Association of Australian arboviruses with nervous disease in horses.
Abstract: An outbreak of Murray Valley encephalitis (MVE) occurred in New South Wales during the first five months of 1974. Specimens from 52 horses with nervous disease collected January to May 1974 were examined histopathological or virologically. Although MVE virus was not isolated, 13 horses had serological evidence of recent infection with MVE virus. Another 4 horses had evidence of recent infection with Ross River virus. Two animals had histological evidence of viral infection of the central nervous system. Attempts to experimentally infect 2 horses with a low dose of MVE virus were not successful by intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous routes.
Publication Date: 1977-02-01 PubMed ID: 856148DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1977.tb14886.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research paper discusses an outbreak of Murray Valley Encephalitis (MVE) in Australia in 1974, with a focus on its impact and associated symptoms in horses. The authors analyzed specimens from 52 horses, observed for indications of viral infections, and found a considerable prevalence of MVE and Ross River virus among the subjects.
Study Overview
- The study was conducted in response to an outbreak of Murray Valley Encephalitis (MVE) in New South Wales, Australia, that transpired within the first five months of 1974.
- 52 horses displaying symptoms of a nervous disease were observed. The scientists collected specimens from these horses for an in-depth evaluation.
Findings
- In their analysis, the researchers found that, while MVE virus was not isolated, 13 horses had serological indications of recent MVE infection.
- Additionally, 4 other horses showed signs of a recent Ross River virus infection. This finding emphasizes that other arboviruses were present alongside MVE.
- Two horses demonstrated histological signs of viral infection targeting the central nervous system.
Attempts at Experimental Infection
- As part of the study, the researchers also tried to infect two horses with a low dose of MVE virus.
- This experimental infection was attempted through different means, specifically intravenous, intramuscular, and subcutaneous routes.
- Despite these efforts, the attempts to infect the horses with MVE virus were unsuccessful, suggesting possible resistance or a degree of immunity in the subjects.
Significance of the Study
- Overall, this study provides significant insights into MVE’s impact on horses, particularly its association with nervous system diseases.
- It sheds light on the potential for certain horses to demonstrate resistance to the disease, opening avenues for further research into equine immunity to such viruses.
- Findings regarding the concurrent presence of other arboviruses, such as Ross River virus, emphasize the necessity to consider multiple causes when diagnosing and treating similar outbreaks in the future.
Cite This Article
APA
Gard GP, Marshall ID, Walker KH, Acland HM, Saren WG.
(1977).
Association of Australian arboviruses with nervous disease in horses.
Aust Vet J, 53(2), 61-66.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1977.tb14886.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral / analysis
- Arbovirus Infections / veterinary
- Encephalitis Viruses / immunology
- Encephalitis Viruses / isolation & purification
- Encephalitis Viruses / pathogenicity
- Horse Diseases / etiology
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horse Diseases / microbiology
- Horses
- Nervous System Diseases / immunology
- Nervous System Diseases / microbiology
- Nervous System Diseases / veterinary
- Ross River virus / immunology
Citations
This article has been cited 5 times.- Yuen KY, Bielefeldt-Ohmann H. Ross River Virus Infection: A Cross-Disciplinary Review with a Veterinary Perspective. Pathogens 2021 Mar 17;10(3).
- Bielefeldt-Ohmann H, Prow NA, Wang W, Tan CS, Coyle M, Douma A, Hobson-Peters J, Kidd L, Hall RA, Petrovsky N. Safety and immunogenicity of a delta inulin-adjuvanted inactivated Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine in pregnant mares and foals. Vet Res 2014 Dec 17;45(1):130.
- Hobson-Peters J. Approaches for the development of rapid serological assays for surveillance and diagnosis of infections caused by zoonotic flaviviruses of the Japanese encephalitis virus serocomplex. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012;2012:379738.
- Yuen NKY, Harrison JJ, Wang ASW, McMahon IE, Habarugira G, Coyle MP, Bielefeldt-Ohmann H. Orthoflavivirus circulation in South-East Queensland, Australia, before and during the 2021-2022 incursion of Japanese encephalitis virus assessed through sero-epidemiological survey of a sentinel equine population. One Health 2024 Dec;19:100930.
- Taylor-Robinson AW. Complex transmission epidemiology of neglected Australian arboviruses: diverse non-human vertebrate hosts and competent arthropod invertebrate vectors. Front Microbiol 2024;15:1469710.
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