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Home / Equine Research Bank / Epidemiol Infect / Antigenicity and immunogenicity of equine influenza vaccines...
Epidemiology and infection1994; 112(2); 421-437; doi: 10.1017/s0950268800057848

Antigenicity and immunogenicity of equine influenza vaccines containing a Carbomer adjuvant.

Abstract: Equine influenza vaccines containing inactivated whole virus and Carbomer adjuvant stimulated higher levels and longer lasting antibody to haemagglutinin in ponies than vaccines of equivalent antigenic content containing aluminium phosphate adjuvants. Five months after the third dose of vaccine containing Carbomer adjuvant, ponies were protected against clinical disease induced by an aerosol of virulent influenza virus (A/equine/Newmarket/79, H3N8). In contrast ponies which received vaccine containing aluminium phosphate adjuvant were susceptible to infection and disease. There was an inverse correlation between prechallenge levels of antibody detected by single radial haemolysis (SRH) and duration of virus excretion, pyrexia and coughing. All ponies with antibody levels equivalent to SRH zones of > or = 154 mm2 were protected against infection and all those with levels > or = 85 mm2 were protected from disease.
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Publication Date: 1994-04-01 PubMed ID: 8150017PubMed Central: PMC2271453DOI: 10.1017/s0950268800057848Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Clinical Trial
  • Comparative Study
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research investigates the effectiveness of equine influenza vaccines containing a Carbomer adjuvant, which showed to produce higher and longer-lasting antibodies in horses compared to vaccines containing aluminium phosphate adjuvants. Horses vaccinated with the Carbomer adjuvant were also more resistant to virulent influenza virus five months after the final vaccine dose.

Vaccine Protection and Effectiveness

  • This study suggests that equine influenza vaccines using a Carbomer adjuvant are more effective than those using aluminium phosphate adjuvants. The use of Carbomer adjuvant reportedly stimulates higher amounts and longer-lasting haemagglutinin antibodies in ponies.
  • Five months after the final vaccine dose, ponies receiving vaccines containing the Carbomer adjuvant were protected against a virulent influenza virus strain.
  • In contrast, ponies vaccinated with vaccines containing aluminium phosphate adjuvants were susceptible to infection and disease.

Correlation with Antibody Levels

  • A notable finding from this research is an inverse correlation between the pre-exposure levels of antibodies and the duration of virus excretion, fever, and coughing.
  • The study found that ponies with higher antibody levels equivalent to single radial haemolysis (SRH) zones of 154 mm2 or more were resistant to infection. Similarly, ponies with antibody levels of 85 mm2 or more were protected from disease.
  • This discovery may have significant implications for vaccine development and strategies to reduce the spread and severity of equine influenza.

Significance of the Research

  • This research offers valuable insights that could improve the effectiveness and lasting protection of equine influenza vaccines. It introduces the Carbomer adjuvant as potentially more potent and durable than conventional aluminium phosphate adjuvants.
  • By highlighting the correlation between pre-challenge antibody levels and disease progression, the study proposes a key marker for determining individual susceptibility to infection and disease.
  • The findings may serve as a basis for developing more effective vaccination strategies against equine influenza and other infectious diseases.

Cite This Article

APA
Mumford JA, Wilson H, Hannant D, Jessett DM. (1994). Antigenicity and immunogenicity of equine influenza vaccines containing a Carbomer adjuvant. Epidemiol Infect, 112(2), 421-437. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800057848

Publication

Epidemiology and infection
ISSN: 0950-2688
NlmUniqueID: 8703737
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 112
Issue: 2
Pages: 421-437

Researcher Affiliations

Mumford, J A
  • Department of Infectious Diseases, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, UK.
Wilson, H
    Hannant, D
      Jessett, D M

        MeSH Terms

        • Acrylic Resins / chemistry
        • Adjuvants, Immunologic / chemistry
        • Aluminum Compounds / chemistry
        • Aluminum Compounds / immunology
        • Animals
        • Antibodies, Viral / blood
        • Antiviral Agents / immunology
        • Hemagglutination Tests
        • Horse Diseases / blood
        • Horse Diseases / immunology
        • Horse Diseases / prevention & control
        • Horses
        • Immunization Schedule
        • Influenza A virus / immunology
        • Influenza Vaccines / chemistry
        • Influenza Vaccines / immunology
        • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / blood
        • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / immunology
        • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / prevention & control
        • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / veterinary
        • Phosphates / chemistry
        • Phosphates / immunology
        • Vaccines, Inactivated / chemistry
        • Vaccines, Inactivated / immunology
        • Virus Shedding

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