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Drug testing and analysis2020; 13(5); 1008-1033; doi: 10.1002/dta.2881

Application of a non-target variable data independent workflow (vDIA) for the screening of prohibited substances in doping control testing.

Abstract: A non-target variable Data Independent Acquisition (vDIA) workflow based on accurate mass measurements using a Q Exactive OrbiTrap is presented for the first time for equine doping control testing. The vDIA workflow uses a combination of MS1 events (1 to 2) and multiple vDIA events to cover the analytes of interest. The workflow basically captures a digital image of a sample allowing all relevant MS1 and MS2 data to be recorded. In theory, the workflow can accommodate an unlimited number of analytes as long as they are amenable to the sample extraction protocol and fall within the mass limits of the workflow. Additional targets fulfilling the above requirements can be added without changing any settings. The performance of the vDIA workflow was illustrated by applying it to two screening methods in horse urine, with one workflow covering 331 basic drugs and the other covering 45 quaternary ammonium drugs (QADs). Both screening methods have good detection sensitivity with 84% of the basic drugs having Limits of Detection (LoDs) of ≤ 1 ng/mL and 84% of the QADs having LoDs of ≤ 0.4 ng/mL. Other method characteristics including retention reproducibility, method precision and false hit rate will also be presented.
© 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2020-07-15 PubMed ID: 32568425DOI: 10.1002/dta.2881Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The paper details the first application of a non-target variable Data Independent Acquisition (vDIA) workflow for equine doping control testing. The vDIA workflow, based on accurate mass measurements, can theoretically allow for unlimited analytes, providing that they fit within the mass limits of the workflow.

vDIA Workflow and its Functionality

  • The vDIA workflow functions by using a combination of MS1 events – typically 1 or 2 – and multiple vDIA events to target the analytes.
  • Essentially, this process captures a ‘digital image’ of a sample. This means that all significant MS1 and MS2 data is recorded for the sample.
  • The beauty of this vDIA model is its potential scalability: it theoretically allows for an infinite number of analytes, provided they are compatible with the sample extraction protocol and fit within the mass limits of the workflow.
  • This suggests that additional targets that meet these criteria can be incorporated into the workflow without any need for changes to the settings.

Application of the vDIA Workflow

  • The researchers tested the efficiency and performance of the vDIA workflow by employing it in two distinct screening methods in horse urine.
  • The first workflow targeted 331 basic drugs and the other aimed to find 45 quaternary ammonium drugs (QADs).
  • Statistical results indicated that both of these screening methods yielded good detection sensitivity: a whopping 84% of the basic drugs had Limits of Detection (LoDs) of ≤ 1 ng/mL and another 84% of the QADs had LoDs of ≤ 0.4 ng/mL.
  • The paper also presents other method characteristics such as method precision, the reproducibility of retention, and the false hit rate, to further analyse the performance of vDIA workflow.

Overall, this research paper presents innovative techniques for efficient detection of prohibited substances for equine doping control. The established vDIA workflow could potentially streamline testing procedures without compromising on detection accuracy and precision.

Cite This Article

APA
Leung DKK, Wong ASY, Zhou QL, Wan TSM, Ho ENM. (2020). Application of a non-target variable data independent workflow (vDIA) for the screening of prohibited substances in doping control testing. Drug Test Anal, 13(5), 1008-1033. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.2881

Publication

Drug testing and analysis
ISSN: 1942-7611
NlmUniqueID: 101483449
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 13
Issue: 5
Pages: 1008-1033

Researcher Affiliations

Leung, David K K
  • Racing Laboratory, The Hong Kong Jockey Club, Sha Tin Racecourse, Sha Tin, N. T., Hong Kong, China.
Wong, April S Y
  • Racing Laboratory, The Hong Kong Jockey Club, Sha Tin Racecourse, Sha Tin, N. T., Hong Kong, China.
Zhou, Q L
  • Racing Laboratory, The Hong Kong Jockey Club, Sha Tin Racecourse, Sha Tin, N. T., Hong Kong, China.
Wan, Terence S M
  • Racing Laboratory, The Hong Kong Jockey Club, Sha Tin Racecourse, Sha Tin, N. T., Hong Kong, China.
Ho, Emmie N M
  • Racing Laboratory, The Hong Kong Jockey Club, Sha Tin Racecourse, Sha Tin, N. T., Hong Kong, China.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / veterinary
  • Doping in Sports
  • Horses / urine
  • Limit of Detection
  • Pharmaceutical Preparations / urine
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / veterinary
  • Substance Abuse Detection / veterinary
  • Urinalysis / veterinary
  • Workflow

References

This article includes 20 references
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