Aspiration, but not injection, decreases cultured equine mesenchymal stromal cell viability.
Abstract: Recently, equine multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have received significant attention as therapy for various conditions due to their proposed regenerative and immune-modulating capacity. MSC are commonly administered to the patient through a hypodermic needle. Currently, little information is available on the effect of such injection has on equine MSC immediate and delayed viability. We hypothesize that viability of equine MSC is not correlated with needle diameter during aspiration and injection. Results: Using a 3 mL syringe, manual injection of equine cord blood (CB) or bone marrow-derived (BM) MSC with no needle and needles ranging in size from 18 to 30 Ga did not affect immediate MSC viability. Similarly, 24 h post-injection, MSC delayed viability was not different between any of the tested needles as determined by a resazurin-based proliferation assay. Using a 3 mL syringe, aspiration of MSC through 20, 25, and 30 Ga needles resulted in significant decreases in immediate viability with no change in delayed viability when compared to aspiration without a needle. BM- and CB-MSC were observed to be of similar size with a diameter ± SD of 19.8 ± 2.7 and 20.4 ± 2.2 μm, respectively. In comparison, the smallest needles, (30 Ga) have an internal diameter of 160 μm. Conclusions: Following injection, needle diameter did not affect immediate or delayed viability of equine MSC. Following aspiration through needles sizes 20 Ga and smaller, immediate viability, but not delayed viability, decreased. As a result, an 18 Ga or larger needle should be utilized for aspiration of cell suspensions. In contrast, needle selection for MSC injection should be based on clinical preference and experience rather than concerns over decreasing MSC viability.
Publication Date: 2016-03-07 PubMed ID: 26952099PubMed Central: PMC4780131DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0671-2Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The research article investigates if equine mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) viability is affected by the diameter of hypodermic needles used for injection or aspiration. Findings suggest that needle diameter is not a critical factor for injection, while needle size significantly impacts MSC viability during aspiration.
Research Objectives
- The study aimed to understand the impact of the diameters of hypodermic needles on the viability of equine MSC during aspiration and injection.
- The researchers hypothesized that the viability of equine MSC would not be correlated with the needle size during these processes.
Methods
- Manual injection of equine cord blood (CB) or bone marrow-derived (BM) MSC was performed using a 3 mL syringe, with no needle and needles ranging in size from 18 to 30 Ga. The immediate and 24-hours post-injection MSC viability was examined and compared across the different needles.
- Aspiration of MSC through 20, 25, and 30 Ga needles was conducted and the resulting immediate and delayed viability were analyzed in relation to aspiration without a needle.
- Nearest measurements of the MSC size were taken for contextual comparison with needle gauges.
Results
- Findings confirmed that needle diameter during injection did not affect immediate or 24-hour post-injection MSC viability.
- On the contrary, aspiration of MSC through 20, 25, and 30 Ga needles significantly reduced immediate viability but did not change delayed viability as compared to aspiration without a needle.
- The size of the BM- and CB-MSCs was found to be relatively similar, and both larger than the smallest needles tested (30 Ga).
Conclusions
- Based on the research findings, the paper suggests that an 18 Ga or larger needle should be utilized for aspiration of cell suspensions to ensure optimal immediate MSC viability.
- In contrast, the study concluded that the choice of needle for MSC injection could be made based on clinical preference and experience, rather than concerns about potential impacts on MSC viability.
Cite This Article
APA
Williams LB, Russell KA, Koenig JB, Koch TG.
(2016).
Aspiration, but not injection, decreases cultured equine mesenchymal stromal cell viability.
BMC Vet Res, 12, 45.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-016-0671-2 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada. williamsdvm@gmail.com.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada. krusse05@uoguelph.ca.
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada. jkoenig@uoguelph.ca.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada. tkoch@uoguelph.ca.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Cell Survival
- Cells, Cultured
- Horses
- Injections / instrumentation
- Injections / methods
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells
- Needles
References
This article includes 18 references
- Caniglia CJ, Schramme MC, Smith RK. The effect of intralesional injection of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells and bone marrow supernatant on collagen fibril size in a surgical model of equine superficial digital flexor tendonitis.. Equine Vet J 2012 Sep;44(5):587-93.
- Rich RF, Carpenter E. Outcome of 42 horses with stifle injuries treated with adipose-derived regenerative cells and IRAP. Proceedings of the North American Veterinary Regenerative Medicine Association (NAVRMA) Symposium 2013.
- Ferris DJ, Frisbie DD, Kisiday JD, McIlwraith CW, Hague BA, Major MD, Schneider RK, Zubrod CJ, Kawcak CE, Goodrich LR. Clinical outcome after intra-articular administration of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells in 33 horses with stifle injury.. Vet Surg 2014 Mar;43(3):255-65.
- Orozco L, Munar A, Soler R, Alberca M, Soler F, Huguet M, Sentís J, Sánchez A, García-Sancho J. Treatment of knee osteoarthritis with autologous mesenchymal stem cells: a pilot study.. Transplantation 2013 Jun 27;95(12):1535-41.
- Smith RK, Korda M, Blunn GW, Goodship AE. Isolation and implantation of autologous equine mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow into the superficial digital flexor tendon as a potential novel treatment.. Equine Vet J 2003 Jan;35(1):99-102.
- Wong KL, Lee KB, Tai BC, Law P, Lee EH, Hui JH. Injectable cultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in varus knees with cartilage defects undergoing high tibial osteotomy: a prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial with 2 years' follow-up.. Arthroscopy 2013 Dec;29(12):2020-8.
- . Guidance for FDA reviewers and sponsors content and review of chemistry, manufacturing, and control (CMC) information for human somatic cell therapy. Updated April 2008. Accessed 11/18, 2013.
- Walker PA, Jimenez F, Gerber MH, Aroom KR, Shah SK, Harting MT, Gill BS, Savitz SI, Cox CS Jr. Effect of needle diameter and flow rate on rat and human mesenchymal stromal cell characterization and viability.. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2010 Oct;16(5):989-97.
- Zhang YG, Yang Z, Zhang H, Wang C, Liu M, Guo X, Xu P. Effect of negative pressure on human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.. Connect Tissue Res 2010;51(1):14-21.
- Sharp MK, Mohammad SF. Scaling of hemolysis in needles and catheters.. Ann Biomed Eng 1998 Sep-Oct;26(5):788-97.
- Lang H, Schanabel LV, Fortier LA. Needle diameter affects viability of equine bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Proceedings of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons (ACVS) Symposium 2013; p. E97.
- Garvican ER, Cree S, Bull L, Smith RK, Dudhia J. Viability of equine mesenchymal stem cells during transport and implantation.. Stem Cell Res Ther 2014 Aug 8;5(4):94.
- Mamidi MK, Singh G, Husin JM, Nathan KG, Sasidharan G, Zakaria Z, Bhonde R, Majumdar AS, Das AK. Impact of passing mesenchymal stem cells through smaller bore size needles for subsequent use in patients for clinical or cosmetic indications.. J Transl Med 2012 Nov 21;10:229.
- Co C, Vickaryous MK, Koch TG. Membrane culture and reduced oxygen tension enhances cartilage matrix formation from equine cord blood mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro.. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2014 Mar;22(3):472-80.
- Koch TG, Thomsen PD, Betts DH. Improved isolation protocol for equine cord blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells.. Cytotherapy 2009;11(4):443-7.
- Williams LB, Tessier L, Koenig JB, Koch TG. Post-thaw non-cultured and post-thaw cultured equine cord blood mesenchymal stromal cells equally suppress lymphocyte proliferation in vitro.. PLoS One 2014;9(12):e113615.
- Agashi K, Chau DY, Shakesheff KM. The effect of delivery via narrow-bore needles on mesenchymal cells.. Regen Med 2009 Jan;4(1):49-64.
- Cree SJ, Smith RK, Dudhia J. The Effect of Injection Needle Gauge Size on the Viability of Equine Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Equine Vet J 2013;45:4.
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
