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Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics2020; 44(3); 349-358; doi: 10.1111/jvp.12939

Bayesian-based withdrawal estimates using pharmacokinetic parameters for two capsaicinoid-containing products administered to horses.

Abstract: Capsaicinoids deter horses from chewing on bandages and are applied topically to provide analgesia to musculoskeletal injuries. They are banned during competition due to their nerve blocking properties. The pharmacokinetics of oral (PO) and direct gastric administration via nasogastric tube (NG), or topical (TOP) administration of two capsaicinoid-containing products were investigated, and the withdrawal times required prior to competition were estimated. Capsaicin (CAP) and dihydrocapsaicin (DCAP) were quantified in plasma, and both compounds were best described by a delayed absorption two compartment elimination model following PO administration and by a first order absorption one compartment elimination model following TOP administration. Capsaicin and DCAP could not be quantified in most samples following NG administration. Following PO administration, the time to maximum plasma concentration (T ) for CAP and DCAP was 0.25 (0.08-0.50) hr. Following TOP application, the Tmax for CAP and DCAP was 4 (2-6) and 5 (3-12) hr, respectively. By 8 hr post-PO administration and 36 hr post-TOP application, CAP and DCAP were below the lower limit of quantification. Capsaicin and DCAP were not detected in urine samples. Withdrawal times were predicted using the 99.99% credibility interval limits of the pharmacokinetic parameters calculated with Bayesian estimation.
© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2020-12-11 PubMed ID: 33305843DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12939Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research study explores the pharmacokinetics of capsaicinoids, compounds used topically on horses to prevent them from chewing bandages and provide analgesia for musculoskeletal injuries. The study aims to determine the withdrawal times required for capsaicinoids prior to competition through oral and topical administration methods.

Research Methods and Findings

  • The study involved investigating the pharmacokinetics of two capsaicinoid-containing products through oral (PO), direct gastric administration via a nasogastric tube (NG), and topical (TOP) applications.
  • The researchers quantified capsaicin (CAP) and dihydrocapsaicin (DCAP) in the plasma of horses following administration. Various model analyses were conducted to describe the compounds’ absorption and elimination patterns. After PO administration, CAP and DCAP were best described by a delayed absorption two compartment elimination model. On the other hand, these compounds followed a first-order absorption one-compartment elimination model after TOP application.
  • The study found that the time to maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) for both CAP and DCAP was fastest following oral administration (0.25 hr). This outcome is slower with topical administration, taking 4 hr for CAP and 5 hr for DCAP.
  • Eight hours after oral administration and 36 hours after topical application, the capsaicinoid levels in the plasma went below the lower limit of quantification, meaning the levels became too low to be accurately measured. Importantly, these compounds were undetectable in urine samples.
  • Finally, the team estimated the withdrawal times – the duration before a competition when capsaicinoid use should be ceased – using the 99.99% credibility interval limits of the pharmacokinetic parameters calculated with Bayesian estimation. The specifics of these withdrawal times, however, were not detailed in the abstract.

Significance of the Research

  • This research provides essential pharmacokinetic data on the use of capsaicinoids in horses, including absorption, distribution, and elimination patterns. The data can assist veterinarians and horse trainers to safely and effectively use capsaicinoids and comply with competition regulations – making sure that capsaicinoid levels are negligible or absent from the horse’s system before a race.
  • The study also demonstrates the value of using advanced statistical methods, such as Bayesian estimation, in predicting pharmacokinetic parameters and prescribing effective withdrawal times.

Cite This Article

APA
Robinson MA, Stefanovski D, You Y, Boston RC, Soma LR. (2020). Bayesian-based withdrawal estimates using pharmacokinetic parameters for two capsaicinoid-containing products administered to horses. J Vet Pharmacol Ther, 44(3), 349-358. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.12939

Publication

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics
ISSN: 1365-2885
NlmUniqueID: 7910920
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 44
Issue: 3
Pages: 349-358

Researcher Affiliations

Robinson, Mary A
  • Department of Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
  • Pennsylvania Equine Toxicology & Research Laboratory, West Chester, PA, USA.
Stefanovski, Darko
  • Department of Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
You, Youwen
  • Department of Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
  • Pennsylvania Equine Toxicology & Research Laboratory, West Chester, PA, USA.
Boston, Raymond C
  • Department of Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
Soma, Lawrence R
  • Department of Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, PA, USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Administration, Topical
  • Animals
  • Bayes Theorem
  • Horses

Grant Funding

  • 4400016165 / Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture State Horse Racing Commission
  • Pennsylvania Harness Horsemen's Association
  • Meadows Standardbred Owners Association
  • Pennsylvania Horsemen's Benevolent and Protective Association
  • Pennsylvania Thoroughbred Horsemen's Association

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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. de Tonnerre DJ, Medina Torres CE, Stefanovski D, Robinson MA, Kemp KL, Bertin FR, van Eps AW. Effect of sirolimus on insulin dynamics in horses. J Vet Intern Med 2023 Mar;37(2):703-712.
    doi: 10.1111/jvim.16650pubmed: 36840433google scholar: lookup
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