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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Vet Sci / Are pulmonary hemostasis and fibrinolysis out of balance in ...
Journal of veterinary science2017; 18(3); 349-357; doi: 10.4142/jvs.2017.18.3.349

Are pulmonary hemostasis and fibrinolysis out of balance in equine chronic pneumopathies?

Abstract: Clinical examination, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cytology, acute-phase protein, and pulmonary hemostasis and fibrinolysis marker (fibrinogen, serum amyloid A [SAA], and D-dimer) results were compared between control and respiratory disease-affected horses. Using a clinical scoring system, horses (n = 58) were classified as respiratory disease-free (Controls, n = 15) or with recurrent airway obstruction (RAO; n = 18), inflammatory airway disease (n = 14) or chronic interstitial pneumopathy (n = 11). There were no significant differences in fibrinogen concentrations among groups, but there was a trend toward a lower value in controls (median 0.0024 g/L) than in horses with chronic pneumopathies (median 0.0052 g/L), in particular, those with RAO (median 0.0062 g/L). Fibrinogen concentration was positively correlated with percentage of neutrophils in BALF ( = 0.377, = 0.004). SAA concentrations were low; 65.5% of samples were below the detection limit. D-dimer concentrations were also low and quantifiable concentrations were only obtained after ultrafiltration and only in RAO (median 0.1 mg/L). In conclusion, there was limited evidence of increased coagulatory activity in chronic pneumopathies, apart from RAO. It is uncertain whether fibrinogen and D-dimer concentrations increased due to their role as acute-phase proteins or as a misbalance of coagulation and fibrinolysis.
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Publication Date: 2017-01-07 PubMed ID: 28057902PubMed Central: PMC5639088DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2017.18.3.349Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research focuses on examining the balance of pulmonary hemostasis and fibrinolysis in horses with chronic respiratory diseases. The findings indicate that in these horses, especially those with recurrent airway obstruction, fibrinogen concentration may increase, which may be due to the role of fibrinogen as an acute-phase protein or an indication of coagulation and fibrinolysis misbalance.

Methodology and Study Group

  • The researchers opted for a clinical examination of 58 horses, comparing data between horses free from respiratory diseases and those affected.
  • The horses were classified into control (healthy) and those with chronic respiratory conditions, including recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), inflammatory airway disease and chronic interstitial pneumopathy.
  • Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cytology, acute-phase proteins were assessed, and pulmonary hemostasis and fibrinolysis markers like fibrinogen, serum amyloid A (SAA), and D-dimer results were analyzed.

Key Findings

  • The researchers concluded that there were no significant variances in fibrinogen concentrations amongst the groups, although there was a slight trend towards a lower value in controls than in horses with chronic pneumopathies.
  • Of note, horses with RAO exhibited higher median fibrinogen concentration.
  • Fibrinogen concentration was seen to have a positive correlation with the percentage of neutrophils in BALF, hinting at a potential association between the two.
  • Minimum concentrations of SAA were found with 65.5% of the samples lying below the detection limit. D-dimer concentrations were also low, with quantifiable concentrations only obtained after ultrafiltration in RAO horses.

Conclusions

  • From the observations made, the study found only limited evidence of increased coagulatory activity in chronic pneumopathies, the exception being for RAO, where there was a notable increase.
  • It cannot be definitively stated that the increases in fibrinogen and D-dimer concentrations occurred due to their actions as acute-phase proteins or as an indication of a misbalance in coagulation and fibrinolysis.

Cite This Article

APA
Barton AK, Wirth C, Bondzio A, Einspanier R, Gehlen H. (2017). Are pulmonary hemostasis and fibrinolysis out of balance in equine chronic pneumopathies? J Vet Sci, 18(3), 349-357. https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2017.18.3.349

Publication

Journal of veterinary science
ISSN: 1976-555X
NlmUniqueID: 100964185
Country: Korea (South)
Language: English
Volume: 18
Issue: 3
Pages: 349-357

Researcher Affiliations

Barton, Ann Kristin
  • Equine Clinic, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany.
Wirth, Caroline
  • Equine Clinic, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany.
Bondzio, Angelika
  • Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany.
Einspanier, Ralf
  • Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany.
Gehlen, Heidrun
  • Equine Clinic, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany.

MeSH Terms

  • Acute-Phase Proteins / analysis
  • Airway Obstruction / metabolism
  • Airway Obstruction / physiopathology
  • Airway Obstruction / veterinary
  • Animals
  • Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / chemistry
  • Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / cytology
  • Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / analysis
  • Fibrinogen / analysis
  • Fibrinolysis / physiology
  • Hemostasis / physiology
  • Horse Diseases / metabolism
  • Horse Diseases / physiopathology
  • Horses
  • Lung Diseases / metabolism
  • Lung Diseases / physiopathology
  • Lung Diseases / veterinary
  • Serum Amyloid A Protein / analysis

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interests.

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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Long A, Nolen-Walston R. Equine Inflammatory Markers in the Twenty-First Century: A Focus on Serum Amyloid A.. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2020 Apr;36(1):147-160.
    doi: 10.1016/j.cveq.2019.12.005pubmed: 32007299google scholar: lookup
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