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Chemosphere2018; 218; 652-661; doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.136

Associations between endocrine disrupting chemicals and equine metabolic syndrome phenotypes.

Abstract: Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS) is characterized by abnormalities in insulin regulation, increased adiposity and laminitis, and has several similarities to human metabolic syndrome. A large amount of environmental variability in the EMS phenotype is not explained by commonly measured factors (diet, exercise, and season), suggesting that other environmental factors play a role in EMS development. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are associated with metabolic syndrome and other endocrine abnormalities in humans. This led us to hypothesize that EDCs are detectable in horse plasma and play a role in the pathophysiology of EMS. EDCs acting through the aryl hydrocarbon and estrogen receptors, were measured in plasma of 301 horses from 32 farms. The median (range) TEQ (2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalent) and EEQ (17β-estradiol equivalent) were 19.29 pg/g (0.59-536.36) and 10.50 pg/ml (4.35-15000.00), respectively. TEQ was negatively associated with plasma fat extracted and batch analyzed. EEQ was positively associated with pregnancy and batch analyzed, and negatively associated with being male and superfund score ≤100 miles of the farm. Of particular interest, serum glucose and insulin, glucose and insulin post oral sugar challenge, and leptin concentrations were associated with EEQ, and serum triglyceride concentration was associated with TEQ. Overall, we demonstrated that EDCs are present in the plasma of horses and may explain some of the environmental variability in measured EMS phenotypes. This is the first example of EDCs being associated with clinical disease phenotype components in domestic animals.
Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Publication Date: 2018-11-26 PubMed ID: 30502704PubMed Central: PMC6347404DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.136Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article investigates the role of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) in the occurrence of Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS) in horses. It concludes that EDCs present in a horse’s environment may majorly contribute to EMS development, establishing a new connection between these chemicals and clinical disease symptoms in domestic animals.

Objective of the Research

  • The main purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) and Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS) traits. Despite common factors such as diet, exercise, and season being studied, there was still a significant amount of environmental variability unaccounted for in EMS symptoms. The researchers wanted to explore the possibility of the EDCs in the environment taking part in the development of EMS.

Methods Used

  • The research included measuring EDCs in the plasma of 301 horses from 32 farms. The EDCs specifically studied were those that could act through the aryl hydrocarbon and estrogen receptors.
  • The researchers also analyzed other variables like pregnancy status in mares, the gender of the horse, and the superfund score, which assesses environmental pollution levels within a 100-mile radius of the farm.

Results of the Study

  • The study found that EDCs were indeed present in horse plasma and were associated with the serum glucose, insulin, and leptin levels. Particularly, the estrogen equivalent (EEQ) was positively associated with pregnancy and negatively linked with male horses and low superfund scores.
  • Triglyceride concentration, another major metabolic factor, was associated with the 2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalent (TEQ).
  • Also, the batch analysis rendered significant results concerning EDC concentration and association with other variables.

Significance of the Research

  • This research significantly advances the understanding of Equine Metabolic Syndrome by highlighting the potential involvement of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in its development.
  • This is the first time EDCs have been associated with clinical disease symptoms in domestic animals, opening a new field of research that could have far-reaching implications for understanding metabolic disorders in both animals and humans.

Cite This Article

APA
Durward-Akhurst SA, Schultz NE, Norton EM, Rendahl AK, Besselink H, Behnisch PA, Brouwer A, Geor RJ, Mickelson JR, McCue ME. (2018). Associations between endocrine disrupting chemicals and equine metabolic syndrome phenotypes. Chemosphere, 218, 652-661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.136

Publication

Chemosphere
ISSN: 1879-1298
NlmUniqueID: 0320657
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 218
Pages: 652-661
PII: S0045-6535(18)32243-4

Researcher Affiliations

Durward-Akhurst, S A
  • Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, 225 Veterinary Medical Center, 1365 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN, 55108, United States. Electronic address: durwa004@umn.edu.
Schultz, N E
  • Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, 225 Veterinary Medical Center, 1365 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN, 55108, United States.
Norton, E M
  • Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, 225 Veterinary Medical Center, 1365 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN, 55108, United States.
Rendahl, A K
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, 1988 Fitch Avenue, St. Paul, 55108, United States.
Besselink, H
  • BioDetection Systems b.v., Science Park 406, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Behnisch, P A
  • BioDetection Systems b.v., Science Park 406, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Brouwer, A
  • BioDetection Systems b.v., Science Park 406, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Geor, R J
  • College of Sciences, B2.13, Science Tower B, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Mickelson, J R
  • Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, 301 Veterinary Science Building, 1971 Commonwealth Avenue, St. Paul, 55108, United States.
McCue, M E
  • Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, 225 Veterinary Medical Center, 1365 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN, 55108, United States.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Blood Glucose
  • Endocrine Disruptors / blood
  • Endocrine Disruptors / chemistry
  • Female
  • Horse Diseases / etiology
  • Horse Diseases / metabolism
  • Horses
  • Insulin / blood
  • Leptin / blood
  • Male
  • Metabolic Syndrome / etiology
  • Metabolic Syndrome / metabolism
  • Phenotype
  • Pregnancy

Grant Funding

  • T32 OD010993 / NIH HHS

Conflict of Interest Statement

none

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