Biochemical study of repair of induced osteochondral defects of the distal portion of the radial carpal bone in horses by use of periosteal autografts.
Abstract: Periosteal autografts were used for repair of large osteochondral defects in 10 horses aged 2 to 3 years old. In each horse, osteochondral defects measuring 1.0 x 1.0 cm2 were induced bilaterally on the distal articular surface of each radial carpal bone. Control and experimental defects were drilled. Periosteum was harvested from the proximal portion of the tibia and was glued into the principal defects, using a fibrin adhesive. Control defects were glued, but were not grafted. Sixteen weeks after the grafting procedure, the quality of the repair tissue of control and grafted defects was assessed biochemically. Total collagen content and the proportion of type-II collagen were determined. Galactosamine and glucosamine contents also were determined. From these measurements, contents of chondroitin and keratan sulfate and total glycosaminoglycan, and galactosamine-to-glucosamine ratio were calculated. All biochemical variables were compared with those of normal equine articular cartilage taken from the same site in another group of clinically normal horses. Total collagen content was determined on the basis of 4-hydroxyproline content, using a colorimetric method. The proportions of collagen types I and II in the repair tissue were assessed by electrophoresis of their cyanogen bromide-cleaved peptides on sodium dodecyl sulfate slab gels. Peptide ratios were computed and compared with those of standard mixtures of type-I and type-II collagens. Galactosamine and glucosamine contents were determined by use of ion chromatography. In general, the biochemical composition of repair tissue of grafted and nongrafted defects was similar, but clearly differed from that of normal articular cartilage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Publication Date: 1991-02-01 PubMed ID: 2012345
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This study explores how periosteal autografts aid in the repair of severe osteochondral defects in horses, by comparing the biochemical makeup of grafted and non-grafted defects with that of normal cartilage.
Study Design
- The researchers focused on severe osteochondral (relating to both bone and cartilage) defects in young horses, aged between 2-3 years old.
- Each horse had osteochondral defects of size 1 x 1 cm² bilaterally induced on the distal articular surface of their radial carpal bone.
- The defects were treated in two different ways: a control group where only drilling was performed on the defects, and an experimental group that also had periosteum from the tibia glued into their defects using a fibrin adhesive.
Methods of Assessment
- After 16 weeks, the researchers assessed the quality of repair tissue created through both methods using biochemical analysis.
- Key determinants included the total collagen content, the proportion of type-II collagen, and contents of galactosamine, glucosamine, chondroitin, keratan sulfate, and total glycosaminoglycan.
- These results were compared against the same values found in typical equine articular cartilage as a reference.
- The total collagen content was determined by the 4-hydroxyproline content using a colorimetric method.
- The proportions of collagen types in the tissue were identified using electrophoresis of cyanogen bromide-cleaved peptides on sodium dodecyl sulfate slab gels.
- Galactosamine and glucosamine contents were identified using ion chromatography.
Results
- Overall, the biochemical compositions of the repair tissue from both the grafted and non-grafted defects were similar to each other but were not identical to the normal articular cartilage.
The results demonstrate that, while grafting might aid the repair of osteochondral defects, the resulting cartilage doesn’t entirely match normal equine articular cartilage from a biochemical perspective. This points to a need for continued investigation into improved repair techniques for equine osteochondral defects.
Cite This Article
APA
Vachon AM, McIlwraith CW, Keeley FW.
(1991).
Biochemical study of repair of induced osteochondral defects of the distal portion of the radial carpal bone in horses by use of periosteal autografts.
Am J Vet Res, 52(2), 328-332.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Carpal Bones / chemistry
- Carpal Bones / surgery
- Collagen / analysis
- Galactosamine / analysis
- Glucosamine / analysis
- Horses
- Periosteum / chemistry
- Periosteum / surgery
- Transplantation, Autologous / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 4 times.- McIlwraith CW, Fortier LA, Frisbie DD, Nixon AJ. Equine Models of Articular Cartilage Repair.. Cartilage 2011 Oct;2(4):317-26.
- Hoemann C, Kandel R, Roberts S, Saris DB, Creemers L, Mainil-Varlet P, Méthot S, Hollander AP, Buschmann MD. International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) Recommended Guidelines for Histological Endpoints for Cartilage Repair Studies in Animal Models and Clinical Trials.. Cartilage 2011 Apr;2(2):153-72.
- Mienaltowski MJ, Huang L, Frisbie DD, McIlwraith CW, Stromberg AJ, Bathke AC, Macleod JN. Transcriptional profiling differences for articular cartilage and repair tissue in equine joint surface lesions.. BMC Med Genomics 2009 Sep 14;2:60.
- Nakano T, Aherne FX. A study of repair cartilage from osteochondrotic humeral condyles of swine: preliminary report.. Can J Vet Res 1992 Oct;56(4):376-8.
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