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Home / Equine Research Bank / Can Vet J / Canadian veterinarians’ use of analgesics in cattle, p...
The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne2007; 48(2); 155-164; doi: 10.4141/cjas68-021

Canadian veterinarians’ use of analgesics in cattle, pigs, and horses in 2004 and 2005.

Abstract: Anecdotal evidence suggests that many veterinarians may not use analgesics in livestock for routine surgical procedures or painful disease states. To investigate this, we conducted a national mail survey of a random sample of 1431 Canadian veterinarians (response rate, 50.1%). Questions primarily concerned veterinarians' analgesic usage for common surgeries and medical conditions in beef and dairy cattle, pigs, and horses, and attitudes toward pain management. More than 90% of veterinarians used analgesic drugs for equine surgeries, for cesarean section in sows and cows, and for bovine claw amputation and omentopexy. However, in these and other categories, the analgesics used were often inadequate, and many veterinarians did not give analgesics to young animals. When castrated, < 0.001% of piglets received analgesia, compared with 6.9% of beef calves and 18.7% of dairy calves 6 mo of age, and 95.8% of horses. Respondents largely agreed that there are no long-acting, cost-effective analgesics available for use in livestock (median rating 8/10; interquartile range 4-9), and that the long or unknown withdrawal periods of some drugs outweighed the benefits of using them (median rating 7/10; interquartile range 4-9). The results indicate an urgent need for veterinarians to manage pain in livestock better. Continuing education would help, as would an increase in the number of approved, cost-effective analgesic drugs with known withdrawal periods. . Divers témoignages permettent de présumer que plusieurs vétérinaires pourraient ne pas utiliser d’analgésiques chez les bestiaux lors de procédures chirurgicales de routine ou lors d’épisodes maladifs douloureux. Afin d’étudier ces présomptions, nous avons procédé à une enquête postale nationale sur un échantillon de 1431 vétérinaires canadiens choisis au hasard (taux de réponse, 50,1 %). Les questions portaient particulièrement sur l’usage d’analgésiques par le vétérinaire lors de chirurgies et de problèmes médicaux courants chez les bovins de boucherie et laitiers, les porcs et les chevaux et sur les attitudes dans le contrôle de la douleur. Plus de 90 % des vétérinaires utilisaient des analgésiques pour les chirurgies équines, les césariennes porcines et bovines et pour l’amputation des onglons et l’omentopexie chez les bovins. Cependant, dans ces actes médicaux et dans certains autres, les analgésiques utilisés étaient souvent inadéquats et plusieurs vétérinaires n’en donnaient pas aux jeunes animaux. À la castration, < 0,001 % des porcelets recevaient une analgésie comparé à 6,9 % des veaux de boucheries et 18,7 % des veaux laitiers âgés de moins de 6 mois, 19,9 % des veaux de boucherie et 33,2 % des veaux laitiers âgés de plus de 6 mois et 95,8 % des chevaux. Les répondants étaient largement d’accord pour dire qu’il n’y avait pas d’analgésiques à longue action et d’un bon rapport coût-efficacité disponibles pour utilisation sur les bestiaux (estimation médiane de l’opinion 8/10; étendue interquantile 4–9) et que les désavantages reliés aux périodes de retrait longues ou inconnues de certaines drogues l’emportaient sur les bénéfices (estimation médiane de l’opinion 7/10; étendue interquantile 4–9). Les résultats montrent que les vétérinaires ont un urgent besoin de mieux contrôler la douleur des bestiaux. L’éducation continue pourrait être utile de même qu’une augmentation du nombre d’analgésiques approuvés, d’un bon rapport coût-efficacité et dont les périodes de retrait seraient connues. (Traduit par Docteur André Blouin)
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Publication Date: 2007-03-06 PubMed ID: 17334029PubMed Central: PMC1780232DOI: 10.4141/cjas68-021Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research explores the usage patterns and attitudes of Canadian veterinarians towards analgesics for livestock, revealing that while most professionals administer these pain relief drugs for major surgeries, often the chosen analgesics are inadequate. It also records a significant disparity in usage rates between different types of livestock and ages.

Methodology

  • A nationwide mail survey was conducted, targeting a random sample of 1431 veterinarians across Canada, of which 50.1% responded.
  • The survey focused primarily on analgesic usage during common surgeries and medical conditions in beef and dairy cattle, pigs, and horses, and their attitudes toward pain management in livestock.

Findings

  • More than 90% of veterinarians used analgesic drugs for equine surgeries, cesarean section in sows and cows, and for bovine claw amputation and omentopexy.
  • However, the pain-relief drugs used were often inadequate for managing the post-surgery pain level in these livestock.
  • An alarming number of veterinarians did not administer analgesics to young animals. In the case of piglets being castrated, less than 0.001% received analgesia. The rates were slightly higher but still low for beef and dairy calves, with 6.9% receiving analgesia in beef calves, 18.7% in dairy calves less or equal to 6 months, 19.9% in beef calves older than 6 months, and 33.2% in dairy calves older than 6 months.

Attitudes towards Pain Management in Livestock

  • The respondents expressed a lack of long-lasting, cost-effective analgesics for use in livestock care, rating the statement with a median value of 8 out of 10.
  • There was also a shared concern over the long or uncertain withdrawal periods of some drugs, suggesting that these periods could outweigh the benefits of their usage. The statement received a median rating of 7 out of 10.

Conclusion

  • The results illuminate a pressing need for veterinarians to improve pain management in livestock care and treatment.
  • Continuous education in this matter could be beneficial. It is also suggested that increased approval and availability of cost-effective analgesic drugs with known withdrawal periods could enhance pain management practices.

Cite This Article

APA
Hewson CJ, Dohoo IR, Lemke KA, Barkema HW. (2007). Canadian veterinarians’ use of analgesics in cattle, pigs, and horses in 2004 and 2005. Can Vet J, 48(2), 155-164. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjas68-021

Publication

The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne
ISSN: 0008-5286
NlmUniqueID: 0004653
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 48
Issue: 2
Pages: 155-164

Researcher Affiliations

Hewson, Caroline J
  • Sir James Dunn Animal Welfare Centre, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island.
Dohoo, Ian R
    Lemke, Kip A
      Barkema, Herman W

        MeSH Terms

        • Adult
        • Analgesics / therapeutic use
        • Animals
        • Cattle / surgery
        • Female
        • Horses / surgery
        • Humans
        • Male
        • Middle Aged
        • Pain, Postoperative / prevention & control
        • Pain, Postoperative / veterinary
        • Perioperative Care / methods
        • Perioperative Care / statistics & numerical data
        • Perioperative Care / veterinary
        • Surveys and Questionnaires
        • Swine / surgery
        • Veterinarians / psychology
        • Veterinary Medicine / methods
        • Veterinary Medicine / statistics & numerical data

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