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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Infect Dis / Antigenic diversity of granulocytic Ehrlichia isolates from ...
The Journal of infectious diseases1997; 176(4); 1029-1034; doi: 10.1086/516529

Antigenic diversity of granulocytic Ehrlichia isolates from humans in Wisconsin and New York and a horse in California.

Abstract: The agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE), Ehrlichia phagocytophila, and Ehrlichia equi are very similar. HGE is of variable severity. Genetic and antigenic differences among 3 human isolates (Webster, Spooner, and NY-8) and 1 horse isolate (MRK) were evaluated. The 16S rRNA gene sequences were identical in all human isolates. By use of 5 homologous antisera from these 3 humans and 1 horse and an additional 5 antisera in heterologous reactions, the immunodominant antigens of each isolate were noted to differ in molecular size: 43 kDa in the Webster (Wisconsin) isolate, 46 kDa in the Spooner (Wisconsin) isolate, 42 and 45 kDa in the NY-8 (New York State) isolate, and a 42 kDa doublet in the E. equi MRK isolate from California. Two sera from a Wisconsin patient reacted weakly or not at all with the NY-8 isolate. Antigenic structural diversity exists among otherwise indistinguishable granulocytic ehrlichial isolates.
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Publication Date: 1997-10-23 PubMed ID: 9333162DOI: 10.1086/516529Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article investigates the genetic and antigenic diversity among certain Ehrlichia isolates from three humans in Wisconsin and New York and a horse in California. The study finds that despite being genetically identical, these isolates present antigenic structural differences, leading to variability in human and animal disease severity.

Isolation of the Ehrlichia Strains

  • The study features the comparison of different Ehrlichia strains that cause human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE), a variable-severity disease transmitted by ticks, and a similar disease in horses (Ehrlichia equi).
  • These strains are isolated from human patients from Wisconsin (Webster and Spooner strains) and New York State (NY-8 strain), and a horse from California (MRK strain).

Genetic Characterization

  • The researchers conducted genetic sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes from each of these isolates. This gene is often used to identify and classify bacteria as it is both universally present and well-conserved across different bacterial species.
  • All the human isolates showed identical sequences in this gene, suggesting a strong genetic similarity among them.

Antigenic Diversity

  • Despite their genetic similarity, each isolate demonstrated unique antigenic properties. Antigens are proteins expressed by pathogens which the immune system recognizes and provokes an immune response against.
  • Using antisera from these three humans and the horse, plus an additional five antisera, the study reveals differences in the molecular size of the dominant antigens among these isolates: 43 kDa from the Webster (Wisconsin) isolate, 46 kDa from the Spooner (Wisconsin) isolate, 42 and 45 kDa from the NY-8 (New York State) isolate, and a 42 kDa doublet from the E. equi MRK isolate from California.
  • The distinct molecular sizes of the antigens signal different structures and functionalities of these proteins, leading to diversity in immunological response and hence, variability in disease severity.

Immune Response

  • Further testing showed that two types of sera from a Wisconsin patient either weakly interacted with or failed to recognize the NY-8 isolate’s antigen. This suggested that the distinct antigenic structures of Ehrlichia strains could limit the effectiveness of certain immune responses towards different strains.
  • This antigenic variation among Ehrlichia strains underscores the complex nature of host-pathogen interactions and the challenges in designing broad-effective therapeutic strategies or vaccines for HGE.

Cite This Article

APA
Asanovich KM, Bakken JS, Madigan JE, Aguero-Rosenfeld M, Wormser GP, Dumler JS. (1997). Antigenic diversity of granulocytic Ehrlichia isolates from humans in Wisconsin and New York and a horse in California. J Infect Dis, 176(4), 1029-1034. https://doi.org/10.1086/516529

Publication

The Journal of infectious diseases
ISSN: 0022-1899
NlmUniqueID: 0413675
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 176
Issue: 4
Pages: 1029-1034

Researcher Affiliations

Asanovich, K M
  • Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.
Bakken, J S
    Madigan, J E
      Aguero-Rosenfeld, M
        Wormser, G P
          Dumler, J S

            MeSH Terms

            • Animals
            • Antibodies, Bacterial / analysis
            • Antigens, Bacterial / analysis
            • Cross Reactions / immunology
            • DNA, Bacterial / analysis
            • Ehrlichia / genetics
            • Ehrlichia / immunology
            • Ehrlichia / isolation & purification
            • Ehrlichiosis / blood
            • Ehrlichiosis / genetics
            • Ehrlichiosis / immunology
            • Horses
            • Humans
            • Immunoblotting
            • Immunodominant Epitopes / analysis
            • Polymerase Chain Reaction
            • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics
            • Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid

            Grant Funding

            • AI-41213 / NIAID NIH HHS

            Citations

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