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Home / Equine Research Bank / Mol Immunol / Asthma “of horses and men”–how can equine ...
Molecular immunology2014; 66(1); 97-105; doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2014.12.005

Asthma “of horses and men”–how can equine heaves help us better understand human asthma immunopathology and its functional consequences?

Abstract: Animal models have been studied to unravel etiological, immunopathological, and genetic attributes leading to asthma. However, while experiments in which the disease is artificially induced have helped discovering biological and molecular pathways leading to allergic airway inflammation, their contribution to the understanding of the causality of the disease has been more limited. Horses naturally suffer from an asthma-like condition called "heaves" which presents sticking similarities with human asthma. It is characterized by reversible airway obstruction, airway neutrophilic inflammation, and a predominant Th2 immune response. This model allows one to investigate the role of neutrophils in asthma, which remains contentious, the regulation of chronic neutrophilic inflammation, and their possible implication in pulmonary allergic responses. Furthermore, the pulmonary remodeling features in heaves closely resemble those of human asthma, which makes this model unique to investigate the kinetics, reversibility, as well as the physiological consequences of tissue remodeling. In conclusion, heaves and asthma share common clinical presentation and also important immunological and tissue remodeling features. This makes heaves an ideal model for the discovery of novel pathways implicated in the asthmatic inflammation and associated tissue remodeling.
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Publication Date: 2014-12-26 PubMed ID: 25547716DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2014.12.005Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research focuses on the similarities between a condition in horses commonly referred to as “heaves”, which is similar to asthma in humans. By studying heaves, researchers aim to better understand human asthma, its causes, and potential treatments.

Introduction

  • The research investigates the parallels between a condition in horses, heaves, and human asthma. Traditionally, artificially-induced conditions in animals have been used to understand asthma. However, their contribution to unravelling the actual cause of the disease is deemed limited.
  • Given the similarity between heaves and asthma, scientists believe that it can serve as a more accurate model to explore the aetiology, which pertains to the factors leading to the disease, its immunopathology—the study of an immune response related to disease, and the involved genetic characteristics.

Characteristics of Heaves and Asthma

  • Both heaves in horses and asthma in humans are characterised by reversible airway obstruction and inflammation of the airways, marked prominently by a Th2 immune response. Th2 immune response is one where certain immune cells (T helper 2 cells) are responsible for triggering allergic reactions.

Neutrophils in Asthma

  • The research also brings into focus a specific type of cell called neutrophils. Traditionally, these cells are thought to fight off bacterial and fungal infections.
  • In the context of asthma and heaves, the role of such cells is contentious and not fully understood. Hence, studying this can help elucidate their contribution to the disease.

Pulmonary Remodeling Features

  • Another shared feature between human asthma and heaves in horses is pulmonary remodeling. This essentially refers to changes that occur in the lungs’ structure due to chronic diseases.
  • While important, the physiology of tissue remodeling—how and why it happens—and its implications are not fully known. By studying heaves, researchers hope to get insights on these aspects as the remodeling in both conditions is strikingly similar.

Conclusion

  • The researchers conclude that the similarities in clinical presentation, immunological aspects, and pulmonary remodeling patterns between heaves and asthma make heaves a valuable model for studying asthma. This model could aid in the discovery of novel pathways involved in the inflammation and tissue remodeling associated with asthma.

Cite This Article

APA
Bullone M, Lavoie JP. (2014). Asthma “of horses and men”–how can equine heaves help us better understand human asthma immunopathology and its functional consequences? Mol Immunol, 66(1), 97-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2014.12.005

Publication

Molecular immunology
ISSN: 1872-9142
NlmUniqueID: 7905289
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 66
Issue: 1
Pages: 97-105
PII: S0161-5890(14)00338-1

Researcher Affiliations

Bullone, Michela
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, 3200 rue Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada J2S 6C7.
Lavoie, Jean-Pierre
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, 3200 rue Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada J2S 6C7. Electronic address: Jean-Pierre.Lavoie@umontreal.ca.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Asthma / immunology
  • Asthma / pathology
  • Horse Diseases / immunology
  • Horse Diseases / pathology
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / immunology
  • Inflammation / pathology
  • Lung / immunology
  • Lung / pathology
  • Neutrophil Infiltration
  • Neutrophils / immunology
  • Neutrophils / pathology

Grant Funding

  • 102751 / Canadian Institutes of Health Research

Citations

This article has been cited 63 times.
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