Antibodies to Akabane virus in Australia.
Abstract: Neutralising antibody to Akabane virus was shown to develop in cattle in northern Australia throughout the year and also on the east coast of New South Wales in the summer during 1975/1976. Other species found to have antibody to Akabane virus were buffaloes, horses, camels and sheep, but no antibody was found in domestic chickens, ducks, wallabies or man. The biting midge Culicoides brevitarsis has been detected in all the major areas where antibody was demonstrated in this study.
Publication Date: 1978-01-01 PubMed ID: 655964DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1978.tb00256.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research illustrates that the Akabane virus, which causes abnormalities in calves, induces a neutralising antibody primarily in cattle found in northern Australia no matter the time of year, and on the east coast of New South Wales during the summer period of 1975/1976. The presence of these antibodies was also found in buffaloes, horses, camels, and sheep, but not in specific species including domestic chickens, ducks, wallabies, or humans. The study suggests a relationship with the Culicoides brevitarsis biting midge species, present across all the regions where the antibodies were found.
Detailed Explanation of the Research Paper
Introduction and Overview
- The research investigates the presence of neutralising antibodies to the Akabane virus, a pathogen known to infect cattle, causing congenital abnormalities in the offspring.
Akabane Virus Antibodies in Different Species
- Although best known as a cattle-infecting virus, the presence of Akabane virus was tested in different species.
- Buffaloes, horses, camels, and sheep were found to have the neutralising antibody, thus suggesting that these species could be possible hosts or carriers of the virus too.
No Antibody Detection in Some Species
- No antibodies were detected in domestic chickens, ducks, wallabies or humans, indicating they may be less susceptible to Akabane virus infection, or their immune response may not involve producing detectable antibodies.
Seasonal and Geographic Variations
- The paper highlights a seasonal variation in the development of antibodies in animals, with cattle on the east coast of New South Wales developing antibodies only in the summer.
- This could have implications for preventive measures, potentially indicating the time of year when the virus is most likely to be circulating in the animal population.
Association with Culicoides brevitarsis
- The biting midge, Culicoides brevitarsis, was found in all areas where antibodies to the Akabane virus were detected. This could suggest that this insect acts a vector, possibly transmitting the virus among different animal species.
- This kind of finding can be crucial for disease control and developing strategies to mitigate the spread of the virus.
Cite This Article
APA
Cybinski DH, St George TD, Paull NI.
(1978).
Antibodies to Akabane virus in Australia.
Aust Vet J, 54(1), 1-3.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1978.tb00256.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral / analysis
- Arboviruses / immunology
- Australia
- Buffaloes / immunology
- Camelus / immunology
- Cattle / immunology
- Ceratopogonidae
- Horses / immunology
- Humans
- Insect Vectors
- Sheep / immunology
Citations
This article has been cited 11 times.- Wang J, Chen D, Wei F, Deng J, Su J, Lin X, Wu S. Generation of Stable Cell Lines Expressing Akabane Virus N Protein and Insight into Its Function in Viral Replication.. Pathogens 2023 Aug 18;12(8).
- Cuypers LN, Baird SJE, Hánová A, Locus T, Katakweba AS, Gryseels S, Bryja J, Leirs H, Goüy de Bellocq J. Three arenaviruses in three subspecific natal multimammate mouse taxa in Tanzania: same host specificity, but different spatial genetic structure?. Virus Evol 2020 Jul;6(2):veaa039.
- Sick F, Beer M, Kampen H, Wernike K. Culicoides Biting Midges-Underestimated Vectors for Arboviruses of Public Health and Veterinary Importance.. Viruses 2019 Apr 24;11(4).
- Reichel MP, Wahl LC, Hill FI. Review of Diagnostic Procedures and Approaches to Infectious Causes of Reproductive Failures of Cattle in Australia and New Zealand.. Front Vet Sci 2018;5:222.
- Rasekh M, Sarani A, Hashemi SH. Detection of Schmallenberg virus antibody in equine population of Northern and Northeast of Iran.. Vet World 2018 Jan;11(1):30-33.
- Collins ÁB, Barrett D, Doherty ML, Larska M, Mee JF. Post-epidemic Schmallenberg virus circulation: parallel bovine serological and Culicoides virological surveillance studies in Ireland.. BMC Vet Res 2016 Oct 18;12(1):234.
- Geoghegan JL, Walker PJ, Duchemin JB, Jeanne I, Holmes EC. Seasonal drivers of the epidemiology of arthropod-borne viruses in Australia.. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014 Nov;8(11):e3325.
- Varela M, Schnettler E, Caporale M, Murgia C, Barry G, McFarlane M, McGregor E, Piras IM, Shaw A, Lamm C, Janowicz A, Beer M, Glass M, Herder V, Hahn K, Baumgärtner W, Kohl A, Palmarini M. Schmallenberg virus pathogenesis, tropism and interaction with the innate immune system of the host.. PLoS Pathog 2013 Jan;9(1):e1003133.
- Yang DK, Kim BH, Kweon CH, Nah JJ, Kim HJ, Lee KW, Yang YJ, Mun KW. Serosurveillance for Japanese encephalitis, Akabane, and Aino viruses for Thoroughbred horses in Korea.. J Vet Sci 2008 Dec;9(4):381-5.
- Ungar-Waron H, Gluckman A, Trainin Z. ELISA test for the serodiagnosis of Akabane virus infection in cattle.. Trop Anim Health Prod 1989 Aug;21(3):205-10.
- Cybinski DH, Davis SS, Zakrzewski H. Antigenic variation of the bovine ephemeral fever virus glycoprotein.. Arch Virol 1992;124(3-4):211-24.
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