Antiviral, anti-glycoprotein and neutralizing antibodies in foals with equine infectious anaemia virus.
Abstract: Equine infectious anaemia virus is related by genome sequence homology to human immunodeficiency virus, caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus and visna virus. Failure of the host to mount a strong neutralizing response detectable in vitro or to eliminate persistent infection in vivo characterizes lentivirus infections in the natural host. In this study the specificities and neutralizing activity of antibodies induced during experimental infection with equine infectious anaemia virus were investigated using antiviral ELISA, radioimmunoprecipitation and neutralization assays. ELISA antibody titres of 10(5) to 10(6) were demonstrated in samples collected 30 and 60 days after infection. Immunoprecipitation titrations demonstrated that antibody titres to the glycoproteins gp90 and gp45 were 10 to 100 times higher than titres to the internal structural protein, p24. Low levels of neutralizing antibody appeared at 23 to 46 days post-infection. The presence of low levels of neutralizing activity in the presence of high levels of anti-glycoprotein activity suggests that the major immunogenic sites on the viral surface are not sensitive to neutralization.
Publication Date: 1988-03-01 PubMed ID: 3351480DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-69-3-667Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Research Support
- U.S. Gov't
- Non-P.H.S.
- Research Support
- U.S. Gov't
- P.H.S.
Summary
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This study investigates the specific antibodies induced during infection with equine infectious anaemia virus (EIAV), a virus related to HIV. The researchers found antibodies with high specificity towards the virus’s glycoproteins, yet these antibodies exhibited a low capability to neutralize the virus, suggesting these specific parts of the virus are resistant to neutralization.
Background and Purpose of the Study
- The study focused on understanding the nature of the antibodies produced in response to equine infectious anaemia virus (EIAV), a virus similar to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
- In particular, the researchers aimed to discover how successful these antibodies are in neutralizing the virus, which is crucial to the body’s ability to fight infection effectively. This research could have implications for how these types of viruses are tackled in both equine and human health settings.
Research Methodology
- The researchers conducted their study using experimental infection with EIAV.
- The specificities and neutralizing activities of the resultant antibodies were investigated with antiviral ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), radioimmunoprecipitation (a technique for detecting specific proteins), and neutralization assays (tests that check the ability of antibodies to stop the virus).
- The researchers collected samples 30 and 60 days after the infection to observe the development and activity of induced antibodies.
Findings and Conclusions
- The study showed that the antibody titres, a measure of the antibodies in the blood, between 10(5) to 10(6) were demonstrated in samples collected 30 and 60 days after infection.
- It was discovered that the antibody titres to the virus’s glycoproteins, gp90, and gp45, were notably higher than titres to the internal structural protein, p24.
- However, these antibodies only exhibited low levels of neutralizing activity, which appeared at 23 to 46 days post-infection.
- The presence of low levels of neutralizing activity combined with high levels of anti-glycoprotein activity suggests that while the immune system was recognizing and responding to the viral surface proteins, these particular proteins on the EIAV are surprisingly resistant to neutralization. This resistance might contribute to the persistence of lentivirus infections in hosts.
Cite This Article
APA
O'Rourke K, Perryman LE, McGuire TC.
(1988).
Antiviral, anti-glycoprotein and neutralizing antibodies in foals with equine infectious anaemia virus.
J Gen Virol, 69 ( Pt 3), 667-674.
https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-69-3-667 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman 99163.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral / immunology
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Glycoproteins / immunology
- Horse Diseases / etiology
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horses / immunology
- Neutralization Tests
- Viral Proteins / immunology
- Viremia / etiology
- Viremia / immunology
Grant Funding
- A124166 / PHS HHS
- A124291 / PHS HHS
Citations
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