Australian Rotavirus Surveillance Program annual report, 2015.
Abstract: The Australian Rotavirus Surveillance Program, together with collaborating laboratories Australia-wide, reports the rotavirus genotypes responsible for the hospitalisation of children with acute gastroenteritis during the period 1 January to 31 December 2015. During the survey period, 1,383 faecal samples were referred for rotavirus G and P genotype analysis, and of these, 1,031 were confirmed as rotavirus positive. A total of 634 specimens had been collected from children under 5 years of age, while 397 were from older children and adults. Genotype analysis of samples from both children and adults revealed that G12P[8] was the dominant genotype in this reporting period, identified in 48.2% of strains nationally. Genotype G3P[8] was the second most common strain nationally, representing 22.8% of samples, followed by G2P[4] and G1P[8] (9% and 8% respectively). G3P[8] was further divided as equine-like G3P[8] (13.2% of all strains) and other wild-type G3P[8] (9.6%). This report highlights the continued predominance of G12P[8] strains as the major cause of disease in this population. Genotype distribution was distinct between jurisdictions using RotaTeq and Rotarix vaccines. Genotype G12P[8] was more common in states using RotaTeq, while equine-like G3P[8] and G2P[4] were more common in the states and territories using Rotarix. This survey highlights the dynamic change in rotavirus genotypes observed since vaccine introduction, including the emergence of a novel equine-like G3P[8] as a major strain. The prolonged dominance of G12P[8] for a 4th consecutive year further illustrates the unexpected trends in the wild type rotaviruses circulating in the Australian population since vaccine introduction.
Publication Date: 2016-12-24 PubMed ID: 28043228
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- Historical Article
- Journal Article
- Clinical Findings
- Clinical Study
- Diagnosis
- Diarrhea
- Disease control
- Disease Diagnosis
- Disease Etiology
- Disease Management
- Disease Outbreaks
- Disease Prevalence
- Disease Surveillance
- Disease Transmission
- Disease Treatment
- Epidemiology
- Genotyping
- Hospitalization
- Infectious Disease
- Public Health
- Rotavirus
- Vaccination
- Vaccine development
Summary
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The research provides an annual report for 2015 on the types of Rotavirus causing hospitalisation for gastroenteritis in Australian children and adults. It highlights the dominance of the G12P[8] strain in causing disease and notes the changes in the distribution of this and other Rotavirus genotypes after vaccination introduction.
Overview of Rotavirus Surveillance Program
- The Australian Rotavirus Surveillance Program works in collaboration with laboratories across Australia to identify the Rotavirus genotypes responsible for causing hospitalisation in both children and adults with acute gastroenteritis.
- The report focused on samples collected over the calendar year of 2015.
Data Collection and Analysis
- A total of 1383 faecal samples were analysed for Rotavirus G and P genotype analysis during this period. 1031 of these were confirmed as positive for Rotavirus.
- Out of the positive samples, 634 were collected from children under 5 years of age and 397 were from older children and adults.
Findings of the Report
- The genotype analysis revealed that G12P[8] was the dominant genotype in the 2015, identified in 48.2% of strains nationally. This was followed by G3P[8] (22.8%), G2P[4] (9%), and G1P[8] (8%).
- The G3P[8] was further divided into equine-like G3P[8] and other wild-type G3P[8], representing 13.2% and 9.6% respectively of all strains.
- The findings pointed out continued predominance of G12P[8] strains as the major cause of disease in this population.
Genotype Distribution and Vaccination
- The report showed a distinct distribution of genotypes between jurisdictions using different vaccines – RotaTeq and Rotarix.
- Genotype G12P[8] was more common in states using RotaTeq, while equine-like G3P[8] and G2P[4] were more common in states using Rotarix.
- The research highlights the dynamic changes in Rotavirus genotypes observed after the introduction of vaccines, including the emergence of a new equine-like G3P[8] strain.
Significance of the Findings
- The extended dominance of G12P[8] for a 4th consecutive year indicates unexpected trends in the circulation of wild-type Rotaviruses in the Australian population post-vaccine introduction.
- The findings point to the importance of continued surveillance and adaptation of vaccines.
Cite This Article
APA
Roczo-Farkas S, Kirkwood CD, Bines JE.
(2016).
Australian Rotavirus Surveillance Program annual report, 2015.
Commun Dis Intell Q Rep, 40(4), E527-E538.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Research Assistant, Enteric Virus Group, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria.
- Senior Program Officer, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, USA.
- Group Leader , Enteric Virus Group, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria.
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria.
- Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, Royal Childrens Hospital, Parkville, Victoria.
MeSH Terms
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Age Distribution
- Annual Reports as Topic
- Australia / epidemiology
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Feces / virology
- Female
- Gastroenteritis / epidemiology
- Gastroenteritis / virology
- Genotype
- History, 21st Century
- Humans
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Population Surveillance
- Rotavirus / genetics
- Rotavirus Infections / epidemiology
- Rotavirus Infections / history
- Rotavirus Infections / microbiology
- Rotavirus Infections / prevention & control
- Rotavirus Vaccines / immunology
- Young Adult
Citations
This article has been cited 8 times.- Mijatovic-Rustempasic S, Jaimes J, Perkins C, Ward ML, Esona MD, Gautam R, Lewis J, Sturgeon M, Panjwani J, Bloom GA, Miller S, Reisdorf E, Riley AM, Pence MA, Dunn J, Selvarangan R, Jerris RC, DeGroat D, Parashar UD, Cortese MM, Bowen MD. Rotavirus Strain Trends in United States, 2009-2016: Results from the National Rotavirus Strain Surveillance System (NRSSS). Viruses 2022 Aug 15;14(8).
- Wahyuni RM, Utsumi T, Dinana Z, Yamani LN, Juniastuti, Wuwuti IS, Fitriana E, Gunawan E, Liang Y, Ramadhan F, Soetjipto, Lusida MI, Shoji I. Prevalence and Distribution of Rotavirus Genotypes Among Children With Acute Gastroenteritis in Areas Other Than Java Island, Indonesia, 2016-2018. Front Microbiol 2021;12:672837.
- Donato CM, Pingault N, Demosthenous E, Roczo-Farkas S, Bines JE. Characterisation of a G2P[4] Rotavirus Outbreak in Western Australia, Predominantly Impacting Aboriginal Children. Pathogens 2021 Mar 16;10(3).
- Silva-Sales M, Leal E, Milagres FAP, Brustulin R, Morais VDS, Marcatti R, Araújo ELL, Witkin SS, Deng X, Sabino EC, Delwart E, Luchs A, Costa ACD. Genomic constellation of human Rotavirus A strains identified in Northern Brazil: a 6-year follow-up (2010-2016). Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2020;62:e98.
- Athiyyah AF, Utsumi T, Wahyuni RM, Dinana Z, Yamani LN, Soetjipto, Sudarmo SM, Ranuh RG, Darma A, Juniastuti, Raharjo D, Matsui C, Deng L, Abe T, Doan YH, Fujii Y, Shimizu H, Katayama K, Lusida MI, Shoji I. Molecular Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Rotavirus Infection Among Pediatric Patients in East Java, Indonesia During 2015-2018: Dynamic Changes in Rotavirus Genotypes From Equine-Like G3 to Typical Human G1/G3. Front Microbiol 2019;10:940.
- Cowley D, Nirwati H, Donato CM, Bogdanovic-Sakran N, Boniface K, Kirkwood CD, Bines JE. Molecular characterisation of rotavirus strains detected during a clinical trial of the human neonatal rotavirus vaccine (RV3-BB) in Indonesia. Vaccine 2018 Sep 18;36(39):5872-5878.
- Perkins C, Mijatovic-Rustempasic S, Ward ML, Cortese MM, Bowen MD. Genomic Characterization of the First Equine-Like G3P[8] Rotavirus Strain Detected in the United States. Genome Announc 2017 Nov 22;5(47).
- Gutierrez MB, Arantes I, Bello G, Berto LH, Dutra LH, Kato RB, Fumian TM. Emergence and dissemination of equine-like G3P[8] rotavirus A in Brazil between 2015 and 2021. Microbiol Spectr 2024 Apr 2;12(4):e0370923.
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