspectives of Fluorescence Light Energy Biomodulation in Veterinary Medicine.. Vet Sci 2021 Jan 25;8(2).
    doi: 10.3390/vetsci8020020pubmed: 33504091google scholar: lookup
  48. Gwenzi W, Chaukura N, Muisa-Zikali N, Teta C, Musvuugwa T, Rzymski P, Abia ALK. Insects, Rodents, and Pets as Reservoirs, Vectors, and Sentinels of Antimicrobial Resistance.. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021 Jan 12;10(1).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10010068pubmed: 33445633google scholar: lookup
  49. Hubbuch A, Peter R, Willi B, Hartnack S, Müntener C, Naegeli H, Gerspach C. Comparison of antimicrobial prescription patterns in calves in Switzerland before and after the launch of online guidelines for prudent antimicrobial use.. BMC Vet Res 2021 Jan 5;17(1):2.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-020-02704-wpubmed: 33402182google scholar: lookup
  50. Frosini SM, Bond R, McCarthy AJ, Feudi C, Schwarz S, Lindsay JA, Loeffler A. Genes on the Move: In Vitro Transduction of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes between Human and Canine Staphylococcal Pathogens.. Microorganisms 2020 Dec 18;8(12).
    doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8122031pubmed: 33353175google scholar: lookup
  51. Wang YS, Li M, Tell LA, Baynes RE, Davis JL, Vickroy TW, Riviere JE, Lin Z. Physiological parameter values for physiologically based pharmacokinetic models in food-producing animals. Part II: Chicken and turkey.. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2020 Dec 2;44(4):423-55.
    doi: 10.1111/jvp.12931pubmed: 33289178google scholar: lookup
  52. Castaño-Arriba A, González-Machado C, Igrejas G, Poeta P, Alonso-Calleja C, Capita R. Antibiotic Resistance and Biofilm-Forming Ability in Enterococcal Isolates from Red Meat and Poultry Preparations.. Pathogens 2020 Dec 3;9(12).
    doi: 10.3390/pathogens9121021pubmed: 33287445google scholar: lookup
  53. Rodríguez-González MJ, Jiménez-Pearson MA, Duarte F, Poklepovich T, Campos J, Araya-Sánchez LN, Chirino-Trejo M, Barquero-Calvo E. Multidrug-Resistant CTX-M and CMY-2 Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Healthy Household Dogs from the Great Metropolitan Area, Costa Rica.. Microb Drug Resist 2020 Nov;26(11):1421-1428.
    doi: 10.1089/mdr.2020.0146pubmed: 33085572google scholar: lookup
  54. Gerber M, Dürr S, Bodmer M. Decision-Making of Swiss Farmers and the Role of the Veterinarian in Reducing Antimicrobial Use on Dairy Farms.. Front Vet Sci 2020;7:565.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00565pubmed: 33005642google scholar: lookup
  55. Tenhagen BA, Käsbohrer A, Grobbel M, Hammerl J, Kaspar H. [Antimicrobial resistance in E. coli from different cattle populations in Germany].. Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 2020 Aug;48(4):218-227.
    doi: 10.1055/a-1197-5701pubmed: 32823326google scholar: lookup
  56. Capita R, Castaño-Arriba A, Rodríguez-Melcón C, Igrejas G, Poeta P, Alonso-Calleja C. Diversity, Antibiotic Resistance, and Biofilm-Forming Ability of Enterobacteria Isolated from Red Meat and Poultry Preparations.. Microorganisms 2020 Aug 12;8(8).
    doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8081226pubmed: 32806643google scholar: lookup
  57. Köper LM, Bode C, Bender A, Reimer I, Heberer T, Wallmann J. Eight years of sales surveillance of antimicrobials for veterinary use in Germany-What are the perceptions?. PLoS One 2020;15(8):e0237459.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237459pubmed: 32776971google scholar: lookup
  58. Söderlund R, Formenti N, Caló S, Chiari M, Zoric M, Alborali GL, Sørensen Dalgaard T, Wattrang E, Eriksson H. Comparative genome analysis of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae isolated from domestic pigs and wild boars suggests host adaptation and selective pressure from the use of antibiotics.. Microb Genom 2020 Aug;6(8).
    doi: 10.1099/mgen.0.000412pubmed: 32735209google scholar: lookup
  59. Murphy D, Ricci A, Auce Z, Beechinor JG, Bergendahl H, Breathnach R, Bureš J, Duarte Da Silva JP, Hederová J, Hekman P, Ibrahim C, Kozhuharov E, Kulcsár G, Lander Persson E, Lenhardsson JM, Mačiulskis P, Malemis I, Markus-Cizelj L, Michaelidou-Patsia A, Nevalainen M, Pasquali P, Rouby JC, Schefferlie J, Schlumbohm W, Schmit M, Spiteri S, Srčič S, Taban L, Tiirats T, Urbain B, Vestergaard EM, Wachnik-Święcicka A, Weeks J, Zemann B, Allende A, Bolton D, Chemaly M, Fernandez Escamez PS, Girones R, Herman L, Koutsoumanis K, Lindqvist R, Nørrung B, Robertson L, Ru G, Sanaa M, Simmons M, Skandamis P, Snary E, Speybroeck N, Ter Kuile B, Wahlström H, Baptiste K, Catry B, Cocconcelli PS, Davies R, Ducrot C, Friis C, Jungersen G, More S, Muñoz Madero C, Sanders P, Bos M, Kunsagi Z, Torren Edo J, Brozzi R, Candiani D, Guerra B, Liebana E, Stella P, Threlfall J, Jukes H. EMA and EFSA Joint Scientific Opinion on measures to reduce the need to use antimicrobial agents in animal husbandry in the European Union, and the resulting impacts on food safety (RONAFA).. EFSA J 2017 Jan;15(1):e04666.
    doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4666pubmed: 32625259google scholar: lookup
  60. Hubbuch A, Schmitt K, Lehner C, Hartnack S, Schuller S, Schüpbach-Regula G, Mevissen M, Peter R, Müntener C, Naegeli H, Willi B. Antimicrobial prescriptions in cats in Switzerland before and after the introduction of an online antimicrobial stewardship tool.. BMC Vet Res 2020 Jul 3;16(1):229.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-020-02447-8pubmed: 32620170google scholar: lookup
  61. Ferroni L, Lovito C, Scoccia E, Dalmonte G, Sargenti M, Pezzotti G, Maresca C, Forte C, Magistrali CF. Antibiotic Consumption on Dairy and Beef Cattle Farms of Central Italy Based on Paper Registers.. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020 May 25;9(5).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9050273pubmed: 32466135google scholar: lookup
  62. Schnepf A, Bienert-Zeit A, Ertugrul H, Wagels R, Werner N, Hartmann M, Feige K, Kreienbrock L. Antimicrobial Usage in Horses: The Use of Electronic Data, Data Curation, and First Results.. Front Vet Sci 2020;7:216.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00216pubmed: 32411737google scholar: lookup
  63. Chaitman J, Ziese AL, Pilla R, Minamoto Y, Blake AB, Guard BC, Isaiah A, Lidbury JA, Steiner JM, Unterer S, Suchodolski JS. Fecal Microbial and Metabolic Profiles in Dogs With Acute Diarrhea Receiving Either Fecal Microbiota Transplantation or Oral Metronidazole.. Front Vet Sci 2020;7:192.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00192pubmed: 32363202google scholar: lookup
  64. Werner M, Suchodolski JS, Straubinger RK, Wolf G, Steiner JM, Lidbury JA, Neuerer F, Hartmann K, Unterer S. Effect of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid on clinical scores, intestinal microbiome, and amoxicillin-resistant Escherichia coli in dogs with uncomplicated acute diarrhea.. J Vet Intern Med 2020 May;34(3):1166-1176.
    doi: 10.1111/jvim.15775pubmed: 32324947google scholar: lookup
  65. Lekagul A, Tangcharoensathien V, Mills A, Rushton J, Yeung S. How antibiotics are used in pig farming: a mixed-methods study of pig farmers, feed mills and veterinarians in Thailand.. BMJ Glob Health 2020;5(2):e001918.
    doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001918pubmed: 32180998google scholar: lookup
  66. Skalickova S, Aulichova T, Venusova E, Skladanka J, Horky P. Development of pH-Responsive Biopolymeric Nanocapsule for Antibacterial Essential Oils.. Int J Mol Sci 2020 Mar 5;21(5).
    doi: 10.3390/ijms21051799pubmed: 32151081google scholar: lookup
  67. González-Gutiérrez M, García-Fernández C, Alonso-Calleja C, Capita R. Microbial load and antibiotic resistance in raw beef preparations from northwest Spain.. Food Sci Nutr 2020 Feb;8(2):777-785.
    doi: 10.1002/fsn3.1319pubmed: 32148787google scholar: lookup
  68. Pansri P, Katholm J, Krogh KM, Aagaard AK, Schmidt LMB, Kudirkiene E, Larsen LE, Olsen JE. Evaluation of novel multiplex qPCR assays for diagnosis of pathogens associated with the bovine respiratory disease complex.. Vet J 2020 Feb;256:105425.
    doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2020.105425pubmed: 32113583google scholar: lookup
  69. Awaisheh SS, Khalifeh MS, Rahahleh RJ, Al-Khaza'leh JM, Algroom RM. Sulfamethazine contamination level and exposure assessment in domestic and imported poultry meats in Jordan.. Vet World 2019 Dec;12(12):1992-1997.
    doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.1992-1997pubmed: 32095052google scholar: lookup
  70. Phares CA, Danquah A, Atiah K, Agyei FK, Michael OT. Antibiotics utilization and farmers' knowledge of its effects on soil ecosystem in the coastal drylands of Ghana.. PLoS One 2020;15(2):e0228777.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228777pubmed: 32027735google scholar: lookup
  71. Coffey EL, Little K, Seelig DM, Rendahl AK, Granick JL. Comparison of immediate versus delayed streak plate inoculation on urine bacterial culture and susceptibility testing in dogs and cats.. J Vet Intern Med 2020 Mar;34(2):783-789.
    doi: 10.1111/jvim.15719pubmed: 32003500google scholar: lookup
  72. Potier JFN, Durham AE. Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates from ambulatory practice and from a referral hospital.. J Vet Intern Med 2020 Jan;34(1):300-306.
    doi: 10.1111/jvim.15685pubmed: 31849110google scholar: lookup
  73. Sabino YNV, Santana MF, Oyama LB, Santos FG, Moreira AJS, Huws SA, Mantovani HC. Characterization of antibiotic resistance genes in the species of the rumen microbiota.. Nat Commun 2019 Nov 20;10(1):5252.
    doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-13118-0pubmed: 31748524google scholar: lookup
  74. Cordero J, Alonso-Calleja C, García-Fernández C, Capita R. Microbial Load and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis Isolates from the Meat of Wild and Domestic Pigeons.. Foods 2019 Nov 1;8(11).
    doi: 10.3390/foods8110536pubmed: 31683845google scholar: lookup
  75. Dupouy V, Abdelli M, Moyano G, Arpaillange N, Bibbal D, Cadiergues MC, Lopez-Pulin D, Sayah-Jeanne S, de Gunzburg J, Saint-Lu N, Gonzalez-Zorn B, Andremont A, Bousquet-Mélou A. Prevalence of Beta-Lactam and Quinolone/Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae From Dogs in France and Spain-Characterization of ESBL/pAmpC Isolates, Genes, and Conjugative Plasmids.. Front Vet Sci 2019;6:279.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00279pubmed: 31544108google scholar: lookup
  76. Pucken VB, Schüpbach-Regula G, Gerber M, Salis Gross C, Bodmer M. Veterinary peer study groups as a method of continuous education-A new approach to identify and address factors associated with antimicrobial prescribing.. PLoS One 2019;14(9):e0222497.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222497pubmed: 31536527google scholar: lookup
  77. Gómez-Gómez C, Blanco-Picazo P, Brown-Jaque M, Quirós P, Rodríguez-Rubio L, Cerdà-Cuellar M, Muniesa M. Infectious phage particles packaging antibiotic resistance genes found in meat products and chicken feces.. Sci Rep 2019 Sep 16;9(1):13281.
    doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49898-0pubmed: 31527758google scholar: lookup
  78. Borselli D, Brunel JM, Gorgé O, Bolla JM. Polyamino-Isoprenyl Derivatives as Antibiotic Adjuvants and Motility Inhibitors for Bordetella bronchiseptica Porcine Pulmonary Infection Treatment.. Front Microbiol 2019;10:1771.
    doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01771pubmed: 31456758google scholar: lookup
  79. Coyne LA, Latham SM, Dawson S, Donald IJ, Pearson RB, Smith RF, Williams NJ, Pinchbeck GL. Exploring Perspectives on Antimicrobial Use in Livestock: A Mixed-Methods Study of UK Pig Farmers.. Front Vet Sci 2019;6:257.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00257pubmed: 31428622google scholar: lookup
  80. Hommerich K, Ruddat I, Hartmann M, Werner N, Käsbohrer A, Kreienbrock L. Monitoring Antibiotic Usage in German Dairy and Beef Cattle Farms-A Longitudinal Analysis.. Front Vet Sci 2019;6:244.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00244pubmed: 31404288google scholar: lookup
  81. Schwendener S, Nigg A, Collaud A, Overesch G, Kittl S, Phumthanakorn N, Perreten V. Typing of mecD Islands in Genetically Diverse Methicillin-Resistant Macrococcus caseolyticus Strains from Cattle.. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019 Oct 1;85(19).
    doi: 10.1128/AEM.01496-19pubmed: 31375493google scholar: lookup
  82. Álvarez D, Caro MR, Buendía AJ, Schnee C, Ortega N, Murcia-Belmonte A, Salinas J. Effect of female sex hormones on the developmental cycle of Chlamydia abortus compared to a penicillin-induced model of persistent infection.. BMC Vet Res 2019 Jul 24;15(1):259.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-019-2013-7pubmed: 31340824google scholar: lookup
  83. Ocejo M, Oporto B, Hurtado A. Occurrence of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in Cattle and Sheep in Northern Spain and Changes in Antimicrobial Resistance in Two Studies 10-years Apart.. Pathogens 2019 Jul 8;8(3).
    doi: 10.3390/pathogens8030098pubmed: 31288484google scholar: lookup
  84. Hopman NEM, van Dijk MAM, Broens EM, Wagenaar JA, Heederik DJJ, van Geijlswijk IM. Quantifying Antimicrobial Use in Dutch Companion Animals.. Front Vet Sci 2019;6:158.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00158pubmed: 31192236google scholar: lookup
  85. Joyce A, McCarthy CGP, Murphy S, Walsh F. Antibiotic resistomes of healthy pig faecal metagenomes.. Microb Genom 2019 May;5(5).
    doi: 10.1099/mgen.0.000272pubmed: 31091181google scholar: lookup
  86. Hennig-Pauka I, Menzel A, Boehme TR, Schierbaum H, Ganter M, Schulz J. Haptoglobin and C-Reactive Protein-Non-specific Markers for Nursery Conditions in Swine.. Front Vet Sci 2019;6:92.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00092pubmed: 31001544google scholar: lookup
  87. Coyne L, Arief R, Benigno C, Giang VN, Huong LQ, Jeamsripong S, Kalpravidh W, McGrane J, Padungtod P, Patrick I, Schoonman L, Setyawan E, Harja Sukarno A, Srisamran J, Ngoc PT, Rushton J. Characterizing Antimicrobial Use in the Livestock Sector in Three South East Asian Countries (Indonesia, Thailand, and Vietnam).. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019 Mar 25;8(1).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics8010033pubmed: 30934638google scholar: lookup
  88. Willms IM, Kamran A, Aßmann NF, Krone D, Bolz SH, Fiedler F, Nacke H. Discovery of Novel Antibiotic Resistance Determinants in Forest and Grassland Soil Metagenomes.. Front Microbiol 2019;10:460.
    doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00460pubmed: 30899254google scholar: lookup
  89. Schmitt K, Lehner C, Schuller S, Schüpbach-Regula G, Mevissen M, Peter R, Müntener CR, Naegeli H, Willi B. Antimicrobial use for selected diseases in cats in Switzerland.. BMC Vet Res 2019 Mar 14;15(1):94.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-019-1821-0pubmed: 30871537google scholar: lookup
  90. Gómez-Poveda B, Moreno MA. Antimicrobial Prescriptions for Dogs in the Capital of Spain.. Front Vet Sci 2018;5:309.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00309pubmed: 30564586google scholar: lookup
  91. Matjuda DS, Aiyegoro OA. Analysis of bacteriological pollution and the detection of antibiotic resistance genes of prevailing bacteria emanating from pig farm seepage.. Microbiologyopen 2019 May;8(5):e00737.
    doi: 10.1002/mbo3.737pubmed: 30414264google scholar: lookup
  92. Rainard P, Foucras G. A Critical Appraisal of Probiotics for Mastitis Control.. Front Vet Sci 2018;5:251.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00251pubmed: 30364110google scholar: lookup
  93. Realpe-Quintero M, Barba-León J, Pérez-Montaño JA, Pacheco-Gallardo C, González-Aguilar D, Dominguez-Arias RM, Cabrera-Diaz E. Genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella serotypes recovered throughout the beef production chain and from patients with salmonellosis.. PeerJ 2018;6:e5482.
    doi: 10.7717/peerj.5482pubmed: 30155367google scholar: lookup
  94. Cuong NV, Padungtod P, Thwaites G, Carrique-Mas JJ. Antimicrobial Usage in Animal Production: A Review of the Literature with a Focus on Low- and Middle-Income Countries.. Antibiotics (Basel) 2018 Aug 15;7(3).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics7030075pubmed: 30111750google scholar: lookup
  95. Manyi-Loh C, Mamphweli S, Meyer E, Okoh A. Antibiotic Use in Agriculture and Its Consequential Resistance in Environmental Sources: Potential Public Health Implications.. Molecules 2018 Mar 30;23(4).
    doi: 10.3390/molecules23040795pubmed: 29601469google scholar: lookup
  96. Carmo LP, Nielsen LR, Alban L, da Costa PM, Schüpbach-Regula G, Magouras I. Veterinary Expert Opinion on Potential Drivers and Opportunities for Changing Antimicrobial Usage Practices in Livestock in Denmark, Portugal, and Switzerland.. Front Vet Sci 2018;5:29.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00029pubmed: 29546044google scholar: lookup
  97. Sørensen TM, Bjørnvad CR, Cordoba G, Damborg P, Guardabassi L, Siersma V, Bjerrum L, Jessen LR. Effects of Diagnostic Work-Up on Medical Decision-Making for Canine Urinary Tract Infection: An Observational Study in Danish Small Animal Practices.. J Vet Intern Med 2018 Mar;32(2):743-751.
    doi: 10.1111/jvim.15048pubmed: 29469943google scholar: lookup
  98. Field D, Baghou I, Rea MC, Gardiner GE, Ross RP, Hill C. Nisin in Combination with Cinnamaldehyde and EDTA to Control Growth of Escherichia coli Strains of Swine Origin.. Antibiotics (Basel) 2017 Dec 12;6(4).
    doi: 10.3390/antibiotics6040035pubmed: 29231854google scholar: lookup
  99. Jessen LR, Sørensen TM, Lilja ZL, Kristensen M, Hald T, Damborg P. Cross-sectional survey on the use and impact of the Danish national antibiotic use guidelines for companion animal practice.. Acta Vet Scand 2017 Dec 11;59(1):81.
    doi: 10.1186/s13028-017-0350-8pubmed: 29228960google scholar: lookup
  100. Firth CL, Käsbohrer A, Schleicher C, Fuchs K, Egger-Danner C, Mayerhofer M, Schobesberger H, Köfer J, Obritzhauser W. Antimicrobial consumption on Austrian dairy farms: an observational study of udder disease treatments based on veterinary medication records.. PeerJ 2017;5:e4072.
    doi: 10.7717/peerj.4072pubmed: 29158993google scholar: lookup
  101. Scoppetta F, Sensi M, Franciosini MP, Capuccella M. Evaluation of antibiotic usage in swine reproduction farms in Umbria region based on the quantitative analysis of antimicrobial consumption.. Ital J Food Saf 2017 Aug 16;6(3):6886.
    doi: 10.4081/ijfs.2017.6886pubmed: 29119090google scholar: lookup
  102. Haenni M, Bour M, Châtre P, Madec JY, Plésiat P, Jeannot K. Resistance of Animal Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Carbapenems.. Front Microbiol 2017;8:1847.
    doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01847pubmed: 29033910google scholar: lookup
  103. Diana A, Manzanilla EG, Calderón Díaz JA, Leonard FC, Boyle LA. Do weaner pigs need in-feed antibiotics to ensure good health and welfare?. PLoS One 2017;12(10):e0185622.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185622pubmed: 28982114google scholar: lookup
  104. Lhermie G, Toutain PL, El Garch F, Bousquet-Mélou A, Assié S. Implementing Precision Antimicrobial Therapy for the Treatment of Bovine Respiratory Disease: Current Limitations and Perspectives.. Front Vet Sci 2017;4:143.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00143pubmed: 28900616google scholar: lookup
  105. Andreis SN, Perreten V, Schwendener S. Novel β-Lactamase bla(ARL) in Staphylococcus arlettae.. mSphere 2017 May-Jun;2(3).
    doi: 10.1128/mSphere.00117-17pubmed: 28497118google scholar: lookup
  106. Carmo LP, Nielsen LR, Alban L, Müntener CR, Schüpbach-Regula G, Magouras I. Comparison of Antimicrobial Consumption Patterns in the Swiss and Danish Cattle and Swine Production (2007-2013).. Front Vet Sci 2017;4:26.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00026pubmed: 28303244google scholar: lookup
  107. Carmo LP, Schüpbach-Regula G, Müntener C, Chevance A, Moulin G, Magouras I. Approaches for quantifying antimicrobial consumption per animal species based on national sales data: a Swiss example, 2006 to 2013.. Euro Surveill 2017 Feb 9;22(6).
    doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.6.30458pubmed: 28205504google scholar: lookup
  108. Rhouma M, Beaudry F, Thériault W, Letellier A. Colistin in Pig Production: Chemistry, Mechanism of Antibacterial Action, Microbial Resistance Emergence, and One Health Perspectives.. Front Microbiol 2016;7:1789.
    doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01789pubmed: 27891118google scholar: lookup
  109. Coyne LA, Latham SM, Williams NJ, Dawson S, Donald IJ, Pearson RB, Smith RF, Pinchbeck GL. Understanding the culture of antimicrobial prescribing in agriculture: a qualitative study of UK pig veterinary surgeons.. J Antimicrob Chemother 2016 Nov;71(11):3300-3312.
    doi: 10.1093/jac/dkw300pubmed: 27516473google scholar: lookup
  110. Brochmann RP, Helmfrid A, Jana B, Magnowska Z, Guardabassi L. Antimicrobial synergy between carprofen and doxycycline against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius ST71.. BMC Vet Res 2016 Jun 24;12(1):126.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-016-0751-3pubmed: 27342694google scholar: lookup
  111. Hedegaard CJ, Heegaard PM. Passive immunisation, an old idea revisited: Basic principles and application to modern animal production systems.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2016 Jun;174:50-63.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.04.007pubmed: 27185263google scholar: lookup
  112. Ba X, Harrison EM, Lovering AL, Gleadall N, Zadoks R, Parkhill J, Peacock SJ, Holden MT, Paterson GK, Holmes MA. Old Drugs To Treat Resistant Bugs: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates with mecC Are Susceptible to a Combination of Penicillin and Clavulanic Acid.. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015 Dec;59(12):7396-404.
    doi: 10.1128/AAC.01469-15pubmed: 26392513google scholar: lookup
  113. McManus BA, Coleman DC, Deasy EC, Brennan GI, O' Connell B, Monecke S, Ehricht R, Leggett B, Leonard N, Shore AC. Comparative Genotypes, Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) Genes and Antimicrobial Resistance amongst Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus haemolyticus Isolates from Infections in Humans and Companion Animals.. PLoS One 2015;10(9):e0138079.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138079pubmed: 26379051google scholar: lookup
  114. Prüller S, Rensch U, Meemken D, Kaspar H, Kopp PA, Klein G, Kehrenberg C. Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bordetella bronchiseptica Isolates from Swine and Companion Animals and Detection of Resistance Genes.. PLoS One 2015;10(8):e0135703.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135703pubmed: 26275219google scholar: lookup
  115. Gerzova L, Babak V, Sedlar K, Faldynova M, Videnska P, Cejkova D, Jensen AN, Denis M, Kerouanton A, Ricci A, Cibin V, Österberg J, Rychlik I. Characterization of Antibiotic Resistance Gene Abundance and Microbiota Composition in Feces of Organic and Conventional Pigs from Four EU Countries.. PLoS One 2015;10(7):e0132892.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132892pubmed: 26218075google scholar: lookup
Subscribe to our newsletter
Join 99,357 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.