Association between sperm DNA fragmentation and fertility parameters in farm animals: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Abstract: Accurately predicting male fertility is crucial for the animal breeding industry due to its significant economic implications. Existing literature suggests that mammalian fertility is partially dependent on sperm DNA integrity. However, routine semen analysis often fails to detect DNA damage and does not consistently correlate with field fertility outcomes. While assessing sperm DNA integrity provides valuable biological insights, its role in diagnosing animal infertility remains uncertain. Results: This meta-analysis evaluated the association between sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and fertility in farm animals. Comprehensive searches were conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Springer Link Library, with results stratified by animal species and SDF detection methods. Across 30 studies, the overall correlation coefficient (COR) between SDF and male fertility was -0.46 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.54 to -0.37; Z = -8.97; p < 0.001). A significant association was observed in bulls (COR = -0.47; 95% CI: -0.54 to -0.40; Z = -11.13; p < 0.001) and stallions (COR = -0.54; 95% CI: -0.72 to -0.29; Z = -3.83; p < 0.001), whereas no significant relationship was found in boars (COR = -0.19; 95% CI: -0.37 to 0.01; Z = -1.84; p = 0.07). The effect of SDF on male fertility was analyzed in 15 studies, demonstrating significantly higher SDF values in low-fertility animals compared to high-fertility groups (SMD = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.68 to 1.01; Z = 10.07; p < 0.001). This pattern was observed in both bulls (SMD = 1.21; 95% CI: 0.85 to 1.57; Z = 6.59; p < 0.001) and stallions (SMD = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.85; Z = 6.14; p < 0.001) subgroups. Conclusions: These findings suggest that incorporating SDF assays into breeding soundness evaluations could enhance the accuracy of selecting high-quality breeding males for artificial breeding programs. However, further research with adequately powered studies, standardized methodologies, and appropriate sample sizes is necessary to fully elucidate the impact of elevated SDF on fertility in farm animals.
© 2025. The Author(s).
Publication Date: 2025-03-26 PubMed ID: 40133892PubMed Central: PMC11938742DOI: 10.1186/s12917-025-04652-9Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Meta-Analysis
- Systematic Review
Summary
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This research article presents a systematic review and meta-analysis of various studies that explore the relationship between sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and fertility in farm animal males. The study indicates that evaluating SDF can improve the prediction of animal fertility but further research is needed to completely understand the implications.
Research Background
- The importance of accurate prediction of male fertility for the animal breeding industry due to practical economic impacts is highlighted.
- The role of sperm DNA integrity in mammalian fertility is acknowledged but indicates limitations with current semen analysis in detecting DNA damage and in consistent correlation with fertility outcomes.
- The authors express the uncertainty around the usefulness of assessing sperm DNA integrity in diagnosing animal infertility.
Research Methods
- The authors conducted an extensive meta-analysis, analyzing the correlation between sperm DNA fragmentation and fertility across multiple farm animals.
- The systematic review involved gathering data from several platforms like PubMed, Google Scholar, and Springer Link Library.
- The data were then categorized based on animal species and the methods used for detecting SDF.
Main Findings
- In a total of 30 studies, the overall correlation between SDF and male fertility was negative, suggesting that increased SDF is associated with reduced male fertility.
- Significant negative associations between SDF and fertility were observed in bulls and stallions specifically.
- In contrast, there was no significant correlation found in boars.
- The studies also included an analysis of the impact of SDF on male fertility, with higher SDF values associated with lower fertility animals as compared to high fertility groups.
Conclusion and Impacts
- The study concludes that integrating SDF assessments into breeding evaluations might improve the selection of high-quality breeding males for artificial breeding programs.
- Despite these results, the study also emphasizes that further research is needed. Specifically, future studies need to have adequate power, standardized methodologies, and appropriate sample sizes to fully understand the influence of increased SDF on farm animal fertility.
Cite This Article
APA
Abah KO, Ligocka-Kowalczyk Z, Itodo JI, Ameh G, Partyka A, Nizanski W.
(2025).
Association between sperm DNA fragmentation and fertility parameters in farm animals: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
BMC Vet Res, 21(1), 204.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04652-9 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Plac Grunwaldzki 49, 50‑366, Wroclaw, Poland. kenneth.abah@upwr.edu.pl.
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Plac Grunwaldzki 49, 50‑366, Wroclaw, Poland.
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Federal University Lafia, Lafia, Nasarawa, 950101, Nigeria.
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, Airport Road FCT - Abuja P.M.B 117, Abuja, Nigeria.
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Plac Grunwaldzki 49, 50‑366, Wroclaw, Poland.
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Plac Grunwaldzki 49, 50‑366, Wroclaw, Poland.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Male
- DNA Fragmentation
- Spermatozoa / physiology
- Fertility / genetics
- Fertility / physiology
- Horses
- Semen Analysis / veterinary
- Animals, Domestic
Conflict of Interest Statement
Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
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