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Home / Equine Research Bank / Equine Vet J / Applied equine genetics.
Equine veterinary journal2014; 46(5); 538-544; doi: 10.1111/evj.12294

Applied equine genetics.

Abstract: Genome sequencing of the domestic horse and subsequent advancements in the field of equine genomics have led to an explosion in the development of tools for mapping traits and diseases and evaluating gene expression. The objective of this review is to discuss the current progress in the field of equine genomics, with specific emphasis on assembly and analysis of the reference sequence and subsequent sequencing of a Quarter Horse mare; the genomic tools currently available to researchers and their implications in genomic investigations in the horse; the genomics of Mendelian and non-Mendelian traits; the genomics of performance traits and considerations regarding genetic testing in the horse. The whole-genome sequencing of a Quarter Horse mare has provided additional variants within the equine genome that extend past single nucleotide polymorphisms to include insertions/deletions and copy number variants. Equine single nucleotide polymorphism arrays have allowed for the investigation of both simple and complex genetic traits while DNA microarrays have provided a tool for examining gene expression across various tissues and with certain disease conditions. Recently, next-generation sequencing has become more affordable and both whole-genome DNA sequencing and transcriptome-wide RNA sequencing are methodologies that are being applied to equine genomic research. Research in the field of equine genomics continues to expand rapidly as the cost of genotyping and sequencing decreases, resulting in a need for quality bioinformatics software and expertise to appropriately handle both the size and complexity of these data.
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Publication Date: 2014-06-25 PubMed ID: 24802051PubMed Central: PMC4327934DOI: 10.1111/evj.12294Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research paper discusses the significant advances made in the field of equine genomics – the study of horse genes – with a particular focus on the sequencing and analysis of a Quarter Horse mare’s genome, and the tools, techniques and implications related to this study.

Overview of the Equine Genomics Field

  • With genome sequencing of the domestic horse and subsequent development in equine genetics, researchers have been able to map traits and diseases, and evaluate gene expression to help understand disease mechanisms and improve horse health and performance.

Sequencing and Analysis of the Quarter Horse Mare

  • Genome sequencing of a Quarter Horse mare was a significant part of this study. This process involves decoding the horse’s complete set of DNA and can provide crucial genetic information.
  • This sequencing provided additional variants in the equine genome, including insertions/deletions and copy number variants. This helps researchers to comprehend the full range of genetic diversity in horses and connect specific genetic variations with observed traits or diseases.

Current Tools and Methodologies

  • The paper highlights the use of single nucleotide polymorphism arrays in equine genetics. These tools have been used to investigate both simple and complex genetic traits in horses.
  • The use of DNA microarrays was also noted as an essential method for studying gene expression across various horse tissues and identifying changes linked to certain diseases.
  • The authors also mention the recent affordability of next-generation sequencing. Both whole-genome DNA sequencing and transcriptome-wide RNA sequencing have become valuable tools in equine genetics research, providing more extensive and detailed information on horse genes.

The Genomics of Traits and Genetic Testing Considerations

  • The research review discusses the application of genomics to understand both Mendelian traits (inherited from a single gene) and non-Mendelian traits (inherited from multiple genes).
  • It further emphasizes the role of genomics in performance traits in horses, highlighting the potential usefulness of genetic information in horse breeding and management.
  • The paper raised important considerations regarding genetic testing in horses, implying a careful approach is required, considering the complex nature of the genomic data.

The Need for Advanced Bioinformatics

  • The paper reports a growing need for quality bioinformatics software and expertise as the cost of genotyping and sequencing decreases, resulting in large and complex data to handle.
  • The authors acknowledge that the research in the field of equine genomics is quickly expanding due to more affordable DNA sequencing, leading to an increasing need for tools capable of effectively managing and interpreting the data.

Cite This Article

APA
Finno CJ, Bannasch DL. (2014). Applied equine genetics. Equine Vet J, 46(5), 538-544. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.12294

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 2042-3306
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 46
Issue: 5
Pages: 538-544

Researcher Affiliations

Finno, C J
  • Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, USA.
Bannasch, D L

    MeSH Terms

    • Animals
    • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
    • Genome
    • Genomics / methods
    • Horse Diseases / genetics
    • Horses / genetics

    Grant Funding

    • K01 OD015134 / NIH HHS
    • 1K01OD015134-01A1 / NIH HHS

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