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Home / Equine Research Bank / Equine Vet J / Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from diseased ...
Equine veterinary journal2019; 52(1); 112-119; doi: 10.1111/evj.13133

Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from diseased horses in France.

Abstract: Horses are one of the potential reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants that could be transferred to human subjects. Objective: To describe the AMR patterns of major bacteria isolated from diseased horses in France. Methods: Retrospective observational study. Methods: Data collected between 2012 and 2016 by RESAPATH, the French national surveillance network for AMR, were analysed. Only antimicrobials relevant in veterinary and human medicine for the isolated bacteria were considered. Mono- and multidrug resistance were calculated. The resistance proportions of major equine diseases were assessed and compared. Where data permitted, resistance trends were investigated using nonlinear analysis (generalised additive models). Results: A total of 12,695 antibiograms were analysed. The five most frequently isolated bacteria were Streptococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Pantoea spp. and Klebsiella spp. The highest proportions of resistance to gentamicin were found for S. aureus (22.1%) and Pseudomonas spp. (26.9%). Klebsiella spp. and E. coli had the highest proportions of resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (15.5 and 26.2%, respectively). Proportions of resistance to tetracycline were among the highest for all the bacteria considered. Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was below 10% for all Enterobacteriaceae. The highest proportions of multidrug resistance (22.5%) were found among S. aureus isolates, which is worrying given their zoonotic potential. From 2012 to 2016, resistance proportions decreased in Pseudomonas spp. isolates, but remained the same for S. aureus. For Streptococcus spp. and E. coli, resistance proportions to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole increased. Conclusions: Since antibiograms are not systematic analyses, any selection bias could impact the results. Conclusions: Such studies are essential to estimate the magnitude of the potential threat of AMR to public health, to design efficient control strategies and to measure their effectiveness. These findings may also guide the initial empirical treatment of horse diseases.
© 2019 EVJ Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2019-06-17 PubMed ID: 31033041DOI: 10.1111/evj.13133Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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This research article investigates the patterns of antimicrobial resistance of bacteria found in diseased horses in France, with a focus on the potential transmission of these resistant bacteria to humans.

Study Purpose and Methodology

  • The primary objective of this study was to characterize the Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) profiles of crucial bacteria isolated from diseased horses in France.
  • The study is a retrospective observational analysis of data gathered from 2012 to 2016 by RESAPATH, the French national surveillance network for AMR.
  • The research considered only those antimicrobials that are significant in both veterinary and human medicine. This approach emphasizes the researchers’ interest in the potential transfer of AMR from horses to humans.
  • The researchers calculated both mono-drug and multi-drug resistance and assessed and compared the resistance proportions of significant equine diseases.
  • They used generalised additive models for nonlinear analysis to investigate resistance trends where data allowed.

Study Findings

  • A total of 12,695 antibiograms (lab tests that help define the effectiveness of antibiotics against pathogens) were analysed during the study.
  • The five bacteria most frequently isolated were Streptococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Pantoea spp., and Klebsiella spp.
  • The highest proportions of resistance to the antibiotic gentamicin were found in S. aureus and Pseudomonas spp.
  • Klebsiella spp. and E. coli showed the highest proportions of resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, another antibiotic.
  • All the bacteria under study showed high levels of resistance to tetracycline, yet another antibiotic.
  • Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, a class of antibiotics, was below 10% for all Enterobacteriaceae, a family of bacteria.
  • The bacterial strain with the highest proportions of multidrug resistance was S. aureus, arousing concern due to its potential to cause zoonotic (communicable from animals to humans) diseases.
  • From 2012 to 2016, Pseudomonas spp. showed a decrease in resistance proportions, while S. aureus maintained its levels of resistance. Streptococcus spp. and E. coli saw an increase in resistance proportions to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

Conclusions and Implications

  • The researchers caution that since antibiograms are not systematic analyses, selection bias could potentially impact the results.
  • They underscore the importance of such studies for estimating the potential threat of AMR to public health, developing efficient control strategies, and evaluating their effectiveness.
  • The findings from this research could also inform the initial empirical treatment of horse diseases and serve as a guide for selecting appropriate antibiotics.

Cite This Article

APA
Bourély C, Cazeau G, Jarrige N, Haenni M, Gay E, Leblond A. (2019). Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from diseased horses in France. Equine Vet J, 52(1), 112-119. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13133

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 2042-3306
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 52
Issue: 1
Pages: 112-119

Researcher Affiliations

Bourély, C
  • École Nationale des Services Vétérinaires, ENSV, VetagroSup, Marcy l'Étoile, France.
  • Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Épidémiologie et Appui à la Surveillance, Université de Lyon, ANSES, Lyon, France.
  • Epidémiologie des maladies Animales et zoonotiques, INRA, EPIA, UMR 0346, VetAgroSup, University of Lyon, Marcy L'Etoile, France.
Cazeau, G
  • Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Épidémiologie et Appui à la Surveillance, Université de Lyon, ANSES, Lyon, France.
Jarrige, N
  • Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Épidémiologie et Appui à la Surveillance, Université de Lyon, ANSES, Lyon, France.
Haenni, M
  • Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Université de Lyon, ANSES, Lyon, France.
Gay, E
  • Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Épidémiologie et Appui à la Surveillance, Université de Lyon, ANSES, Lyon, France.
Leblond, A
  • Epidémiologie des maladies Animales et zoonotiques, INRA, EPIA, UMR 0346, VetAgroSup, University of Lyon, Marcy L'Etoile, France.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Bacterial Infections / epidemiology
  • Bacterial Infections / microbiology
  • Bacterial Infections / veterinary
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
  • France / epidemiology
  • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
  • Horse Diseases / microbiology
  • Horses
  • Public Health
  • Retrospective Studies

Grant Funding

  • French Ministry of Agriculture

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