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Influenza and other respiratory viruses2016; 10(6); 536-539; doi: 10.1111/irv.12418

Assessment of antigenic difference of equine influenza virus strains by challenge study in horses.

Abstract: We previously reported that horse antiserum against the Japanese equine influenza vaccine virus, A/equine/La Plata/1993 (LP93) exhibited reduced cross-neutralization against some Florida sublineage Clade (Fc) 2 viruses, for example, A/equine/Carlow/2011 (CL11). As a result, Japanese vaccine manufacturers will replace LP93 with A/equine/Yokohama/aq13/2010 (Y10, Fc2). To assess the benefit of updating the vaccine, five horses vaccinated with inactivated Y10 vaccine and five vaccinated with inactivated LP93 were challenged by exposure to a nebulized aerosol of CL11. The durations of pyrexia (≥38.5°C) and other adverse clinical symptoms experienced by the Y10 group were significantly shorter than those of the LP93 group.
© 2016 The Authors. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2016-08-09 PubMed ID: 27465864PubMed Central: PMC5059955DOI: 10.1111/irv.12418Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research paper evaluates the potential benefit of updating the equine influenza vaccine used in Japan. Preliminary results indicate that horses immunized with the proposed vaccine showed shorter periods of fever and fewer adverse clinical symptoms after exposure to a challenging influenza virus strain than those vaccinated with the existing vaccine.

Introduction

  • The study was a continuation of previous research, where it had been noted that certain immune responses in horses to the current Japanese equine influenza vaccine were not as effective against some strains of the virus.
  • This insufficiency motivated the undertaking of an investigation to justify the replacement of the current vaccine variant with a potentially more effective one.

Methodology

  • A group of ten horses was divided evenly into two – with one group receiving the A/equine/Yokohama/aq13/2010 (Y10, Fc2) vaccine strain, which is the proposed replacement, and another group was vaccinated with the current A/equine/La Plata/1993 (LP93) strain.
  • Both groups of horses were then exposed to an aerosol of A/equine/Carlow/2011 (CL11), a challenging virus strain against which the LP93 had demonstrated reduced effectiveness.

Results

  • The outcome of the research indicated that the group of horses vaccinated with the Y10 strain had significantly milder symptoms and shorter periods of fever than the group which had received the LP93 vaccine.
  • This result could suggest that the Y10 strain has a superior protective quality against the equine influenza virus compared to the existing LP93 strain, particularly against certain tough strains.

Conclusion

  • The findings from this research provide a promising argument for updating the current equine influenza vaccine used in Japan with the Y10 strain.
  • The final decision, however, would likely hinge on a more comprehensive analysis and direct comparison of the two vaccines and their overall effectiveness against a wider range of virus strains.

Cite This Article

APA
Yamanaka T, Nemoto M, Bannai H, Tsujimura K, Kondo T, Matsumura T, Gildea S, Cullinane A. (2016). Assessment of antigenic difference of equine influenza virus strains by challenge study in horses. Influenza Other Respir Viruses, 10(6), 536-539. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12418

Publication

Influenza and other respiratory viruses
ISSN: 1750-2659
NlmUniqueID: 101304007
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 10
Issue: 6
Pages: 536-539

Researcher Affiliations

Yamanaka, Takashi
  • Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan. yamanaka@equinst.go.jp.
Nemoto, Manabu
  • Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
  • Virology Unit, Irish Equine Centre, Johnstown, Naas, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
Bannai, Hiroshi
  • Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
Tsujimura, Koji
  • Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
Kondo, Takashi
  • Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
Matsumura, Tomio
  • Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
Gildea, Sarah
  • Virology Unit, Irish Equine Centre, Johnstown, Naas, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
Cullinane, Ann
  • Virology Unit, Irish Equine Centre, Johnstown, Naas, Co. Kildare, Ireland.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Viral / blood
  • Antibodies, Viral / immunology
  • Antigens, Viral / genetics
  • Antigens, Viral / immunology
  • Horse Diseases / immunology
  • Horse Diseases / virology
  • Horses
  • Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype / immunology
  • Influenza A virus / immunology
  • Influenza Vaccines / immunology
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / immunology
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / veterinary
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / virology
  • Vaccines, Inactivated / administration & dosage
  • Vaccines, Inactivated / immunology

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Citations

This article has been cited 8 times.
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    doi: 10.1007/s00705-023-05720-xpubmed: 36806782google scholar: lookup
  2. Ahmed BM, Bayoumi MM, Farrag MA, Elgamal MA, Daly JM, Amer HM. Emergence of equine influenza virus H3Nx Florida clade 2 in Arabian racehorses in Egypt. Virol J 2022 Nov 12;19(1):185.
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